Adaptive Quizzing/Urinary/Reproductive Systems

A client is admitted to the hospital with severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria caused by a ureteral calculus. A lithotripsy is scheduled. What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Administer the prescribed analgesic. Pain of renal colic may be excruciating; unless relief is obtained, the client will be unable to cooperate with other therapy.

For which clinical indicator should a nurse monitor a client with end-stage renal disease?

Azotemia Azotemia is an increase in nitrogenous waste (particularly urea) in the blood, which is common with end-stage renal disease.

Which natural physiologic process helps prevent bacterial infections within the client's bladder containing urine?

The secretions of the urothelium The urothelium is the innermost epithelial lining of the bladder. The cells of the urothelium naturally produce antibacterial secretions that prevent bacterial growth within the bladder where urine is stored.

ureteral colic

Ureteral Colic Site: Originates at the cost-vertebral angle. Radiation: Lower quadrant of abdomen, upper thing and ipsilateral testicale or labium. Onset: Sudden Duration: variable Nature: colicky, gripping Intensity: Severe

Dehydrated bun is 40, BP is low and HR goes up and what does the brain do

release antidiuretic (ADH) stops the release of water (due to dehydration) to bring your BP up

A client who has been told she needs a hysterectomy for cervical cancer is upset about being unable to have a third child. What is the next nursing action?

Ensure that other treatment options for her will be explored. Although a hysterectomy may be performed, conservative management may include cervical conization and laser treatment that do not preclude future pregnancies; clients have a right to be informed by their health care provider of all treatment options.

A nurse reviews the history of a client who is hospitalized with a diagnosis of urinary calculi and identifies which factor may have contributed to the development of the calculi?

History of hyperparathyroidism Hyperparathyroidism results in high serum calcium levels; as the blood is filtered through the nephron, precipitates of calcium may form calculi.

Which is the most serious complication for which the nurse must monitor a client with kidney failure?

Hyperkalemia Decreased glomerular filtration leads to hyperkalemia, which may cause lethal dysrhythmias such as cardiac arrest.

A client will be taking nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) 50 mg orally every evening at home to manage recurrent urinary tract infections. What instructions should the nurse give to the client?

Increase the intake of fluids.

The nurse is caring for a client with ureteral colic. To prevent the development of renal calculi in the future, what should the client's plan of care include?

Instructing the client to drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily

Your patient is on Thiazide you are going to monitor what labs?

Na+ and K+

A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with ureteral colic and hematuria. The client also has stage 1 hypertension and is overweight. Which assessment finding should the nurse be most concerned about at this time?

Pain Sharp, severe pain (renal colic) radiating toward the genitalia and thigh is caused by ureteral distention. The priority is to relieve the pain.

A nurse concludes that the anemia that accompanies chronic kidney disease should be treated because it contributes to what?

Chronic fatigue Kidney failure results in impaired erythropoietin production, which causes anemia and chronic fatigue.

Which client's urine specific gravity level is abnormal? Client A: 1.006 Client B: 1.012 Client C: 1.028 Client D: 1.041

Client D: 1.041 The normal specific gravity of urine lies between 1.005 and 1.030. A specific gravity value of 1.041 is higher than the normal range; therefore, Client D's level is abnormal.

A nurse instructs a client with a history of frequent urinary tract infections to drink cranberry juice to do what?

Decrease the urinary pH Cranberry juice is excreted as hippuric acid, which helps acidify the urine (decrease the pH) and inhibit bacterial growth.

A client who had a lithotripsy for a renal calculus is to be discharged from the hospital. What should the nurse include in the home care instructions?

Drink at least 3 L of fluid daily for four weeks Increasing fluid intake aids in the passage of fragments of the calculus that remain after the lithotripsy.

The nurse is aware that the Cowper gland is also often referred to by which other term?

Bulbourethral gland

A nurse administers sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) to a client with chronic renal failure. Which finding provides evidence that the intervention is effective?

Potassium decreases to 4.2 mEq/L This resin exchanges sodium ions for potassium in the large intestine to lower the serum potassium level; 4.2 mEq/L is in the expected range for potassium.

A client with cancer of the prostate requests the urinal at frequent intervals but either does not void or voids in very small amounts. What does the nurse conclude is most likely the causative factor?

Retention An enlarged prostate constricts the urethra, interfering with urine flow and causing retention. When the bladder fills and approaches capacity, small amounts can be voided, but the bladder never empties completely.

Which part of the male reproductive system produces sperm cells?

Seminiferous tubules Each testis contains one to three seminiferous tubules that produce millions of sperm cells daily.

A nurse checking the perineum of a client with a radium implant for cervical cancer observes the packing protruding from the vagina. The nurse notifies the primary healthcare provider to have the packing removed. What is the primary reason that the packing needs to be removed immediately?

The radioactive packing will injure healthy tissue. Packing maintains a radium implant in its correct placement; correct placement minimizes the effect on healthy tissue.

What drug is not given to renal Patients?

Thiazide

The laboratory values of a client with renal calculi reveal a serum calcium within expected limits and an elevated serum purine. What does the nurse conclude that the stone is probably composed of?

Uric acid Purines are precursors of uric acid, which crystallizes.

ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)

is released from your pituitary gland (brain) when your BP is low

A struvite stone sometimes is called a

magnesium ammonium phosphate stone and is precipitated by recurrent urinary tract infections with coliform bacteria.