Adolescent Midterm 1

Which of the following statements about the timing and tempo of sexual maturation is true?

The duration of puberty varies widely, from 1.5 to 6 years in girls and 2 to 5 years in boys.

What is the most striking aspect of the transition into adulthood for contemporary adolescents?

The extended amount of time between pubertal onset and the achievement of adult work and family roles.

Compared to when adults are interrogated by the police, juveniles are:

a. more likely to discuss disagreements with their attorney. b. none of these are true. c. less likely to confess to a crime than remain silent. d. more likely to understand their rights.

Who is at the greatest risk of developing body dissatisfaction? a. Callie, an early-maturing, affluent White young woman who compares herself to her friends. b. Miranda, a late-maturing Black young woman c. John, an early-maturing Black young man who compares himself to his friends d. Mike, a late-maturing White young man who feels he is not muscular enough

a. Callie, an early-maturing, affluent White young woman who compares herself to her friends.

Studies show that adolescent mood swings are most closely related to changes in

activites

The stage of development that begins with puberty and ends when individual's fully transition into adult roles is called________.

adolescence

Teenagers may become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

an imaginary audience

Which of the following characteristics is not typically associated with being an early-maturing girl?

being less popular, especially with boys

Which group of individuals is likely to describe themselves as individuals who are in many ways more mature than adolescents, but not as mature as adults?

college students

All of the following are aspects of metacognition, except:

conserving mental resources.

Dr. Ramirez believes that the passage into adulthood is a gradual process in which the adolescent assumes the roles and status of adulthood bit by bit. This view is most closely associated with the:

continuous transition.

Examining the peer relationships of one group of boys (n = 158) in Southern California during one academic year to explore whether there are differences in their friendships and associations by chronological age is an example of what kind of research design?

cross sectional

While studying for her biology exam, Jennifer watches her favorite show on TV. This is an example of:

divided attention.

Which of the following is a legitimate stage of adolescence?

early, middle, and late

Which of the following can affect the onset of puberty?

excessive exercise, stress, nutritional deficiencies, and siblings

Jeffrey Arnett, the psychologist who created the term emerging adulthood, believes that the developmental period between adolescence and adulthood (emerging adulthood):

exists in very few cultures.

All of the following are features of hypothetical thinking, except:

greater awareness of concrete, observable events.

Which of the following sex characteristics is the first to develop in boys?

growth of testes and scrotum

What is it about adolescent thinking that makes them better problem solvers than children in the information processing view?

improvements in attention improvements in organization improvements in memory improvements in processing speed

Fifteen-year-old Hermione is able to write a much more complex answer than 10-year-old Ginger to the question, "Compare the advantages and disadvantages of using simple spells for self-protection." This is because, as an adolescent, Hermione is able to think:

in multiple dimensions.

Which of the following was not an outcome of the Industrial Revolution?

increased opportunities for adolescents in the workplace

Dr. Jones argues that adolescence is primarily a social invention rather than a biological or cognitive phenomenon. Her view that the broader environment influences our conception of adolescence is most in line with the:

inventionist perspective.

Adrenarche contributes to the development of body ______, signaling the beginning of sexual maturation to others.

odor

The erroneous belief that one's thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique is called a(n) __________ .

personal fable

The physical transformation from child to adult is called ____________________ .

puberty

Today, people go through ____ earlier than 100 years ago, but tend to stay in ____ longer.

puberty; school

Multidimensional thinking helps adolescents understand:

sarcasm.

Kaji, a 16-year old male, has gone through the rite of passage and is now considered a warrior by his tribesmen. This change in Kaji's role and status may be referred to as:

social redefinition.

Today, experts have seen eating disorders as part of psychological distress known as:

substance and depression

The Bar Mitzvah and Bat Mitzvah are contemporary examples of traditional society's practice of:

the accentuation of male and female differences.

What are the reasons for differences in the body shapes of the sexes?

the difference in the amount and distribution of body fat.

According to Vygotsky, adolescents learn best when:

their lessons are within their zone of proximal development. a more experienced instructor is present. the instructor engages in scaffolding.

Chris and his parents had an argument because they did not want him to go to a New Year's Eve party across town. A few days after the argument, Chris's anger subsided because he realized his parents were worried about his safety. Which cognitive process did Chris most likely use to reach this conclusion?

theory of mind

At the time of peak height velocity, adolescents grow at about the same rate as:

toddlers