Adult Health Exam 2 Practice Questions

A health care team is involved in caring for a client with advanced Alzheimer's disease. During a team conference, a newly hired nurse indicates that she has never cared for a client with advanced Alzheimer's disease. Which key point about the disease should the charge nurse include when teaching this nurse?

Clients with Alzheimer's disease are at high risk for injury because of their impaired memory and poor judgment.

The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the medical unit for the treatment of a venous ulcer in the area of the lateral malleolus that has been unresponsive to treatment. Which finding is the nurse most likely to identify during an assessment of this client's wound?

Heavy exudate

The nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client with deep vein thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value would most clearly indicate that the client's warfarin is at therapeutic levels?

International normalized ratio (INR) between 2 and 3

A client has been diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which is a cause of crackles heard in the bases of the lungs?

Pulmonary congestion

Which terms describes the backward flow of blood through a heart valve?

Regurgitation

An older adult in the hospital with a fractured hip is being prepared for surgical repair. The bilateral hearing aids were forgotten at the client's home and the client is having difficulty hearing. To promote communication, which of the following actions should the nurse perform? Select all answers that apply.

Talk directly to the client. Use a deeper tone of voice. Ask the client to repeat what was stated.

The nurse is assessing a woman who is pregnant at 27 weeks' gestation. The client is concerned about the recent emergence of varicose veins on the backs of her calves. What is the nurse's best action?

Teach the client that circulatory changes during pregnancy frequently cause varicose veins.

A client with a chronic illness lives in a rural community. Which approach will the nurse consider when providing continuing care to this client?

Telehealth

A client with right-sided heart failure is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. What information obtained from the client may indicate the presence of edema?

The client says his rings have become tight and are difficult to remove.

The nurse is caring for a client who is known to have a high risk for venous thromboembolism. What preventive actions should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply.

Weight loss Regular exercise Smoking cessation

The nurse is preparing a teaching tool on promoting gastrointestinal health for a senior center. Which information will the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Drink adequate fluids. Brush the teeth and floss regularly. Avoid the use of laxatives and antacids. Eat small, frequent high-fiber low-fat meals.

The diagnosis of aortic regurgitation (AR) is confirmed by which of the following?

Echocardiography

How should the nurse best position a client who has leg ulcers that are venous in origin?

Elevate the client's lower extremities.

The nurse is asked to participate in the redesign of an office of a primary care practice that has a large population of clients with disabilities. Which recommendations will the nurse make to facilitate the care provided to the clients? Select all that apply.

Examination tables that can be lowered Scales to accommodate walkers and wheelchairs Elevated commode seats in the client bathrooms Bathroom facilities that can accommodate wheelchairs Grab bars along the walls of the examination rooms, hallways, and bathrooms

The nurse is gathering data from a client recently admitted to the hospital. The nurse asks the client about experiencing orthopnea. What question would the nurse ask to obtain this information?

"Are you only able to breathe when you are sitting upright?"

A 77-year-old client presents to the local community center for a blood pressure (BP) screening; BP is recorded as 180/90 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension but currently is not taking the prescribed medications. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the client first?

"Can you tell me the reasons you aren't taking your medications?"

A client who has undergone a femoral to popliteal bypass graft surgery returns to the surgical unit. Which assessments should the nurse perform during the first postoperative day?

Assess pulse of affected extremity every 15 minutes at first.

Which describes a valve used in replacement surgery that is made from the client's own heart valve?

Autograft

A nurse is creating an education plan for a client with venous insufficiency. Which measure should the nurse include in the plan?

Avoid normal stockings that are tight.

Which condition is characterized by a decline in intellectual functioning?

Dementia

While assessing a client, the nurse notes that the client's ankle-brachial index (ABI) of the right leg is 0.40. How should the nurse best follow up this assessment finding?

Implement interventions relevant to arterial narrowing.

The nurse is taking a health history of a new client who reports pain in his left lower leg and foot when walking. This pain is relieved with rest and the nurse observes that the left lower leg is slightly edematous and is hairless. When planning this client's care, the nurse should most likely address which health problem?

Intermittent claudication

A nurse administers furosemide to treat a client with heart failure. Which adverse effect must the nurse watch for most carefully?

Low serum potassium level

The nurse is caring for a client with a chronic condition. On which areas will the nurse focus when planning care for this client? Select all that apply.

Manage symptoms Avoid complications Focus on quality of life Prevent acute illnesses

A nurse working in a long-term care facility is performing the admission assessment of a newly admitted, 85-year-old resident. During inspection of the resident's feet, the nurse notes early evidence of gangrene on one of the resident's great toes. The nurse should assess for further evidence of which health problem?

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

The most important health-promoting behavior that can prevent chronic illness or significantly improve the quality of life for those with a chronic condition is:

Physical exercise.

An older adult reports feeling drowsy, dizzy, and unstable walking before experiencing a fall. Which intrinsic factors will the nurse assess that may have contributed to the client's fall? Select all that apply.

Polypharmacy Use of alcohol Medication interactions

An elderly client who lives in a retirement community has been having a mild depressive episode over the past few weeks. What should the nurse recommend for the client?

participating in a social activity

According to the classification of hypertension diagnosed in older adults, hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed

secondary

Hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed

secondary hypertension.