Advanced MS - Chapter 36 & 37 WB

A patient diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) asks the nurse about numbness in the fingers and pain in the wrist. in responding to the patient, how would the nurse best describe CTS?

"CTS is a neuropathy that is characterized by compression of the median nerve at the wrist"

the nurse educated a patient with low back pain techniques to relieve the discomfort and prevent further complications. which statement by the patient demonstrates understanding of the education the nurse provided?

"I will avoid prolonged sitting or walking"

patients who experience a fracture of the humeral neck are advised that healing will take an average of ________ weeks, with restricted vigorous activity for an additional 4 weeks

10

the recommended adequate intake (RAI) level for calcium for all individuals is __________ mg daily

1000-1500

a patient comes back to the clinic with continued reports of back pain. which time frame does the nurse identify as "chronic pain"

3 months

primary osteoporosis in women usually begins between the ages of _________

45 and 55 and after menopause

the nurse is caring for a patient after arthroscopic surgery for a rotator cuff tear. the nurse informs the patient the full activity can usually resume after what period of time?

6 to 12 months

a patient sustains an open fracture with extensive soft damage. the nurse identifies this fracture is classified as which grade

III

the intervertebral discs that are subject to the greatest mechanical stress and greatest degenerative changes are

L4, L5, S1

a patient falls while skiing and sustains a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. which serious complication of this injury should the nurse monitor for

Volkmann ischemic contracture

the primary deficit in osteomalacia is ______, which promotes calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract

a deficiency in activated vitamin D (calcitriol)

three range-of-motion activities are avoided for a patient with a lower extremity amputation

abduction external rotation flexion

a patient is diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma. which laboratory studies will the nurse monitor for the presence of elevation

alkaline phosphatase

a patient had an above the knee amputation of the left leg related to complications from peripheral vascular disease (PVD). the nurse enters the patient's room and observes the dressing and bed covers saturated with blood. which is the first action by the nurse

apply a tourniquet

a patient sustains a fracture of the arm. when will the nurse inform the patient that pendulum exercises will begin

as soon as tolerated, after a reasonable period of immobilization

common pulmonary complications for the older adult patient following a hip fracture include

atelectasis and pneumonia

a fragment of the bone is pulled off by a ligament or tendon

avulsion

a patient fell in a hole in the yard, causing an ankle injury. the ankle is edematous and painful to palpation. how long will the nurse inform the patient that the acute inflammatory stage will last

between 24 and 48 hours

two medications used to treat Paget disease are

bisphosphonates and plicamycin

the major consequence of osteoporosis is

bone fracture

a patient has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. which common symptoms does the nurse recognize correlate with the diagnosis

bone pain and tenderness

may disclose infections, tumors, and bone marrow abnormalities

bone scan

bone formation is enhanced by

calcium intake muscular activity weight bearing

the nurse is caring for a patient with a pelvic fracture. which nursing assessments for a pelvic fracture will be included

checking the urine for hematuria palpating peripheral pulses in both lower extremities testing the stool for occult blood

___________ is the most common fracture of the distal radius

colles fracture

bone is splintered into several fragments

comminuted

a break occurs across the entire section of the bone

complete

the fractured bone is compressed by another bone

compressed

useful in identifying underlying problems, such as obscure soft tissue lesions adjacent to the vertebral column and problems of vertebral discs

computed tomography scan (CT)

the nurse is assessing the feet of a patient and observes an overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis. which condition will the nurse educate the patient about

corn

a patient shows the nurse a round, firm nodule on the wrist. the pain is described as aching, with some weakness of the fingers. which treatment does the nurse assist with

corticosteroid injections surgical excision aspiration of the cyst

a patient was climbing a ladder, slipped on a rung, and fell on the right side of the chest. x-ray studies reveal three rib fractures, and the patient reports pain with inspiration. which is the priority intervention in the treatment of this patient

coughing and deep breathing with pillow splinting

a patient sustains an open fracture of the left arm after an accident at the roller-skating rink. which emergency management plans will be started for this patient?

cover the area with a clean dressing if the fracture is open immobilize the affected side splint the injured limb

the most common complication of hip fractures in the older adult patient is

deep vein thrombosis

fragments are driven inward

depressed

osteomyelitis with vascular insufficiency, which most commonly affects feet, is seen most often among patients with

diabetes and peripheral vascular disease

a patient comes to the clinic reporting low back pain radiating down the left leg. after diagnostic studies rule out any pathology, the health care provider prescribes a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SRNI). which medication does the nurse educate the patient about

duloxetine

used to evaluate spinal nerve root disorders (radiculopathies)

electromyogram (EMG)

a nurse is caring for a patient who has had an amputation. which interventions will the nurse provide to foster a positive self-image

encouraging the patient to care for the residual limb allowing the expression of grief introducing the patient to local amputee support groups

a fracture that occurs through the epiphysis

epiphyseal

a patient sustained an open fracture of the femur 24 hours ago. while assessing the patient, the nurse observes the patient is having difficulty breathing, and oxygen saturation decreases to 88% from a previous 99%. which complications of the fracture is the patient experiencing

fat embolism

the residual limb should never be placed on a pillow to avoid

flexion contracture of the hip

one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent

greenstick

while riding a bicycle on a narrow road, a patient was hit from behind and thrown into a ditch, sustaining a pelvic fracture. which complications does the nurse monitor for that are common in pelvic fractures

hemorrhage and shock

the nurse is caring for a patient with bone metastasis from a primary breast cancer. the patient reports muscle weakness and nausea and is voiding large amounts frequently. cardiac arrhythmias are observed on the telemetry monitor. which does the nurse suspect based on these clinical manifestations

hypercalcemia

the nurse is monitoring a patient who sustained an open fracture of the left hip. which type of shock will the nurse identify may occur with this type of injury

hypovolemic

a patient has suffered a femoral shaft fracture in an industrial injury. which is an immediate nursing concern for this patient

hypovolemic shock

the nurse is caring for a patient who sustained an open fracture of the right femur in an automobile crash. which is the most serious complication this patient will need to be monitored for

infection

the layman's term for onychocryptosis, a common foot condition is

ingrown toenail

permits visualization of the nature and location of spinal pathology

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan

permits visualization of segments of the spinal cord that may have herniated or may be compressed (infrequently performed; indicated when MRI scan is contraindicated)

myelogram

the femur fracture that commonly leads to avascular necrosis or nonunion due to an abundant supply of blood vessels in the area is a fracture of the

neck

a fracture occurs at an angle across the bone

oblique

the fracture extends through the skin

open

the most common benign bone tumor is

osteochondroma

patients with open fractures risk three major complications

osteomyelitis tetanus gas gangrene

a patient is diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the right leg. which signs and symptoms does the nurse identify that are associated with this diagnosis?

pain in the right leg erythema of the right leg fever

a fracture occurring through an area of diseased bone

pathologic

a patient had hand surgery to correct a Dupuytren contracture. which nursing intervention is a priority postoperatively

performing hourly neurovascular assessments for the first 24 hours

the nurse is educating the patient with low back pain about the proper way to lift objects. which muscle will the nurse encourage the patient to maximize?

quadriceps

the hospice nurse is assigned to care for a patient with metastatic bone cancer who wants to remain at home. which is the therapeutic goal in the in the care of this patient?

relieve pain and discomfort while promoting quality of life

a patient stepped on an acorn while walking barefoot in the backyard and developed an infection progressing to osteomyelitis. which microorganism does the nurse identify as most often the cause of the development of osteomyelitis

staphylococcus aureus

a muscle tear that is microscopic and due to overuse is called

strain

a patient reports experiencing low back pain. which position will the nurse suggest to relieve this discomfort?

supine, with knees slightly flexed and the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees

the longest immobilization time necessary for fracture union occurs with a fracture of the

tibial shaft

useful in detecting tears in ligaments, muscles, tendons, and soft tissues in the back

ultrasound