Africa

In the Sahel region of Africa, desertification is causing the desert to spread. As plants die, the soil blows away leaving the ground unfit for agriculture. What is a major result of desertification?

A lack of adequate food production for the people

What is Kwanza?

A traditional winter holiday celebrated in Eastern Africa

Michelle is Arab. Why can't it be assumed that Michelle is also Muslim?

All Arabs are not Muslim.

Where is the Aswan High Dam?

Along the Nile River in Egypt

What are the four major ethnic groups in Africa?

Arabs, Bantu, Swahili, and Ashanti

Which describes the relationship between water pollution and irrigation in Africa?

As water pollution increases, irrigation of clean water becomes more important and more difficult.

Which ethnic group migrated down the Eastern coast of Africa and settled in the south?

Bantu

Swahili religious preference

Blend of Islam and their traditional beliefs

What is the purpose of the Aswan High Dam?

Built to stop the annual flooding of the Nile River.

The mass destruction and cutting down of trees and other vegetation. The growing population is a cause of deforestation. People are clearing forests to build homes and communities. This is a major cause of desertification.

Deforestation

Because of poor soil in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, people are constantly clearing land for agricultural purposes. This contributes to which OTHER environmental concern in Africa?

Desertification

In the Sahel, drought and overgrazing of vegetation are causes of

Desertification

The process in which the land becomes more like a desert. This is when the plants die and the soil blows away leaving the ground unfit for farming. This is caused by several factors- drought, overgrazing of farm animals, improper farming techniques, and the cutting down of trees.

Desertification

A country which is already well-established in trade, economics, and technology is known as a _____________ nation.

Developed

A country which lacks modern technology and has a more traditional economy is known as a _____________________ nation.

Developing

What is diversity?

Differences in background & culture

How can diversity within a country lead to conflict?

Different cultures and values may disagree on how to govern a country and may have trouble unifying their people when some groups do not feel included.

One major cause of desertification in Africa is __________

Drought

All of these countries are part of Sub-Saharan Africa EXCEPT (Egypt, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Kenya)

Egypt

The race/culture that one is born into which shares language, culture, history, etc.

Ethnic group

All of the following are fresh water resources for African countries EXCEPT (Congo, Niger, Euphrates, Nile)

Euphrates

The _____________ is in Eastern Africa and many scientists believe that it may one day separate from the rest of the continent.

Great Rift Valley

Which statement about the Aswan High Dam is true?

It has stopped the annual flooding of the Nile River.

Why is the Sahel an impoverished area in recent years?

Lack of development, lack of rainfall, grassland area now turning into uninhabitable desert

What is drought?

Lack of rainfall

What is malnutrition?

Lack of the right kinds of food

Why is the population of the Sahara desert low?

Lack of water

____ ____ is the major source of water for which river?

Lake Victoria; Nile

The lack of clean and abundant water in many countries south of the Sahara has had what economic effect?

Little to no development of businesses and technology in those areas of Africa

Arab religious preference

Mainly Muslim

What is the difference between an ethnic group and a religious group?

Members of different ethnic groups may be part of the same religious group.

Bantu religious preference

Mostly traditional religions that focus on ancestors

Which concept relates to religion rather than ethnicity?

Mustafa follows the Quran

The Sahel is partially located in which of the following countries?

Nigeria

What is the major water source for Sudan and Egypt?

Nile River

Explain the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources.

Non-renewable resources cannot be quickly replaced. Renewable resources can.

Kinds of resources that cannot be replaced quickly (such as diamonds and gold) are plentiful in some parts of Africa. These are called _______________.

Nonrenewable resources

What region are most Arabs found in?

Northern

List some of the specific causes of desertification.

Overgrazing, improper farming techniques, drought, deforestation

Shares a belief system

Religious group

A kind of resource such as lumber and cotton that can be used and then replaced fairly quickly is known as ________________________.

Renewable resources

What is the major physical barrier in the continent of Africa?

Sahara Desert

What physical features in Africa make the topography very diverse?

Savannas, rain forests, mountains, and deserts

What is the Sahel region of Africa and where is it located?

Semi-Arid area south of the Sahara; formerly grasslands now drying up and becoming part of the desert

The Nile River is the main source of water for what two countries

Sudan and Egypt

What man-made geographic feature is important for Egypt's trade?

Suez Canal

Muslims that live on the East African coast from southern Somalia to northern Mozambique are mostly ____________.

Swahili

Which ethnic group is mostly located along the Eastern coast of Africa whose religion blends Islam and native beliefs?

Swahili

What region of Africa is dealing with desertification?

The Sahel

What feature is important to Egypt's trade?

The Suez Canal

How has the Aswan High Dam impacted the quality of water?

The flooding was bad for homes and property, but GOOD for farming (bringing fertile silt to the mouth of the river) Now Egypt is dealing with water pollution due to artificial fertilizers used and there are arguments regarding whether the Dam has done more harm than good for Egypt overal

What does the term "Sub-Saharan" Africa mean?

The part of the continent of Africa "below" or south of the Sahara Desert

What is desertification?

The transformation of arable land into non-arable land due to over-farming, over-grazing, over-development, and drought

What was the result of the migration of the Bantu people throughout Africa?

Their culture and religion changed as they migrated and they experienced cultural exchange with those whom they met along the way

What was the result of the migration of the Bantu people throughout Africa?

They kept their cultural identity, but changed/influenced the people that they came into contact with (taught new farming techniques, cattle raising, language, the ideas of civilization/towns, etc.)

The lack of clean abundant water in many countries south of the Sahara in Africa has what economic effect?

Trade and industry did not develop adequately.

Ashanti religious preference

Traditional religions - a mixture of spiritual and supernatural powers

Poor soil and deforestation cause more land to become ______________

Useless for farming and agriculture

What lake is the source of The Nile and the largest lake in Africa

Victoria

Across much of Africa, there is a lack of access to clean water suitable for drinking. Many parts of Africa do not have enough water for people to live. Many overpopulated areas with fresh water resources are becoming polluted because of industrial, animal, and human waste. With the deserts spreading, there is less arable land suitable for farming/agriculture. The growing population and the limited supply of clean water is a major issue in Africa. Clean water is needed for basic health and sanitation.

Water Issues

What is famine?

Widespread shortage of food

Why is the population of the Sahara low?

limited access to water

The Sahel region of Africa is best described as

semi arid land

The topography of Africa is

very diverse, including: savannas, rain forests, mountains, and deserts