Agency Administration Final
An agency that wants to strengthen its ethical culture hires for (1) ___________ and trains for (2)____________.
1. Character 2. Skill
According to most standard medical textbooks, what is the percentage of disease that can be linked to psychosomatic or stress-related origins?
50-80%
How does any organization cope with constant, incoming changes?
By strategic planning that deals with constantly changing goals, action plans, and performance measurements.
Which statement below best describes how to gain control of time and events?
By understanding how they relate to a purpose driven life.
Stress is any ________________ that you must adapt to.
Change
(T/F) POP is incident driven.
False
(T/F) Top performers focus on their weaknesses.
False
(T/F) Trend spotting never guarantees the time and opportunity to initiate action that is likely to succeed.
False
What gets measured gets ________________.
Managed
Moving from approach A to approach B hinges on shared ownership and accountability. What is the operative word in this statement?
Shared
(T/F) Category II organizing requires the production of a weekly schedule.
True
(T/F) The malcontent is the most common type of all the problem employees and can be the most difficult to correct.
True
What is the most reliable of human interaction?
Verbal
So many officers per 1000 population is a nonsensical staffing formula __________________.
unless tied to work output and outcome values
How we handle stress determines _________________________________________.
whether it is harmful (distress) or helpful (vitality)
Informal communication channels do not include ___________.
written memoranda
What are the three general phases to investigate a citizen complaint?
1.Receipt of a complaint 2. Investigation 3. Adjudication
What is the 360 degree performance evaluation system?
A 360-degree evaluation includes peers and-if you're a supervisor-those you lead.
COPS is primarily a matter of philosophy, leadership style, and structure. To be implemented, what does COPS require?
A greater degree of decentralization.
All police leaders are in desperate need of leisure time. What is "leisure time?"
A period of active personal fun, restful time.
Officer Smith is a 12-year veteran patrol officer. He is low on emotional and social intelligence and often pushes the borders on policy and ethical standards. He is generally unaware that his behavior is unacceptable. What type of employee is Officer Smith?
A problem employee
The Smithville Police Department relies on statistics to measure performance. The department is doing a good job when the city-wide crime rate is low or the city-wide arrest rate is high. The best officers are those who make many arrests and/or service many calls. What type of police department is the Smithville Police Department?
A reactive police department
What should each good decision start with?
A stop-forced space for reflection
What is meant in communication by "the transfer of meaning?"
A transmitted thought is perceived by the receiver as envisioned by the sender.
The final of five steps to effective management of priorities is _________________.
Act and flexibility
Where should PERMA be practiced?
All domains of life
Good communication is often erroneously defined by the communicator as ______________.
An Agreement
While supervising depends on ________________, leading requires power.
Authority
Scientists have discovered that our personalities do change over time. What do scientists say in regards to our basic talents?
Basic talents remain stable after age three.
There are four words that are considered performance measures. Which is not one of them?
Benchmarks
The Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) program content includes various resilience tools and methods that are now available to us in law enforcement. The CSF program is divided into three parts and the first two parts are building mental toughness and building strengths. What is the third part to CSF?
Building strong relationships
How do strength-based leaders convey their values to their staff?
By everything they say and do
What is the quintessential ingredient within vision, mission statements, and strategic planning?
Clarity
A good strategy has an essential logical structure that consists of three phases: a diagnosis, a guiding policy and ___________________________.
Coherent Action
When measuring police performance, the most neglected yardstick is _____________.
Community
You are a Lieutenant for a patrol division consisting of 39 officers for an urban, lower-economic district. Category I issues occur almost daily and many times during the week. Category III issues occur many times per day. Using the Time Management Matrix, how can you best spend more time on Category II issues?
Concentrate of the Category I issues and learn to say "no" to Category III and IV activities-sometimes apparently urgent things.
Creating a plan provides a sense of direction by casting all important goals. When you plan, you're automatically committing your willpower. The bigger the plan, the greater the likely depletion of your exhaustible willpower. Knowing this, what is the best way to evade the planning non-solution trap?
Concentrate on the top one (or two or three-but no more than three) and do not work on the others until they have been accomplished.
It's courageous members who openly communicate agreement and disagreement with their bosses. Rudyard Kipling wrote, "The opposite of courage is __________________.
Conformity
Vision - At first, it grabs the team leader, and if effectively projected, it convinces others to get on board. The leader's vision is intended to be magnetic. Knowing this, what is the first thing a leader should do with his or her vision?
Convey the vision to others - the team has to know what you see.
There several reasons to measure performance. Which is not one of them?
Creation of the departmental vision
COPS does not hinge on a need for more money and employees, but rather a need for internal transformation and community support. Knowing this, which statement below is in line with the COPS philosophy?
Crime is everybody's business, and the police can't do it alone
The process our brain uses when converting a sequence of actions into an automatic routine (a.k.a. habit) is called "chunking." The brain's habit evolution is a three-phase loop. Identify the correct loop the brain uses in its habit evolution.
Cue, routine, and reward
EI stands for _________.
Emotional Intelligence
What is not a value-programming period?
Empowering
Which statement below correctly summarizes empowerment?
Empowerment encourages those who are affected by it to input their ideas and aspirations.
Which one of the following is not one of our five intelligences?
Extra Sensory
(T/F) Because supervisors have the authority and responsibility to decide a certain issue, they must personally make the decision.
False
(T/F) Happiness is a singular positive emotion.
False
(T/F) A display of our signature strengths often diminishes those possessed by others.
False
(T/F) A police department should be an efficiency instrument, a bureaucratic machine that maximizes its output within rules set by the community.
False
(T/F) All police leaders have rank of some sort such as sergeant's stripes or lieutenant's or captain's bars.
False
(T/F) Being reasonably angry is NEVER okay.
False
(T/F) Between character and competency, being competent is more valuable.
False
(T/F) COP shows that reactive tactics have no merit.
False
(T/F) Collecting accurate performance data will alone cause improved police work.
False
(T/F) Communication between the dispatchers and the detective bureau is considered "down-up" communication.
False
(T/F) Decisions must not involve personal experiences.
False
(T/F) Drugs and therapy for PTSD have a success rate of about 97% relief.
False
(T/F) Effective leaders must establish their vision and ideas first and their integrity second.
False
(T/F) Experts agree that individual performance is almost completely independent of an accurate and valid personnel evaluation process.
False
(T/F) Formal and/or informal incentive systems rarely promote honesty, moral courage, responsibility, and fairness.
False
(T/F) Fortunately, your performance as a leader is not related to your ability to accurately appraise the performance of your assigned personnel.
False
(T/F) Hypostress means an overload of change.
False
(T/F) It has been demonstrated again and again that shared or participative decision-making produces significantly poorer results.
False
(T/F) It's best to push the judge in you and restrain the artist.
False
(T/F) Learning to increase and manage the complexity and the number of tasks that confront you will help you reduce stress.
False
(T/F) Low willpower can cause a decision fatigue referred to as "cognitive miser," which means always compromising.
False
(T/F) Measurables don't need markers to have meaning.
False
(T/F) Once an officer really learns AND internalizes ethics, it's easy to share, to be consistently kind, to think of others first, to judge generously and to give others the benefit of the doubt.
False
(T/F) Our brains can tell the difference between good and bad habits
False
(T/F) Our values are enduring and cannot be changed.
False
(T/F) Real and stated goals are typically identical.
False
(T/F) Relationships have little on our physiology during tough times and has no effect on our cardiovascular functioning and stress levels.
False
(T/F) Remember: PERMA should only be practiced in our career, and it should remain separate from our personal life.
False
(T/F) Shared decision-making typically reduces the commitment on the part of those involved to implement it.
False
(T/F) Stress in daily life is NOT natural, and in fact is statistically rare, and avoidable.
False
(T/F) Successful leaders don't just focus on a few prominent talents, they also focus on weaknesses.
False
(T/F) The adult human brain makes up 20% of the body, but consumes more than 2% of its energy.
False
(T/F) The greatest potential for improved crime control resides in the enhancement of response times, patrol tactics, and investigative techniques.
False
(T/F) The higher you advance in a police organization, the less interpersonal and relational the working environment is.
False
(T/F) The number of officers per thousand is the best staffing formula.
False
(T/F) The scientific evidence so far confirms that one's accomplishment is a formula of skill × experience.
False
(T/F) The truth is that letting others participate in decisions that affect their work life surrenders your authority or responsibility for the ultimate decisions.
False
(T/F) The use of e-mail messages is one sign of a leader.
False
(T/F) Time and productivity are separate and unrelated concepts.
False
(T/F) To kick-start the development of stronger ties with the community, departments should increase the rotation of officers across shifts.
False
(T/F) To maintain steady self-control, you're better off eating foods with a high glycemic index.
False
(T/F) Visions, unlike values, frequently change.
False
(T/F) We don't need to understand other people's values, we just need to understand our own to really communicate.
False
(T/F) You have to be a police supervisor to be a police leader.
False
(T/F) ersonal non task directed" channels rarely carry information that is of concern to organizational operations.
False
The focus of a police agency should not always be on performance but should always be on results.
False
All of the evidence so far points to the conclusion-happiness is good for you and those around you. What is "happiness?"
Feeling positive most of the time
Walter B. Cannon, a physiologist at Harvard around the turn, noted that a series of biochemical changes prepares us to deal with threats or danger. What did he call this response?
Flight-or-fight response
Which of the following is not an ethical value?
Frugality
What does the research on job satisfaction among police show?
Given a choice between a bump-up in pay and empowerment, more than 90 percent opt for more voice.
Errors in the performance evaluation process mainly occur in the rater or in the process itself. There are four common types of errors to guard against. Which error occurs when an evaluator incorrectly treats two or more dimensions of performance as if they were identical or highly correlated?
Halo errors
Lt. Lewis has recently been promoted to lead the patrol division of 33 officers. He believes that his officers would benefit from some resiliency training and wants to start with the resiliency strategy of "building relationships." During a briefing/training session, he points out that there are a couple of officers who are highly negative, and frequently protest rules, policies, and practices and destructively gossip. What advice should Lt. Lewis include to deal with these negative officers?
Hang out with the "go-to people," and avoid "stay-away-from folks."
Detective Lieutenant Philips is constantly missing deadlines, has details that fall through the cracks and always seems stressed. Detectives in the bureau comment to themselves that he tends to procrastinate and becomes easily distracted by minor issues, and is spinning at an accelerative pace but gets nowhere. What statement best describes Philips' issues?
He does not have a focused purpose
Detective Sergeant Neimis has been working overtime for over a week on several high profile cases along with the detectives in the bureau. Tomorrow, some very important and risky decisions have to be made regarding arrest and search warrants and the stakes are high. Media, the mayor, and other prominent members of the community are looking for quick arrests and answers. It's late at night and Detective Sergeant Neimis has a decision to make regarding both himself and the entire bureau. Which of the following is the best decision that will increase will-power and self-control to make better decisions in these tough times and risky decisions?
He should send everyone home and get seven hours of sleep.
We all want to improve communication. How can we improve the way we communicate with others?
Include less information and replace it with more communication.
The Levitt/Dunbar survey discovered three accurate explanations that contributed to the significant drop in crime between 1991 and 2001. Which of the following was ONE of the three contributing factors?
Increased reliance on prisons
Which statement below is true regarding when a supervisor demonstrates expertise and technical competence?
It is one critical step a manager must take to elevate trustworthiness.
John is a Lieutenant for a smaller police department (25 members). His top strength is "positivity." He is hopeful. He is optimistic. He is high in trusting others. If John's strength is over-used or excessed, what is the potential outcome?
John may be blinded by an officer who is lying on his activity reports.
What is referent power?
Leadership developed by ethics, vision, emotional intelligence, and teamwork
What is Leading about?
Leading is about people-their vision, empowerment, teamwork, and communication.
"Altruistic egoism" essentially means _____________.
Looking out for oneself
Mike is a Sergeant on the police department and is 44 years old. He is 30 pounds overweight and has poor cardiovascular endurance. He has held the desire get back into shape for years and says that he works out but in fact, he rarely exercises. What statement describes the Sergeant's values regarding health and fitness?
Mike does not hold health and fitness as a value because it is not acted on.
For most of us, the need for physical grit is rare but __________ courage is tested almost every day.
Moral
Ethics are concerned with ____________________ and how we should behave regarding both ends and means.
Moral Duties
There are four conduits we use to communicate messages. Which of the following is NOT one of these four conduits?
Mutual Understanding
Officer Smith is demonstrating poor performance on the job. He is receiving multiple citizen complaints, and you have observed him abusing equipment. He also is calling in sick often. Which statement below is a likely source of Officer Smith's behavior and what can be done about it?
Officer Smith has a bad attitude and his supervisor should attempt to determine how it was formed and address the need for change.
The science of habit formation, like willpower, has exploded into a major field of study. Which statement below correctly states a scientific premise regarding habits?
Our brain can't tell the difference between the bad habits and the good ones.
Which statement below is true regarding VALUES?
Our values, while enduring, can be changed.
One key test of a police organization is its spirit of high performance. This must be prevalent in five different baseline values such as: Non-negotiable High Standards. Which statement below is NOT accurate when describing Non-negotiable High Standards?
Performance means success everytime
PERMA refers to the five key elements to foster our well-being and includes: positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning and ______________________________.
Positive Achievement
Leading by objectives (LBO) necessitates setting goals that are tangible, attainable, and measurable. Which statement below correctly identifies the objective of LBO?
Rather than using goals to control, LBO seeks to use them to engage.
Criminal laws are especially useful when we are faced with choices about brutality, stealing, perjury, and bribe-taking. Although the choice here is not always easy, it's clear and straightforward. Laws are needed to define minimum standards of conduct. Which statement below correctly states the usefulness of criminal laws when considering other ethical standards?
Referring to criminal laws as "ethical laws" or "ethical standards" is misleading and actually counterproductive because the laws deal only with a small spectrum of ethical decisions police employees face.
The first step in converting stress into wellness is _______________.
Reliable data
Which is not one of the three approaches police departments use to handle ethical dilemmas?
Religious-based
Captain Lewis prefers tackling problems that do not have precise answers, she spends more time synthesizing information than gathering it, and she relishes the process of breaking information down into its component parts, and then reconfiguring those parts to expose the essence of a problem. What kind of leader is Captain Lewis?
She is an insightful leader
Another term for self-control is self-regulation. Regulating means making an intentional effort toward a specific goal. Self-control without goals would be nothing more than aimless change.
Short-term goals are better than long-term goals because long-term goals have a tendency to be frustrating and a source of stress.
How quickly should decisions be made in a police organization?
Sometimes fast/Sometimes slow
Between stimulus and response there is __________.
Space
There are four different types of delegation. One of these types of delegation concentrates on results instead of methods. It affords police personnel a choice of method, but more important, it makes them 100 percent responsible for results. What type of delegation does this describe?
Stewardship
You are the chief of police for a small department consisting of seven officers. The city council wants 24 hour coverage by the local police department and you have accomplished this over the past year by reducing coverage and expending weekly overtime in the 12-24 hour range. Lately, overtime use has increased to about 28-30 hours. What conclusion can you draw from this situation?
The officers are most likely fatigued and are less quality conscience making the department unproductive.
You are a new police chief for a department that protects a city of 50,000 residents. As the new chief, you soon recognize that the department does not have any stated goal. One of your first priorities is to develop a new direction and vision for the department. Which statement below correctly identifies the best way to identify the department's mission?
The police department should identify multiple goals, because only multiple measures can effectively evaluate whether a police agency is performing successfully.
There is a traditional view regarding the role of the police department and there is a very different view of that role of a police department that is engaged in COP. Which statement below correctly summarizes the role of an agency that is invested in COP?
The police should partner with the community to create safe neighborhoods.
What does it mean to "manage your boss?"
The process of consciously working with your superior to obtain the best possible results for you, your boss, and the police department.
There are two different approaches to create a vision for your police department. Which statement correctly states the bottom-up approach?
The vision has a shared beginning and ending and has the best opportunity to become an operational reality.
There are at least two solid reasons why team leadership is on the rise. First, the problems our police organizations face today are tougher than ever. What is the second reason?
There has been a change in the management style within police organizations.
Trust encompasses accountability, predictability, reliability, and integrity. How does a leader build trust?
There must be a mental or physical act consistently repeated.
Based on the Time Management Matrix, which statement below is the best conclusion if a supervisor spent all his time in Categories III and IV?
They are leading an irresponsible life
(T/F) Attitudes are often a matter of choice.
True
(T/F) If your manager ignores you, there is 40% chance that you are actively disengaged or filled with hostility about your job.
True
(T/F) The majority of police employees are ready to commit themselves-but only when they know why.
True
(T/F) When a team of Harvard researchers surveyed people about spending money on themselves, their spending on others, and their happiness, the team found that spending on oneself does not boost well-being.
True
(T/F) A compliance-based ethics program based on rules and regulations sends a disturbing message to the employees: "We don't respect your intelligence or trust you!"
True
(T/F) A good leader should ask, "What can I do to make your job easier?"
True
(T/F) A police department is practicing POP when it identifies substantive community problems, takes initiative in implementing solutions, and evaluates the effectiveness of solutions.
True
(T/F) A supervisor should never make a decision today that he or she can reasonably delay.
True
(T/F) All of the scientific evidence so far points to one conclusion-happiness is good for you and those around you.
True
(T/F) All police supervisors have authority, the right to command.
True
(T/F) All the frustrations to which police leaders and employees point when performance is reviewed can be summarized by two terms: reliability and validity.
True
(T/F) An example of a practical and preeminent police service value is reduce criminal victimization.
True
(T/F) As a leader, selecting the product, relationship, and job outcome that is good enough for you-regardless of what other think-is a surer route to life and job satisfaction.
True
(T/F) As people's knowledge of the police function increases, their respect for the police also increases.
True
(T/F) Building mental toughness, strengths, and strong relationships is capable of knocking out the effects of a bad event.
True
(T/F) Certain things in us change, but certain key things such as basic talents don't.
True
(T/F) Character is not all hereditary; it's the product of our values, our ethical decisions, and our conduct.
True
(T/F) Communication is our most important and learnable human skill.
True
(T/F) Community-Oriented Policing (COP) and Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) are not fads, but trends.
True
(T/F) Courageous members should openly communicate agreement and disagreement with their bosses.
True
(T/F) Currently, there is ample evidence that police performance systems work.
True
(T/F) Customized police services are part of COP.
True
(T/F) Ethical decision making is a skill that can be taught.
True
(T/F) Every time feelings and facts collide, feelings will bury the facts.
True
(T/F) Everyone must have the opportunity to grow career-wise, experience rewards for good work, enjoy their job, and sense being a valued part of their work team.
True
(T/F) Failure of a leader to enforce the rules due to a desire to remain popular or to avoid negative emotions can quickly bring that leader to ruin.
True
(T/F) Few police agencies are working hard to introduce tools and methods to actually help people make more intelligent decisions.
True
(T/F) If you change your perception paradigm, you change the experience of your body and your world.
True
(T/F) In a police organization anyone can exert leadership.
True
(T/F) It takes only one negative, self-centered jerk to drain the vitality and lower the morale of an entire work team.
True
(T/F) Leaders who do not know their purpose take on unnecessary projects that cause stress, fatigue, and hostility.
True
(T/F) Leading by objectives is essentially an ABC process that sets a course of desired direction-the objective, engages the person to proceed in that direction-the result, and promotes self-control via feedback.
True
(T/F) Most police leaders schedule all sorts of work and even family time, but woefully neglect their personal or leisure time.
True
(T/F) Most police managers and supervisors are fearful of really opening up and sharing their decision-making authority
True
(T/F) Most police personnel want to do the right thing.
True
(T/F) New science tells us that not only do we respond positively to smiles, but the bearer of the smile is equally-and often more -happy.
True
(T/F) No community can control a police agency as well as the agency itself.
True
(T/F) One way to change our values involves profound dissatisfaction.
True
(T/F) POP expects self-initiative on the part of each police employed to prevent or reduce community problems.
True
(T/F) POP places effectiveness first and efficiency second.
True
(T/F) Researchers have found that gains in productivity, happiness, and health have less to do with how much we're actually empowered and more to do with how much we think we're empowered.
True
(T/F) Science has demonstrated that our willpower (mental muscle) becomes depleted as we use it, and it draws from a single source of energy.
True
(T/F) Some may mistake participation for manipulation.
True
(T/F) Strength is said to be the ability to consistently provide near perfect performance.
True
(T/F) Stress is not only desirable but also essential to life
True
(T/F) The answer to willpower depletion is to shore it up with solid, reliable habits.
True
(T/F) The buy-in of a vision statement for a police department typically resides only with those who created it and with them alone.
True
(T/F) The clearest, most convincing message to the receiver is the one conveyed by an example.
True
(T/F) The distinctive characteristic of leaders (especially in a volatile police environment) is that the "know-why" occurs before the "know-how."
True
(T/F) The link between decision making and willpower works two ways: decision making depletes your willpower, and once your willpower is depleted, you're less able to make correct decisions.
True
(T/F) The more restricted the formal channels, the greater the growth of informal ones.
True
(T/F) The performance domain rating scale (PDRS) is job-related and thus does not fall prey to the inadequacies of a global rating scale.
True
(T/F) The police officer who decides to be a supervisor and chooses to be and becomes a leader requires a blending of authority and power.
True
(T/F) The research to-date has concluded that optimism promotes cardiovascular health and pessimism lowers it.
True
(T/F) The vast majority of all leadership failures are integrity failures.
True
(T/F) The worker who is managed by time, misses deadline dates, is late for work, or is unprepared to complete his or her tasks, probably behaves the same way in attempting to fulfill other life roles.
True
(T/F) There are three steps in apologizing: (1) describe what you did wrong, (2) say you're sorry, (3) tell them you'll never do it again.
True
(T/F) There is no such thing as "police ethics."
True
(T/F) Time management and self-management are synonymous.
True
(T/F) Trust and communications are directly linked to each other.
True
(T/F) Two basic laws of supervision are (1) whatever you allow you encourage, and (2) whatever employees will do for you, they will do to you.
True
(T/F) Vision thinking is tough; mission and strategy documentation is straightforward.
True
(T/F) We use willpower to exercise self-control of our thoughts, emotions, impulses, and performance.
True
(T/F) When considering citizen input, police managers hesitate because such evaluative findings are irrational.
True
(T/F) When delegating, known sanctions should exist for those who do not fulfill their duties.
True
(T/F) When making the really tough, gut-wrenching, soul-searching decisions, a supervisor should also carefully listen to his heart.
True
(T/F) When measuring outcomes, the emphasis should be on reducing crime and fear while increasing the quality of community life.
True
(T/F) When people describe your character or your set of competencies, they are most apt to first mention your signature strengths.
True
(T/F) You can be a police supervisor and a leader at the same time.
True
Without trust, there can be no empowerment. Within a police department, what is trust?
Trust is a moral duty, not a means to an end.
To have empathy for another person means that you _________.
Understand their viewpoint
Understanding human values serves four important functions for police personnel. Which is not one of them?
Union relations
Positive emotions actually can be valuable-even essential-for a police leader. Which statement below best describes how we can achieve positive emotions?
We have the power to create positive emotions
Both skill and effort are necessary to achieve accomplishment. Skill depends on the rate and type of learning, and this includes our cognitive processes. Our effort includes the amount of time and energy we're willing to commit to achieving something we value. According to research, which of the two ingredients is more powerful than the other when pursuing an accomplishment?
While our skill counts, our energy counts more.
Our self-discipline is dependent on our _________________.
Willpower
What is the main difference between delegation and empowerment?
Without delegation an organization can't function, while without empowerment an organization can function-but not very well.
Which statement below correctly states the premise regarding the changing of habits.
You can decide to change habits
You are a supervisor of an officer who is seeking more empowerment. Most other officers have been empowered within their assigned patrol beats. Your observations and that of his direct supervisor show that the officer has different values than that of the department and you don't trust the officer. What is the best decision that you should make regarding allowing this officer to be empowered?
You should micromanage them, not empower them
With rare exception, the number one issue that subordinates complain about when discussing teambuilding or the lack thereof is the _______________________________________.
failure to meaningfully communicate with one another
