Aging Exam 2

Based on prevalence data, older adults with bipolar disorder were most likely to have developed it by the time they reached the age of about:

A. 25

Research from the Institute of Highway Safety shows that older drivers in the U.S. faced with the challenge of making a left-hand turn while driving in a busy intersection are most likely to experience which outcome?

A. Having an accident

Considered a form of elder abuse, self-neglect can include which of the following behaviors?

A. Making poor financial decisions without help from others.

Psychologists may fail to recognize the symptoms of major depressive disorder in an older adult because they mistakenly assume that:

A. aging is naturally accompanied by greater feelings of sadness.

Research on videogame training in young adults shows that these games have the effect of improving:

A. attentional control.

Classifying groups of people studied in developmental research based on when they were born involves distinctions based on which type of categorization?

A. cohort

A researcher obtains information about one of her older participants in a study that suggests the participant may have difficulty driving. According to the ethical principle of ______________, however, she cannot report this to the participant's family.

A. confidentiality

According to research on _____________ memory, older adults are able to remember distinctive historical events as well as do younger adults.

A. flashbulb

The condition known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is used in cases involving:

A. memory loss that may progress to Alzheimer's disease.

When developing a treatment plan for an older adult with a psychological disorder, clinicians need to be mindful of the high rates of abuse in this age group of which substance?

A. prescription medications

In the U.S., Funding to provide support to Adult Protective Services, mandated by federal law to protect older adults, comes primarily from:

A. states.

The development of PTSD in older individuals previously exposed to combat is linked to risks of which physical health condition?

B. Heart disease

A British documentary film maker followed a group of children every 7 years starting when they were 7 years old and continuing to track them down through age 56. This film comes closest to which type of developmental research design?

B. Longitudinal

.A true Mediterranean diet would include relatively little of which type of food?

B. Milk

An older woman becomes so enraged at what she believes is poor service that she storms out of a restaurant and vows never to eat there again even though she's gone there for years, and there was nothing different about the way she was treated. What would a psychologist need to know in order to consider whether her behavior fits the criteria for abnormality?

B. Whether she really was treated poorly or not.

A 67-year-old woman is constantly organizing and re-organizing her kitchen cabinets, wanting every cup, plate, glass, and utensil to be in exactly the "right" place. Her behavior causes her distress, and although she would like to stop, she can't help herself. This behavior would be considered to be what type of psychological symptom?

B. compulsion

An older adult's ability to drive may be affected by which normal age-related changes in vision?

B. greater sensitivity to glare

According to the __________hypothesis about the effects of aging on attention, older adults take longer to respond because they are unable to ignore distracting or interfering stimuli:

B. inhibitory deficit

APA's geropsychology guidelines suggest that if clinicians are not familiar with a particular disorder affecting older adults, they should:

B. seek consultation with or referral to an expert.

Older adults who have a low sense of memory ________________, the feeling that they cannot perform well on a memory test, are likely to have poorer scores when their memory is actually tested.

B. self-efficacy

Vocabulary, factual information, and historical knowledge fall into the category of ____________ memory, a process not affected by aging.

B. semantic

Unlike the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), the International Classification of Diseases makes possible diagnosis of which conditions?

C. All medical illnesses

Age cannot be used as an independent variable in developmental research because:

C. It cannot be manipulated by the experimenter.

The role of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in the research process involves which procedures?

C. Requiring that researchers protect the rights of their participants.

The role of the central executive in working memory is to:

C. allocate cognitive resources to the task.

Of the following, which category of disorders has the highest lifetime prevalence?

C. anxiety

According to a survey on elder abuse in the U.S., which is the most frequent form of elder abuse committed by others to the older adult?

C. emotional

Students don't always like it when their professors ask them not to text or go on Facebook during class, saying it doesn't affect their comprehension of class material. However, based on the research it's fair to say that:

C. everyone performs more poorly after multitasking, though older adults are more affected than young adults.

Psychologists diagnosing Alzheimer's disease look for which key symptom in its early stage?

C. forgetting names of good friends or family

Research examining the relationship between memory and stress found that people who experience daily stresses, regardless of age, also are likely to:

C. have memory problems on the days they were stressed.

Ethical guidelines require that researchers obtain ________________ in which they provide information about a study's risks and benefits to each participant and then obtain their signature indicating they understand it:

C. informed consent

A factor in the driving behavior of older adults is that, compared to younger adults, they are more likely to:

C. know how to react in an emergency.

Clinicians seek to distinguish Alzheimer's disease from other neurocognitive disorders as soon as possible in their patients primarily because:

C. other disorders that look like Alzheimer's may be reversible if treated early on.

Which of the following is a sociocultural contributor to suicide risk in older adults?

C. stress

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that, in 2012, the highest fatality rates were for drivers ages:

D. 16-19.

In ________________ disease, the individual primarily suffers from disturbances in motor functioning, including having tremors, shuffling gait, and difficulties maintaining balance.

D. Parkinson's

25 Symptoms of depression in persons over the age of 65 are more likely to take which form compared to symptoms shown in younger adults?

D. Physical complaints.

The plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease are made up of which substance?

D. beta amyloid

While you are at rest, the brain's ____________ is at work, processing information that you generate internally.

D. default network

In the disorder known as _______________, individuals continually collect objects that they don't need, are unable to throw out those objects, and may clutter up their homes to the point of being almost unlivable.

D. hoarding

Older adults who eat a diet that includes food rich in ____________ are likely to experience some cognitive benefits.

D. omega-3

After completing a call to your wireless cellphone provider, you receive a follow-up call asking you to rate the customer service representative using a 5-point scale. This method of data collection is known as a(n):

D. opinion survey

Adults 65 and over are most likely to abuse what type of illicit substance?

D. prescription drugs

The model of self-regulation and driving predicts that an older adult will continue to drive depends on the psychological factors of:

D. self-confidence and need for independence.