Alterations of Electrolyte Balance

Which nursing statement is accurate when providing education to a post-menopausal patient who is at risk for hypercalcemia?

"It is important for us to monitor your serum parathyroid levels." A post-menopausal patient has an increased risk for hyperparathyroidism, which is the primary cause for hypercalcemia for this population.

Which serum sodium concentration should the nurse identify as hyponatremia?

130 mEq/L Hyponatremia is a serum sodium concentration that is less than 135 mEq/L.

Which serum sodium concentration should the nurse identify as hypernatremia?

150 mEq/L Hypernatremia is a serum sodium concentration that is greater than 145 mEq/L.

Which serum potassium concentrations would the nurse identify as hyperkalemia in the patient's medical record?

5.1 mEq/L A serum potassium concentration of 5.1 mEq/L is hyperkalemia. Therefore, the nurse would identify this as hyperkalemia. 5.5 mEq/L A serum potassium concentration of 5.5 mEq/L is hyperkalemia. Therefore, the nurse would identify this as hyperkalemia.

Which serum calcium concentrations should the nurse identify as abnormal?

7.9 mg/dL A serum calcium concentration of 7.9 mg/dL indicates hypocalcemia. 8.4 mg/dL A serum calcium concentration of 8.4 mg/dL indicates hypocalcemia. 10.6 mg/dL A serum calcium concentration of 10.6 mg/dL indicates hypercalcemia.

Which drug classification should the nurse identify as a cause of hyperkalemia?

ACE inhibitors ACE inhibitors is a drug classification that can cause hyperkalemia.

A patient is diagnosed with hypermagnesemia related to an increased intake of magnesium. Which topic should the nurse include when providing patient education regarding the cause of the condition?

Antacid use Antacid use is a cause of hypermagnesemia related to increased intake of magnesium. Magnesium-containing laxatives Excessive intake of magnesium-containing laxatives is a cause of hypermagnesemia related to increased intake of magnesium.

A patient is diagnosed with drug-related hyperphosphatemia. Which type of drug should the nurse include in the teaching session as the cause of the current diagnosis?

Cathartics Cathartics, a classification of laxatives, is a cause for hyperphosphatemia.

A patient is diagnosed with hypophosphatemia caused by an increased excretion of phosphate. Which probable cause for this condition should the nurse include in the teaching session with the patient?

Diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetic ketoacidosis is a cause for hypophosphatemia that is related to increased excretion of phosphate.

Which factors should the nurse identify as increasing a patient's risk for hypovolemic hyponatremia?

Diuretics Diuretic administration is one factor that increases a patient's risk for hypovolemic hyponatremia. Emesis Emesis is one factor that increases a patient's risk for hypovolemic hyponatremia. Diarrhea Diarrhea is one factor that increases a patient's risk for hypovolemic hyponatremia.

Which items found during the review of a medical history should the nurse identify as risk factors for hypocalcemia?

Inadequate dietary intake Inadequate dietary intake will lower the levels of calcium. This can cause hypocalcemia. Hypomagnesemia Hypomagnesemia may cause hypocalcemia due to the passive reabsorption of electrolytes caused by renal disease. Hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism causes a decrease in parathyroid hormone production, which causes hypocalcemia.

Which finding in the patient's medical history necessitates the nurse to provide education related to hypermagnesemia?

Leukemia Leukemia is one cause associated with the development of hypermagnesemia.

Which medical order should the nurse question for a patient experiencing hypokalemia?

Loop diuretic prescription Loop diuretics are a known cause for hypokalemia.

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with hypomagnesemia. Which cause for this condition should the nurse include in the patient teaching?

Loop diuretics Loop diuretics is one cause for hypomagnesemia the nurse should include in the teaching session for a patient with hypomagnesemia.

Which causes, related to poor intake of phosphate, should the nurse include in a teaching session for a patient who is diagnosed with hypophosphatemia?

Phosphate-binding antacids Phosphate-binding antacids is one cause for hypophosphatemia related to poor intake of phosphate. Alcoholism Alcoholism is one cause for hypophosphatemia related to poor intake of phosphate. Malabsorption syndrome Malabsorption is one cause for hypophosphatemia related to poor intake of phosphate.

Which should the nurse include in a patient-teaching session as the most common cause for hyperphosphatemia?

Poor kidney function Poor kidney function is a cause for hyperphosphatemia.

Which data should the nurse identify as placing a patient at risk for hypovolemic hyponatremia?

Profuse diaphoresis Profuse diaphoresis is a risk factor for hypovolemic hyponatremia.

Which should the nurse identify as a primary cause of hypocalcemia?

Protein depletion Protein depletion is a primary cause of hypocalcemia.

When conducting patient education related to the causes of hypermagnesemia, which cause should the nurse include in the teaching session?

Renal failure Renal failure is a primary cause of hypermagnesemia.

Which disease process should the nurse identify as the cause of the patient's serum potassium concentration of 5.3 mEq/L?

Severe infections Severe infections, causing the release of intracellular potassium, are a cause of hyperkalemia.