American Civics and Government - Checkpoints

Which of the following are characteristics of feudalism?

-Bonds of obedience tying individuals together from tenant, to warrior, to noble -Elevated status of a specialized warrior class -Use of servient tenement

Match. 1) Grassroots 2) Suffrage 3) Abolition

1) A movement driven by a local community's political ideas and objectives 2) The right to vote in political elections 3) The act of ending the institution and practice of slavery

1) Monarch 2) Regicide 3) Religious toleration 4) Persecution

1) A person who rules an empire or kingdom 2) Killing a king 3) Allowing people to think about deities as they wish and pratice the religious they choose. 4) Hostile or unfair treatment of a person or group, usually based on their face, religioun, or political beliefs.

1) Pennsylvania 2) Virginia 3) Massachusetts

1) Colony that practiced religious toleration, promoting a creative atmosphere and cultural and economic development 2) Colony that became economically independent through production of a cash crop, which led to the creation of a representative democracy 3) Colony founded through the settlement of those escaping persecution, which led ecomoic prosperity through a spirit of hard work and merchant shipping

Match. 1) Commission 2) Mayor-Council 3) Council-Manager

1) Form of government in which a board of members serves as both executive and legislative branches of the city 2) Form of government in which the mayor acts as the executive branch of the city, and the council acts as the legislative branch 4) Form of government with an elected council that serves as a legislative body for the city

Match the term to the definition 1) Political parties 2) Constituents 3) Special interest groups

1) Groups of citizens who share common political ideas and work to achieve shared goals through political activity, especially election to office 2) Individuals who live and/or vote in a particular district represented by an elected individual 3) Also known as pressure groups, these associations seek to influence legislation based on their interests

Match. 1) Resulting powers 2) Expressed powers 3) Implied powers

1) Powers resulting from the application of other powers from the Constitution 2) Powers directly assigned to the federal government by the Constitution 3) Powers indirectly assigned to the federal government by the Constitution

1) The Inquisition 2) The Crusades 3) Holy Days 4) Christendom

1) This tribunal confronted those who contradicted the teachings of the church 2) This proved that the Roman Catholic Church had the power to unite European nations in a common goal 3) With this requirement, the church held power over landowners plus provided educational and restful festivals for peasants. 4) During the Middle Ages, this included the idea that government supports and upholds Christian values

What was the outcome of the Supreme Court's ruling for Brown v. Board?

Brown V. Board overturned the "separate but equal" ruling of Plessy V. Ferguson

For most of its history, Scottish society was held together by the __________.

Clan system

How did Lord Edward Coke's interpretation of English common law lead to the creation of the Declaration of Independence?

Colonists defended their right to representation through Lord Coke's interpretation of the Magna Carta

What led Jamestown to establish one of the first representative democracies?

Creating their own laws

The right to free speech is currently under scrutiny in the virtual world because of __________.

Cyber-bullying

Adam Smith believed that a nation's wealth was __________.

Derived from the acquisition of gold and land

Which of the following are elements of the mission of the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)?

Education, patriotism

How did Alexander Hamilton defend his belief that the federal government had the authority to create a national bank?

Hamilton believed that the Constitution's implied and resulting powers allowed for federal authority to create the bank.

Why is John C. Calhoun generally credited with coining the phrase "states' rights"?

He argued against federal interference with southern slavery

How did Frank Kameny stand up for his rights?

He fought against his dismissal from the US Army for his sexual orientation

Which of the following groups do not have civil liberties protected under the United States Constitution?

None of the answers choices are correct. ((Minorities, illegal immigrants, women))

How did the Romans influence the creation of a representative government and written law? (Select all that apply.)

Partial: - Establishing schools to insure that elected officials were educated - Writing down the law and making it available to the public - Allowing elected leaders to speak for the citizens they represented

What are some of the similarities between the Magna Carta and the United States Constitution? (Select all that apply.)

Partial: - Provided a three-branch government - Trial by jury of one's peers - Separation of church and state - Social contract between the government and the governed

How did Martin Luther's publication of his 95 Theses affect European understanding of government?

Partial: -Martin Luther's proclamation of forming a relationship with God led to the petition of monarchs and to self-governance. -Protestant churches established local governing bodies, or councils.

Which two complaints led to the Protestant Reformation?

Partial: -The duties of local clergy in various European countries -The demand for local governance of churches

How did Europeans' views of the universe as a large machine change how people viewed government?

People believed that government also operated like a machine, and that individuals only needed reason to determine how to govern themselves.

__________ is the act of gathering signatures to show support for changing an existing law or creating a new law.

Petitioning

The campaign against the Affordable Care Act was justified using the idea of __________.

States' rights

Where can United States citizens find their civil liberties listed?

The Bill of Rights

What were the expectations of the British from the Albany Congress in 1754?

The British sought the aid of their North American colonies to fight the French

How was the idea of Christendom instrumental in improving Charlemagne's reign?

The Catholic Church provided Charlemagne with educated clergymen to help advise him in governmental policies.

Which provisions of the English Bill of Rights appear in the Constitution?

The Crown cannot make war without the consent of the legislative branch, Citizens have the right to bear arms, and Cruel and unusual punishment cannot be inflicted on those imprisoned.

Which of the following led to the decline of feudalism in Europe?

The Protestant Reformation, the Peasants' Revolt, the Black Plague, the Crusades

In which work did Rousseau state that surrendering individual rights for the good of all would create equality for everyone?

The Social Contract

Which work by Montesquieu was inspired by England's constitutional monarchy?

The Spirit of the Laws

How did the Supreme Court limit federal overreach in Bond v. United States?

The Supreme Court ruled that the Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act applies to nations, not individuals.

What was the significance of Gibbons v. Ogden?

The case identified federal authority over interstate commerce.

What was the impact of Plessy v. Fergusson on states' rights?

The case upheld a state's right to enact legislation to separate people based on ethnicity

How did the Catholic Church promote Charlemagne's right to rule?

The church stated that Charlemagne was a physical manifestation of God on Earth and was appointed by God to rule.

How has the Tenth Amendment strengthened the Necessary and Proper Clause of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution?

The federal government can legally expand its power as circumstances arise.

What is Federalism?

The idea that a group of entities, like states, are bound together in a contract or covenant

Oliver Cromwell's enforcement of religious toleration extended to __________.

The repatriation of English Jews

What was the significance of the Peasants' Revolt?

The revolt showed the ruling classes that the peasants had the ability to wrest power from the nobility.

What did the Second Charter of Virginia provide to the colonists?

The rights to establish a representative government

What prompted the creation of the Second Charter of Virginia?

The success of the Jamestown colony

What effect does amassing large amounts of gold have on a country?

The value of gold decreases

What was the significance of the Law of the Twelve Tables?

These laws were simple to understand and were made available to the citizens.

Why did the Anti-Federalists want to pass the Ninth Amendment?

They wanted to ensure that the feredal government did not expand its powers beyond the explicit duties states in the constitution simply because certain rights of citizens were not mentioned.

How did settlement houses improve the community?

Those in need could gain access to important services to help improve their lives.

The printing press helped people to __________.

Understand their religion by reading affordably printed Bibles

What are ways in which political parties and special interest groups help citizens legally express their needs?

- Engaging in planned protests - Participating in political campaigns

1) Aristocracy 2) Timocracy 3) Oligarchy 4) Tyranny 5) Mobocracy

1) A government in which power is held by the most qualified individuals who have no interest in monetary gain 2) A government based on principles of military glory; rulers include military personnel 3) A government consisting of a small group of people 4) A government established through one person coming to power in order to maintain order but exercising power in an unjust manner 5) A government that replaced rulers who mistreated the masses and became a system where the lower classes vote for how the government should be run.

What type of government was created by the Articles of Confederation?

A collection of 13 states tied together in a loose union

How did Oliver Cromwell open the halls of government to citizens?

Abolishing the House of Lords, abolishing the monarchy

Why did the United States align with Great Britain rather than France after the passage of the Constitution?

Alexander Hamilton sought to align with Great Britian for economic reasons

In what ways do cities provide support for local businesses? (Select all that apply.)

Cities often allow companies to establish monopolies for essential services, cities offer contract work to private businesses, cities can provide incentives, like tax breaks, to entice new businesses.

Which right was guaranteed by the English Bill of Rights?

Citizens had the right to request action from the Crown without punishment.

How did the election of church officials in the Reformed Church influence government?

Elected church officials were answerable to their constituents, which became a part of secular government.

In which of the following ways does the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) exemplify democracy?

Encouraging civic involvement and engagement with the government

Which of the following is a direct responsibility of citizens of the United States government?

Engaging civic duties

In Candide, Voltaire concludes that people should trust the teachings of the church, rather than rely on their own judgment to change their existence.

False

What services did the Catholic Church provide to ease the burden of peasants serving under feudalism?

Festivals, healthcare, education

Which socioeconomic system operated for centuries in Japan and Europe?

Feudalism

Which two events were the foundations of the women's suffrage movement in the United States?

Formation of Liberty Party, Seneca Falls Convention

Which document written by Locke was about representative democracy and religious freedom?

Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

Which identifies a result of the Scientific Revolution?

Government became understood as a natural process and could be changed and improved upon.

How did Pericles encourage Athenians to take responsibility in government?

He advised them to write their own constitution.

What led King John I to sign the Magna Carta?

He wanted to maintain peace with the nobles.

Jane Addams helped the community of Chicago by __________.

Improving education, reforming labor laws, fighting for minority laws

What was the significance of the Thirteenth Amendment?

It banned slavery in the United States

How did Confucian philosophy improve government?

It led to the development of an examination system for selecting government officials.

What is the significance of the Fourth Amendment?

It protects people from unlawful searches and seizures

Why did Thomas Jefferson believe that the creation of a national bank was unconstitutional?

Jefferson believed that any power not expressly delegated to the federal government by the Constitution should be reserved to the states or the people.

At which level of government is the lowest percentage of civic engagement?

Local

Which French prince was invited to invade England?

Louis

__________ are legally organized areas where people live, typically cities or towns that have the power of self-government.

Municipalities

Which amendment gave the right to vote to citizens regardless of gender?

Nineteenth

The __________ promoted Charlemagne's divine right to rule.

Not: Church of England ((Catholic Church??))

What is the significance of the freegan movement?

Not: Freegans promote the need for civic responsibility at the local level through volunteering their time

The __________ in 1649 ensured that true religious toleration was achieved in the colonies.

Not: Magna Carta

Which identifies the impact of the Renaissance?

Not: Philosophical research by Renaissance thinkers promoted the advancement of Greek ideologies on the formation of government.

What was the significance of McCulloch v. Maryland?

Not: The case identified federal authority over interstate commerce.

How did the Pilgrims influence the notion of representative democracy?

Not: The government was a true democracy representing all members of society

The American Indian Movement used collective action in which of the following protest movements?

Occupying Alcatraz, taking control of the Pine Ridge Reservation

Federalism refers to a political concept __________.

Of a covenant binding together a group

Why did Benjamin Franklin change Thomas Jefferson's original phase of "We hold these truths to be sacred" to "We hold these truths to be self-evident"?

Only through reason could a new nation protect the rights of the people

__________ argued that the Equal Protection Clause found in the Fourteenth Amendment already included women citizens.

Phyllis Schlafly

Which of the following are types of volunteer opportunities?

Planting a tree, school fund raisers, sending items to members of the armed services

In what ways did African Americans protest racial discrimination after World War II?

Protesting, sit-ins, boycotts

Horace Mann believed that through education, citizens could __________.

Put fully into practice the freedoms provided through the Constitution

Why is it important for citizens to contact their representatives to have their voices be heard?

Representatives cannot reach out to all their constituents.

How did the United States change after the Brown ruling?

Schools were slowly desegregated

In Plessy v. Ferguson the Supreme Court held that __________.

Seperate facilities for African Americans did not violate the Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments

Which issue helped form the earliest political parties in the United States?

Slavery

What are some national programs that enable people to volunteer?

Social Innovation Fund, United We Serve, AmeriCorps

Why has the Tenth Amendment often been referred to as the "States' Rights" Amendment?

States have argued that the Tenth Amendment gives them power to override particular federal decisions or policies.

__________ became the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court.

Thurgood Marshall

Why did Machiavelli advocate the use of force by a ruler?

To lessen the chance of revolt within the ruler's domain and ensure a prolonged reign

Why was the Tenth Amendment created?

To limit federal overreach

Segregation laws hindered the education of African Americans during the early 20th century.

True

Which theological teaching stated that the church and the state are two separate spheres of influence that can advise one another, but each is its own distinct area?

Two kingdoms doctrine

If citizens cannot elicit support from a local representative, what are other ways in which they can change local laws?

Writing a bill, protesting