american government hsa

The state of Maryland is a leader in environmental preservation and restoration. For example, Maryland aims to protect the state's farmland and other natural resources while enhancing existing communities. Select the three government actions or strategies that would help meet these aims

- improve public transportation - create bicycle lanes along highways - design workplaces and homes in the same buildings

What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

Felonies are more serious crimes with more severe punishments.

Which statement describes a characteristic of federalism?

It puts limits on the power of the national government.

The federal government sets a limit on the number of individuals who can receive temporary visas (permits) to immigrate to the United States as seasonal workers. What is the most likely effect this policy will have on Maryland businesses that employ workers on a seasonal basis?

It will limit their ability to expand.

Which headline illustrates civil law?

Mother Sues Grocery Store after Slipping on Spill

What is the opportunity cost for state governments that spend state money during natural disasters?

Other services offered by the states may have to be cut.

Claim: A growing economy can help small businesses expand. Which source provides the best evidence for the claim?

Source D

Which of these situations describes a tort involving negligence?

The roofer was bitten by Mr. Jones's dog while working at the house.

Which of these statements about presidential executive orders is true?

They have the force of federal law.

The United States is concerned about human rights abuses in a South American country. Which of these organizations might the United States work with to investigate this concern?

United Nations

Which headline best illustrates an example of representative democracy?

West Virginia Holds Special Election to Choose New U.S. Senator

Which of these is most closely associated with an economic recession?

a decrease in demand for labor

Which of these persons would the United States government count as unemployed?

an accountant who quits her job to look for other work

The process of amending the Constitution is an example of federalism because it requires

approval of two-thirds of Congress and three-fourths of the states

Which of these is a power shared by the federal and state governments?

enforcing laws

The United States protects its national security most directly by

entering into military alliances

Which of these principles of government is used by the U.S. Supreme Court when it rules that a law is unconstitutional?

judicial review

"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution thereof, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people thereof."Article 3, Declaration of Rights, Constitution of Maryland. What principle of government is best reflected in the article above?

limited government

Which of these would be the most effective way for a special interest group to gain nationwide attention for its cause?

make a television commercial

Which of these is most often encouraged by the government in a command economy?

national production goals

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, or gender. Which of these would be a violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

operating segregated restaurants

Which type of government provides the best protection of individual rights?

parliamentary democracy

Which situation would require a state to redraw its congressional districts?

population shifts shown by the US census

what principle of the government is supported by the excerpt? - maryland constitution, article 3

representative government

Author of Source C, Mike Lane, worked as a political cartoonist from 1972-2009. Lane's cartoons usually attacked political greed and corruption. Mike Lane most likely believed that NAFTA was

responsible for the decline of U.S. manufacturing.

"Oh, I'm not broken down. I just thought you'd be cheaper than buying gas..." This cartoon best illustrates which economic concept?

scarcity (?)

Which issue would a candidate most likely address to attract the votes of senior citizens?

social security benefits

Recently, the State of Maryland chose to make more decisions regarding land use state-wide. Which of these actions is least likely to be part of this new role?

taking money away from conservation projects

Why is the United States a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

to participate in a mutual defense alliance

what is the main purpose of affirmative action policies.

to promote equal opportunities.

UNITED STATES SETS HIGH TAXES ON IMPORTED LUMBER. Which of these is a purpose of this action by the United States?

to protect the United States lumber industry

Congress plans to pass legislation designed to prevent the use of the internet to steal personal information. What is the most likely reason Congress would take this action?

to protect the public from becoming victims of identity fraud

Which of these best describes why the government often requires the construction of wheelchair ramps in certain types of buildings?

to provide equity of access for all citizens

Which of these is a purpose of Social Security?

to provide income for retirees

The goal of a Washington, D.C., area program is to encourage the use of vehicles that use alternative fuels. What is a purpose of this program?

to reduce pollution from emissions

Why would candidates most likely use digital communications during election campaigns?

to share ideas directly with voters

"Source B was published by the Congressional Budget Office, which is a nonpartisan organization that analyzes proposed legislation. The organization hires its employees solely on the basis of skill, rather than political belief." The origin of Source B most likely suggests that the provided information

uses factual information not intended to persuade readers.

Which government body makes decisions about where new homes and businesses may be located?

zoning board

An individual accused of stealing identities on the Internet was held without formal charges. Which excerpt from the U.S. Constitution best applies to this situation?

"The right of the people to be secure . . . against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated. . . ."

which of these excerpts from the declaration of independence is most reflected in the 17th amendment.

"deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed..."

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.— That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,—That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath [shown] that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed." —Declaration of Independence, 1776 Which two phrases best exemplify the principle of popular sovereignty?

- "Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed . . ." - "it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government . . ."

Which two newspaper headlines refer to the Supreme Court decision in Baker v. Carr (1962)?

- Federal Courts Gain Power: Can Evaluate Redistricting - Supreme Court Decision Serves as Basis for New Apportionment Lawsuits

"Sure, you can grow to be president...but for real power consider becoming a lobbyist." Which two claims are best supported by the political cartoon?

- Lobbyists have significant power in influencing government decisions. - Legislative actions become more transparent with the involvement of lobbyists. (maybe???)

Which two newspaper headlines provide the best examples of diplomacy?

- Senate Confirms Ambassador Nominations - President Visits Southeast Asia to Mediate Peace Treaty

Select the three characteristics of a command economy.

- The government owns the land and natural resources of the country. - The laws of supply and demand are typically ignored. - The government controls the means of production, including factories.

Which two types of government are generally considered to be most efficient in their decision-making processes?

- dictatorship

Claim: NAFTA has changed the export patterns of U.S. agricultural products. Which change described in Source B supports this claim?

A U.S. consumers now purchase twice as much fruit from Mexico and Canada. B Mexican-grown avocados are now available in the United States. C Vegetables are now often transported out of Canada to the United States by truck. D Mexico is now the largest market for U.S.-grown apples and pears.

Which of these was an opinion held by Anti-Federalists to the Constitution of 1787?

A bill of rights should be added to the Constitution.

Which of these is an example of plea-bargaining?

A defendant admits guilt to a less serious charge instead of being tried for a more serious one.

Which of these situations best demonstrates the principle of majority rule?

A state conducts a referendum to pass an education bill.

Which perspective about ARRA is most evident in Source C?

ARRA has not rapidly increased job opportunities.

During wartime, the writ of habeas corpus can be suspended in some areas allowing the arrest and holding persons without charging them with a specific crime. Based on this event, which of these conclusions is accurate?

Citizens may lose some civil rights during emergencies.

What action could Congress take to continue the result described in the headline in the image? ("GDP rises 3%")

Decrease income taxes

The political institution in Maryland most like the United States Congress is the

General Assembly

Which of these is most associated with an authoritarian government?

Government leaders have absolute power.

Many states require people who receive public assistance to work in exchange for payments. Which of these statements is most likely a goal of this requirement?

Individuals will have an opportunity to learn new skills and get jobs.

What is one benefit of an open primary?

It allows those not associated with any particular political party to vote.

Which of these statements about the United Nations (UN) is true?

Its goals include international stability

In Bethel v. Fraser (1986), the Supreme Court ruled schools do not have to tolerate speech by students if the content is considered offensive. This decision impacted the rights of students established by the Supreme Court's ruling in

New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985).

"The President wants me to argue that he is as powerful a monarch as Louis XIV, only four years at a time, and is not subject to the processes of any court in the land except the court of impeachment." —attorney James St. Clair Part A: Which court case is being referred to in this quotation? Part B: Which two statements best describe the impact of the Supreme Court case related to this quotation?

Part A: United States v. Nixon (1974) Part B: - Presidents must comply with any legitimate demands of the other branches of government. - The use of executive privilege is limited to certain specific boundaries.

Which of these explains a difference between political parties and interest groups?

Political parties address many issues, while interest groups usually focus on one issue.

Read the passage to answer the question: "A member of the General Assembly shall be elected by the registered voters of the legislative or delegate district from which he seeks election . . ."—Maryland Constitution, Article 3. Which principle of government is supported by this excerpt?

Representative democracy

Which federal policy would violate the powers reserved to the states?

Requiring states to teach a specific curriculum

Which of these incidents led to the United States Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines?

School authorities suspended students for wearing black armbands as a protest.

What is a reason people join third parties?

The Democratic and Republican parties do not represent their views

2002 -- Congress passes the McCain-Feingold Act. This law includes limits on the use of "issue ads" by interest groups during a campaign. 2007 -- The Supreme Court declares that limiting the use of "issue ads" during a campaign is unconstitutional. Which of these arguments would a supporter of the Supreme Court's 2007 decision make?

The McCain-Feingold Act violates freedom of speech. (maybe.. idk)

Which one of these is an example of checks and balances?

The Senate rejects a presidential nominee to the Supreme Court.

Students at a state college recently decided to boycott the school cafeteria after an increase in the price of sodas. Which outcome would be the most likely impact of the students' actions?

The college lowers the price of soda.

Based on the excerpt, how does the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act increase market competition?

The consumer has more information to make decisions.

Which statement best explains why this cartoon illustrates a mixed economy?

The government tells a private business how much to pay its employees.

What is the most likely result when the same political party controls both houses of Congress and the presidency?

There will be fewer conflicts over proposed legislation.

Which of these is a similarity between the United State Constitution and the Declaration of Independence?

They both say that government gains authority from the people.

In Bethel v. Fraser (1986), the Supreme Court ruled schools do not have to tolerate speech by students if the content is considered offensive. This decision impacted the rights of students established by the Supreme Court's ruling in

Tinker v. Des Moines (1969).

Which federal court only exercises original jurisdiction to hear cases?

U.S. Supreme Court

Which specific action is protected by the U.S. Bill of Rights?

a journalist publishing an article that exposes government corruption

The United States Constitution is called a "living document" because it

can be changed when needed

Which type of government is most likely the focus of this political cartoon? - voters at ballot boxes

dictatorship

The Maryland government is expanding a major highway to reduce traffic congestion. The state will take the private property it needs and compensate the owners for their land. Which of these allows the government action described above?

eminent domain

Which of these is an example of an economic sanction?

ending trade with a country that has a poor human rights record

The data in this graph support the claim that the primary purpose of U.S. foreign aid is to

ensure domestic safety by promoting peace abroad.

"If a foreign country can supply us with a [product] cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it [from] them . . ." Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 1776. Based on the excerpt, which of these government actions would the author likely support?

entering into free trade agreements

When a person is denied a job on the basis of race, gender, or religion, it is considered a violation of

equal protection.

"To help fight poverty, Maryland has passed a law raising the minimum wage for employees of private businesses doing contract work for the state." Which socioeconomic goal is most directly addressed by the law described in the information?

equity

Which Maryland executive office is most like the chief executive office of the United States?

governor

Which situation is a violation of the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

holding a suspect in jail without charges

Scientists predict an increase in the number of poor air quality days in baltimore maryland. what action can maryland's state government take to address this situation.

increase funding for public transportation.

The mass media is sometimes referred to as "the fourth branch of the government" because it

influences public opinion

A bill was introduced in Congress to stop aid to countries that oppose United States policy in the United Nations General Assembly. Which of these issues most directly relates to this bill?

influencing policies in world organizations

No freeman [person] shall be taken or imprisoned...or outlawed, or banished, or in any way destroyed, unless by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. . ." ~Magna Carta, 1215. Which of these principles found in the Bill of Rights is based on the Magna Carta?

limited government

Look at the flowchart image to the right. Based on the information in the diagram, which of these best describes the system of government of Mexico?

presidential democracy

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 requires that all schools receiving federal funds give male and female students equal opportunities in instruction and extracurricular activities. Which situation is in violation of this legislation?

prohibiting girls from playing varsity football

"U.S. President Signs Agreement with European Country - U.S. to Purchase New Military Technology" The President most likely took the action mentioned in this headline to

protect the national security of the United States.

Which of these activities is most likely performed by political parties?

raising campaign money

Agents from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) have arrested a suspect in a number of bank robberies. Before bringing charges against this suspect, the government must first

receive an indictment from a grand jury.

Over the past 50 years, many Americans have moved from the Northeast and the Midwest to the South and the West. As a result of this population shift, the South and the West have gained influence(seats) in:

the House of Representatives

Which of these is part of the legislative branch of the United States government?

the House of Representatives

which outcome would be the most likely impact of the students' actions?

the college lowers the price of soda.

Which of these constitutional rights was the basis for the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

the right to equal protection under the law

which amendment to the US constitution best reflects the principle of representative democracy.

the senate of united states shall be composed of two senators from each state elected by people thereof, for six years.

"November 15, 1990, marks a milestone in Clean Air Act history . . . [This milestone was] the signing of the 1990 Amendments. These amendments set the stage for protecting the ozone layer, reducing acid rain and toxic [substances], and improving air quality and visibility." —"Celebrating the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990," Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) What was the primary purpose of these amendments?

to decrease pollution

Which of these is a responsibility of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?

to evaluate the contents of medications

Which of these describes why this act was passed?

to help buyers make educated choices

"This photograph shows a 2017 rally in Maryland." What was the most likely goal of this environmental rally?

to influence public policy in the state

". . . to place qualified individuals with mental disabilities in community settings . . . The Federal Government must . . . help ensure that all Americans have the opportunity to live close to their families and friends and to participate in community life." ~Executive Order 13217. What was the purpose of the executive order above?

to protect the rights of individuals