American Government Quiz 2

The first woman ever to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court was appointed by O President Truman. O President Eisenhower. O President Kennedy. O President Reagan. O President Carter.

President Reagan

through its Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court O ruled that "free land" made "free men." O upheld free Blacks' rights of citizenship. O upheld the principles of the Missouri Compromise. O soothed sectarian tensions. O ruled that Congress could not outlaw slavery anywhere in the United States.

ruled that Congress could not outlaw slavery anywhere in the United States

In Lochner v. New York (1905), the Supreme Court ruled that O the doctrine of separate but equal was constitutional. O state regulation of labor practices violated firms' property rights. O the Fourth Amendment did not apply to interstate commerce. O factory practices could only be regulated by the states. O factory practices could only be regulated by the federal government

state regulation of labor practices violated firms' property rights

Which of the following is a concurrent power held by both the national government and state governments? O chartering local governments O issuing currency O taxation O foreign affairs O national defense

taxation

the Tenth Amendment addressed the concerns of Anti-Federalists about O individual freedoms. O the meaning of the commerce clause. O popular representation in Congress. O the powers of state governments. O the Electoral College.

the powers of state governments

In 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment in which case? O Obergefell v. Hodges O Loving v. Virginia O Grutter v. Bollinger O Shelby County v. Holder O Lau v. Nichols

Obergefell v. Hodges

Native Americans were denied citizenship in the United States until O 1789. O 1856. O 1924. O 1972. O 1998

1924

The Supreme Court's ruling in the Swann case on busing differed from the Brown decision in that Swann O addressed the problem of de facto discrimination. O applied to many northern communities in addition to communities in the South. O sanctioned the use of busing in desegregation. O dealt specifically with the issue of busing. O All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following is true? O Public schools are more racially segregated now than they were at the beginning of forced busing programs. O Busing was found to improve student's racial attitudes and minority students' performance on standardized tests. O The migration of large numbers of white families from urban to suburban schools has made it more difficult to desegregate urban schools. O The Supreme Court prohibited forced busing across school district lines in cases where those lines were not drawn deliberately to keep races apart. O All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct

In 2010, the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from O Europe. O Asia. O Latin America. O Africa. O Australia.

Latin America

During the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the important speech about the dream of an America where people are judged by character and not skin color was delivered by O Jesse Jackson. O Martin Luther King Jr. O Thurgood Marshall. O John F. Kennedy. O Robert F. Kennedy

Martin Luther King Jr

Which statement about women's rights is correct? O The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was ratified by the necessary 38 states in 1982. O The women's rights movement began in the era of World War I and within a few years achieved voting rights for women. O Women have made clear gains in the areas of appointive and elective offices. O "Comparable worth polices" that might have benefited women workers have been invalidated by the Supreme Court. O All of these answers are correct

Women have made clear gains in the areas of appointive and elective offices

Sovereignty refers to O a government headed by a king. O a division of authority between the national government and the states. O supreme and final governing authority. O subnational (state) governments. O None of these answers are correct

a supreme and final governing authority

The central issue in the Bakke case was O school desegregation. O sexual harassment. O affirmative action. O Native Americans' civil rights. O comparable worth.

affirmative action

McCulloch v. Maryland O ruled in favor of state-centered federalism. O asserted that the necessary and proper clause was a restriction on the power of the national government. O affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law. O established the Supreme Court's power to judge constitutional issues. O allowed for a narrow reading of the Constitution.

affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law

A federal system is one where O constitutional authority is centralized in a national government. O constitutional authority is decentralized, only residing in state governments. O constitutional authority is divided between a national government and state governments. O constitutional authority is unlimited. O constitutional authority is divided among multiple branches of the national government.

constitutional authority is divided between a national government and state governments

In applying the reasonable-basis test, courts tend to O require government only to show that a particular law is reasonable. O assess whether a law had the support of a two-thirds majority of legislators at the time of passage. O determine whether a law is working well and, if so, to allow it to remain in effect. O prohibit any law that results in the unequal treatment of Americans. O interpret the equal protection clause in a strict manner.

require government only to show that a particular law is reasonable

Housing in America O falls largely outside the scope of the law—people are free to rent or sell property to whomever they want. O is an area where equality in practice is now nearly a reality; people of similar incomes, regardless of race or color, find it equally easy to qualify for home mortgages. O is an unimportant civil rights issue, since housing patterns almost completely reflect the personal preferences of people and are not substantially influenced by past or present racial bias. O continues to evidence a high degree of racial segregation. O None of these answers are correct.

continues to evidence a high degree of racial segregation

A public policy program on which national, state, and local policymakers collaborate is an example of O dual federalism. O cooperative federalism. O unitary federalism. O confederal federalism. O cosponsor federalism.

cooperative federalism

What is an example of 21st-century Republican efforts to shift power back from the federal government to the states? O tax cuts for the richest Americans O an increase in spending on national security O passage of the $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief bill O dismantling of the Affordable Care Act

dismantling of the Affordable Care Act

The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling (1954) held that racial segregation in schools violated the O due process clause of the Fifth Amendment. O due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. O equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. O Civil Rights Act. O establishment clause of the First Amendment

equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

The enumerated powers in Article I of the Constitution were intended to O limit the powers of the state governments. O ensure that neither small nor large states would be at a disadvantage. O ensure that neither northern nor southern states would be at a disadvantage. O establish a government strong enough to forge a union that was secure in its defense and stable in its economy. O limit the power of the presidency.

establish a government strong enough to forge a union that was secure in its defense and stable in its economy

According to the Anti-Federalists, too strong of a national government meant O eventual encroachment upon the sovereignty of the states. O that a new constitutional convention would have to convene every few years. O that a monarchy was preferable to a republic. O that effective commerce between and among the states was an impossibility. O that slavery would be abolished immediately

eventual encroachment upon the sovereignty of the states

The Constitution allows states to O raise an army in peacetime. O print money. O make commercial agreements with other states without the consent of Congress. O govern intrastate commerce. O govern interstate commerce.

govern intrastate commerce

The elastic clause is related to which of the following concepts? O enumerated powers O reserved powers O implied powers O concurrent powers O All these answers are correct.

implied powers

Until 2020, job discrimination against LGBTQ workers was O legal in many states. O explicitly supported in the Constitution. O unheard of. O explicitly prohibited by federal law. O explicitly prohibited in most state constitutions.

legal in many states

In the case of United States v. Virginia (1996), the Supreme Court ruled that O strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses. O private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation. O male-only admissions policy at a state-supported military academy was unconstitutional. O because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities, the schools in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices. O colleges affiliated with a particular religion could not take the religious persuasion of job candidates into consideration during the hiring process.

male-only admissions policy at a state-supported military academy was unconstitutional

Which of the following is a national power only? O law enforcement O intrastate commerce O borrowing money O transportation O national defense

national defense

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 O expired in the late 1990s. O prohibits discrimination in voting and voter registration. O was strengthened by the 2013 Supreme Court decision Shelby County v. Holder. O applies only to federal elections, not state and local elections. O has no significant provisions for enforcement.

prohibits discrimination in voting and voter registration

Which of the following is almost exclusively a state power? O chartering banks O delivering mail O law enforcement O registering voters O loaning money

registering voters