American h Final

What was a result of religious dissent during the colonial period?

"Freedom of conscience" rose to the level of a natural right.

According to Adam Smith, what drives the market?

"Self-love" or "self-interest"

According to President Wilson, why did the United States enter World War I?

"make the world safe for democracy."

World War I began in 1914 and ended in 1918. In what year did the US become involved?

1917

In 1920, women gained the right to vote throughout the US by which Constitutional amendment?

19th

Representatives in Congress serve year terms.

2

Senators serve year terms.

6

The rule of law can be described as what?

A body of law that is applied equally to all citizens

What did the patriot philosophers come to believe that the nature of man was?

A combination of virtue, self-interest, and corruptibility.

What was there about democracy as a form of government that worried the Founding Fathers?

A democracy is plagued by its own excesses—it is too susceptible to the passions of the people.

Once elected in 1861, what did President Abraham Lincoln proclaim?

A hope that compromise and attachment to the Union might avoid war.

In Federalist 51, James Madison argued that the Constitution provided what?

A political system of auxiliary precautions to protect against the failure of public virtue.

What did Lyndon Johnson mean when he spoke about a "Great Society"?

A society in which all problems of poverty and discrimination could be solved and eliminated.

All but one of the following describes something that could cause a recession. Choose the one that would NOT cause a recession.

A steady increase in overall demand.

Which of the following promoted the democratization of American government?

Abolition of property owning requirements

Which of the following men stated that it is self-love or self-interest, a desire to make a profit, that drives the market system.

Adam Smith

Who is considered the "father" of modern capitalism?

Adam Smith

The concept of "mission" in American foreign policy has resulted in .

Advancing the cause of human rights and political self-determination in the world.

Which of the following is not true of consumer culture in the Unites States?

Advertisers try to encourage consumers to keep products a long time.

Which of the following is not among the events and controversies that helped lead to the Civil War?

Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798

Which term is correctly matched with its definition?

All of the above are correctly matched. Militarism: an aggressive preparedness for war and the glorification of that preparedness. Imperialism: a policy of acquisition of colonies or dominating the economic and political affairs of a weaker nation. Nationalism: an intense patriotism and devotion to one's country, sometimes at the expense of international considerations

What are some of the purposes of money in the modern world?

All of the answers are correct Stored Value Unit of Measurement Medium of Exchange

Which of the following is one of the strategies used to create big businesses in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

All of the answers are correct Vertical combinations New technology Economies of scale

The spirit of entitlement can have influence over the following:

All of the answers are correct as all people can be hurt by the spirit of entitlement. People utilizing government assistance long-term. Wealthy people who misuse their economic power or prestige for advantage and dominance. College students at BYU-Idaho who lobby professors.

The poverty rate in the modern United States has stayed near 10-15% over the last 40 years. Among the reasons for this are:

All of the answers are correct. Economic exploitation. Breakdown of the family. Low-skilled immigration. Legacy of slavery and racism

Which of the following could be considered legacies of the Civil Rights Movement?

All of the answers are correct. It ended segregation. It reduced discrimination. Injustices were brought to light.

The early organizers of the Women's Suffrage Movement connected women's political status with that of slaves in which of the following ways?

All of the answers are correct. Lack of the right to vote. Inability to own property. Lack of access to education.

When economic virtue is replaced with selfishness and greed in the market economy, what protections must be implemented?

All of the answers are correct. Regulations, inspections, and licensing requirements must be put in place to protect consumers. Laws must be passed to limit and control monopolies and market interference. Minimum wages and working hour restrictions must be put in place to protect workers

John Winthrop's A Model of Christian Charity demonstrates the Puritan goal of what?

All of the answers are correct. Standing as an example to the world of a Christian community. A hopeful future in the New World. Creating a covenant people.

Why did the tension between Northern states and Southern states grow?

All of the answers are correct. The Supreme Court passed down the Dred Scott decision that constitutionally protected property rights Northern groups began to organize against the practice of slavery. New territory had to be admitted to the Union as slave or free, always threatening to upset the balance of 'free/slave' votes in Congress.

As understood by the patriot philosophers, a republic could be characterized as a government in which what?

All of the answers are correct. The people elect representatives and the representatives make the law. The excesses and passions of the people are better filtered than in a democracy. Democratic and republican principles could be fostered in a small geographic area.

What did "The March of the Flag" campaign speech argue that the United States was?

All of the answers are correct. Uniquely blessed and chosen by God. Destined to rule the American continent. Duty-bound to rule other peoples even without their consent.

All but one statement correctly describes a reason for the existence of a two-party system in America. Choose the statement that is not true.

All of the founding generation believed that two political parties would create a helpful and positive spirit of democracy and mass participation.

Which statement correctly represents a basic religious characteristic of the American colonial period?

Although several of the colonies had "established" churches during the colonial period, by the time of the Revolutionary War religious dissent was becoming an accepted part of colonial life.

Which of the following statements is true of political ideology for the two-party system in the United States?

At any given time through most of our history, two large moderate parties have existed, and seldom did anyone except members of those two main parties get elected to public office.

What is the relationship between virtue and auxiliary precautions?

Auxiliary precautions preserve freedom when virtue fails.

The great migration involved which of the following?

Blacks to Northern cities

According to President Marion G. Romney, what happens when rule of law breaks down?

Chaos reigns.

What did Port Huron Statement argue?

College students must become politically active and aware of the world.

Which of the following is true?

Colonists considered themselves subjects of the English crown from the start.

All but one of the following is found in the First Amendment. Choose the one that is not found there.

Congress cannot prohibit the people's right to privacy.

Who defends the status quo against major changes and protects traditional ideas, values, and institutions?

Conservative

What is a problem with using a Keynesian fiscal policy solution for an economic downturn long-term?

Cutting taxes and raising spending will lead to deficit spending and national debt.

What was the name of the man who rallied farmers and ex-soldiers into mob action against the Massachusetts state government in 1786?

Daniel Shays

Which statement is correct?

Demand and supply will adjust to eliminate surpluses and shortages, so surpluses and shortages are temporary.

Which of the following correctly link a political party to the leading individual of that party?

Democrat—Franklin D. Roosevelt

What two animals taken from the political cartoons by Thomas Nast represent the two current political parties in America?

Donkey and Elephant.

During the Jacksonian Era, Horace Mann is known for his significant reforms in what area of society?

Education

Which of the following cultures most affected the cultural development of colonial North America?

England

Which statement correctly describes why the end of the French and Indian War was a turning point in the relationship between the government of England and England's colonies in North America?

England began to tighten her hold on the colonists and subject them to a swift succession of new tax policies and regulatory measures.

What are the two key religion clauses in the First Amendment?

Establishment of religion and free exercise.

Which statement would correctly represent something George Washington said to the people of America in his "Farewell Address" in 1796?

Even though we should avoid the effects of parties, the spirit of party is inseparable from human nature and has its root in the passions of the human mind.

Which statement correctly describes an economic or social result of declining virtue in economic matters?

Exploitation of workers and resources will most likely increase.

A Bill of Rights was included in the original text of the U.S. Constitution

False

Americans have never been seen by others as "imperialists."Americans have never been seen by others as "imperialists."

False

Attempts to create a monopoly power in American business have virtually disappeared today.

False

Socialism has always provided more opportunities for freedom than the market system.

False

The British colonies in the New World were founded during a very peaceful time in European religious history.

False

The Constitution contains the ends of the government while the Declaration of Independence provides the means.

False

The counterculture of the 1960s renewed support for traditional American values.

False

The goals of extremists on the ideological continuum are the same, but their methods for accomplishing those goals are different.

False

The laissez faire system of economics is tightly controlled market system that is run on a strict set of government rules.

False

The phrase "democratization of America" means that over the years America has changed its governmental form from a republic to a democracy.

False

The ratification process of the Constitution and the forging of the national government settled the majority of constitutional questions.

False

The Reconstruction period after the Civil War is viewed as a missed opportunity and a tragic era for many reasons. Which of the following is not one of those reasons?

Federal power was not needed in the South after the Civil War.

What is the idea of the "miracle of exchange"?

Free exchange in a market economy makes both people involved better off.

Which statement describes some characteristics of true liberty as we should understand it?

Freedom and rights must be balanced with responsibility, restraint, order, and stability.

The Founding Fathers believed which of the following?

Future generations could adapt the Constitution through the amendment process

Which of the following is not an event that helped foster the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s?

Gentlemen's Agreement.

According to the text, which three men were essential in making the Constitutional Convention a success?

George Washington, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton

Identify the correct match of an individual with the statement about foreign neutrality he said.

George Washington—"`Tis our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances, with any portion of the foreign world."

In periods of inflation the value of money:

Goes down.

Like the Nephites who were inspired in war by a better cause of home, liberty, and family, we are taught that today "there are times and circumstances when nations are justified to fight for family, liberty and against tyranny, threat and oppression." Who counseled us in this way?

Gordon B. Hinckley

John Maynard Keynes argued that:

Government should play an active role in stimulating the economy during a depression.

At the beginning of the Constitutional Convention, who was the delegate that proposed eliminating the Articles of Confederation and replacing them with a new government?

Governor Edmund Randoph

The _______ solved the most difficult problem of the convention, including how the states would be represented in the new Congress.

Great Compromise

Beginning in 1929, the created a greater level of economic suffering in America than any other previous depression or recession.

Great Depression

Which of the following would NOT be considered one of the basic forces that brought about the New Deal?

Herbert Hoover did more than any other president to overcome the effects of financial depression.

According to Elder Oaks, the Engle versus Vitale case (1962) is now seen as being what?

Hostile toward religion

All but one statement describes one of the "principles" of government presented in the opening paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence. (Choose the one that is not true.)

Human beings are born with natural inequalities in their basic rights.

Benjamin Franklin, 1766, "Examination Before the House of Commons." (Choose the statement of phrase that would not have been said by Franklin.)

If the Stamp Tax is modified, the American people will submit to it, and if the Stamp Act is repealed, the American people will acknowledge Parliament's right to tax them.

All but one of the following statements describes why the results of tyranny and anarchy are so similar in their effects on people. (Choose the one that is not true.)

In both situations, life becomes more predictable, meaningful, and rational.

What is a possible evidence of declining economic virtue?

Increasing reliance on government economic protections.

Which of the following statements is true about inflation?

Increasing the money supply will increase the rate of inflation.

Which of the following most closely reflects Washington's advice to avoid foreign entanglements?

Isolation and Neutrality

Which statement represents one of the reasons why Elder Dallin H. Oaks sees the Constitution as an inspired document?

It contains five great fundamentals or grand principles, one of which is the Rule of Law.

Why is Federalism (Division of Power) so important in protecting the rights of the public?

It creates a natural tension between federal and state powers over which an entity has the correct power to govern specific areas

Which of the following most closely relates to our "special relationship" with nations of the Western Hemisphere?

Monroe Doctrine

Which statement correctly describes a possible cause of sustained inflation since World War II?

It has been getting increasingly difficult to get certain resources, so the price of those resources is continually going up.

Which of the following things would have been included in the founders' view of the positive side of man's self-interest?

It leads to individual initiative and makes human actions predictable.

What did the economic system of mercantilism do?

It sought to develop national power.

Which statement correctly describes something about the Progressive Movement?

It was a broad-based largely middle-class reform movement which sought to publicize and solve the problems of social and economic injustice and the abuse of political power.

Who is often referred to as the Father of the Constitution?

James Madison

The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence, announcing the colonies' separation from Great Britain, on which date?

July 4, 1776

After they attacked Pearl Harbor, the Japanese forced the United States to respond in which way?

Lay aside its notion of isolationism and become involved in a conflict it did not start.

What is the desire to change, reform, and experiment, as well as a greater willingness to accept new ideas, values and institutions?

Liberalism

Which of the following is not a type of Jacksonian Reform?

Liberalism

NAFTA did which of the following?

Lowered trade barriers

Which English document inspired the Bill of Rights?

Magna Carta

When the Federal Reserve lowers interest rates it is practicing:

Monetary Policy.

Which French political theorist inspired many at the Constitutional convention to separate power into multiple branches?

Montesquieu

Which statement is true regarding American political traditions and the ideological continuum?

Most Americans are in the middle, so parties must stay there to attract the greatest number of voters.

What is the legacy of Johnson's Great Society?

Most of Johnson's Great Society programs continue today and many have been expanded and enlarged.

The very earliest American foreign policy centered around which idea?

Neutrality; avoiding foreign military or political alliances.

Which of the following is most closely associated with the period 1932-1952?

New Deal Coalition

Based on the portion of Sir William Blackstone's description of natural law given in the readings, which statement is true?

No human laws are of any validity if contrary to the laws of nature.

The meaning of 'e pluribus unum' is _________________.

Out of the many, one

What was the main reason behind the powerful response to Upton Sinclair's description of the Chicago meat packing industry (The Jungle, 1906)?

People were shocked and appalled at the conditions under which their food was produced.

Which of the following statements describes the 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown versus Board of Education?

Plessy v. Ferguson is overturned, and separate schools are inherently unequal.

In their desire to form a new government, the patriot philosophers consulted what?

Political philosophies of the Enlightenment. Ancient and modern forms of government. Experience of self-government in the colonies. All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following were included in the five fundamentals of an inspired constitution as mentioned by Elder Oaks?

Popular Sovereignty Division of Powers Correct! All of the answers are correct A Written Bill of Rights

Which government official is limited in the amount of time he or she may serve?

President

What is the difference and/or relationship between Puritans and Pilgrims?

Puritans wanted to "purify" the Church of England, but not necessarily separate from it, while Pilgrims sought separation from the Church of England, which was illegal at the time.

Which of the following terms most closely describes a conservative "extremist"?

Reactionary

What term refers to a general slowdown or decline in economic activity and output?

Recession

Which of the following would not be included in President Benson's list of things we can do to best protect constitutional freedoms?

Refuse to obey unjust laws.

Which political party emerged in the 1850s and saw itself as the party of western growth, finance, industry, anti-slavery and anti-polygamy?

Republican

The political writings of colonial times discussed which basic natural rights?

Right of conscience, right to life, right to property and the fruits of one's own labor.

The idea that members of the Church have an obligation to government is supported by what?

Scriptures. 12th Article of Faith. Teachings of the prophets. All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following would not be considered one of major types of third parties in American political history?

Secular parties

Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points were about what?

Securing peace between nations and restoring war-torn nations.

Which principle inspired the English Parliament to decentralize power within one level of government?

Separation of Power

The official justifications for Japanese Internment during World War II included all of the following except which?

Settlers were needed in the more barren parts of the West.

All but one of the following represents a negative aspect of American industrialization. Choose the one which is NOT a negative aspect.

Some industrialists created mass production and modern management techniques.

Which of the following was not one of the reasons for calling a convention to revise the Articles of Confederation?

Some of the states felt that they were being discriminated against because of their large populations.

The "motivation" of imperialism was most evident in American foreign policy during which war?

Spanish-American War

Which of the following was not a tactic employed by the Civil Rights Movement?

Television commercials highlighting the ugliness of segregation.

In response to the Stamp Act, the colonies united for the first time as a Congress in 1765. Which of the following correctly describes the resolutions it passed?

The Congress claimed their rights as Englishmen to protest the Stamp Act taxes and restated their allegiance to the Crown.

When we consider the sectional differences that were present in the United States before the Civil War, which is correct?

The Congress tried to deal with the issues through compromise.

The Declaration of Sentiments in 1848 borrowed the language of .

The Declaration of Independence

What statement correctly describes the job of the Federal Reserve System ("The Fed")?

The Fed controls interest rates and the sale of government securities to influence the money supply.

Fiscal Policy is controlled by:

The President and Congress.

Economic virtue includes all of the following except:

The ability to create effective monopolies.

Regarding foreign policy, which of the following statements is true?

The basic mission of the U.S. during the Cold War was to contain communism.

The two challenges of the market system that were most evident during the Progressive Era were:

The challenge of a lack of economic virtue and the challenge of the unequal distribution of wealth

Which of the following statements is true of the situation in the colonies before 1763?

The colonists retained strong economic ties with England and believed in England's traditions of liberty.

How would you describe the relationship between the colonists and England before 1750?

The colonists were proud and happy to be part of the British Empire.

Which of the following is not among the reasons given for the development of the market system in the United States?

The colonists' rejection of the economic attitude of self-interest.

Based on "The Law of Consecration and Stewardship," all but one of the following are true. Choose the one that is not true.

The concept of "having things in common" means that property should be communal so that everyone owns everything together.

Thomas Paine, 1776, "Common Sense." (Choose that statement or phrase that Paine would not have written.)

The constitution of England remains the bulwark of our liberty and the best form of government that man can devise.

Which statement represents one of the basic characteristics of the market system as we understand it today?

The consumer is sovereign, and the interaction of supply and demand encourages competition and controls prices and profits.

Which of the following is not a legacy of the 1960s Youth Rebellion?

The creation of a new youth political party.

Which of the following are characteristics of economic virtue?

The drive to support one's family, give charitably to others, and operate fairly under the rule of law.

President Woodrow Wilson wrote the Fourteen Points in response to what?

The end of World War I.

What is a good definition of nativism?

The fear that "others" threaten the dominant culture and its institutions.

Which of the following is NOT one of the legacies of the New Deal?

The government determined to resist regulating the economy.

When one considers the issues of "free trade," all but one of the following are true. Choose the one that is not true.

The main reason many people favor "free trade" is to create an environment in which the rich nations will get richer and the poor nations will get poorer.

What was the major topic of the second debate/compromise at the constitutional convention?

The moral, economic and cultural concerns surrounding slavery.

Which of the following correctly describes a legacy of the Civil War?

The national government took on a greater role as a protector of individual rights.

Which statement correctly describes an example of checks and balances in the Constitution?

The power to make, to enforce, and to interpret the law is separated into three distinct branches or departments.

In Elder Bateman's address he connects the explosion of technological change and secular knowledge with what other event?

The restoration of the gospel.

Which statement correctly describes something about the patriot "philosophers" and political theorists of the 1760s and 1770s?

The role of these patriots was very important because they sought to justify the rebellion and carefully shape the arguments and appeals for liberty.

When talking about wealth distribution in the modern United States, the following is true:

The top 10% hold nearly three-fourths of aggregate family wealth.

According to Madison, what is the primary control on the power of government?

The virtue of the people.

In speaking of the inspired Constitution, Elder Oaks has argued what?

There was divine inspiration in its fundamental principles.

Which statement correctly represents the attitude the Founding Fathers had towards political parties?

They felt uncomfortable with political parties and feared that the republic may be destroyed by the corruption and contention created by them.

Which statement about the 15 Virginia Resolves (or Virginia Plan) is correct?

They provided the ideas and framework for discussion in the early days of the convention.

According to James Madison, what should auxiliary precautions do in the Constitutional system?

They should supply through opposite and rival interests the structures of government which truly "oblige" the government to control itself.

Which of the following is true of countries with economic freedom?

They tend to have lower tax rates and less regulation

Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of French colonization in America?

They were focused on the extraction of wealth for the French crown, finding success in natural resources.

What made the "new immigrants" different than earlier waves of immigration?

They were from Southern and Eastern Europe, largely Catholic and Jewish, and were seen as too different from more established Americans.

According to the principle of provident living and self reliance taught by Spencer W. Kimball, what is the order of the Church's responsibility to help members?

Third

The pamphlet Common Sense was written by .

Thomas Paine

Which of the following is considered a "winner" during inflation?

Those who speculate in real estate.

Which of the following statements describes the evolution of political thought from the Stamp Act Congress in 1765 to the Second Continental Congress in 1775?

Through the decade, protest against British actions evolved into larger issues of freedom, divine human rights, and the necessity of resisting British authority.

Which of the following is not among the basic motivations for a socialist economy?

To allow people to work at their fullest potential and achieve their personal dreams.

Which of the following would correctly state an idea given in Lyndon Johnson's "War on Poverty" speech of 1964?

To fight poverty, we must have better schools, better health, better homes, better training, and better jobs.

Which of the following is a reason why countries erect barriers to "free trade"?

To protect domestic economy, jobs and businesses, from foreign competition.

"Muckraking" was used by Progressive journalists to expose the problems of industrialization and show Americans the dark side of capitalism in the hopes that it would inspire political action.

True

In colonial America, religion was a major motivating factor in people's lives and significantly influenced the development of political ideas.

True

In the late 1700s and early 1800s, liberals supported popular government and the free-market. In the early 1900s, liberals began to believe that government should be used to help protect people from the excesses of the free market.

True

One of the most basic economic dimensions of capitalism is free exchange of goods and services.

True

One reason that women's rights movements began to take the stage in the 19th century is because many of the leaders of other reform movements were women.

True

Patriotism is a strengthening principle, but when taken to the extreme it can be divisive and harmful.

True

Political parties are not mentioned in the Constitution as part of the established constitutional system.

True

The 13 British colonies shared much of the same cultural heritage, but developed very different economies and along different paths.

True

The Doctrine of Nullification argued that individual states could refuse to recognize federal law.

True

The Supreme Court decision in Brown versus Board of Education overturned the ruling of "separate but equal" in Plessy versus Ferguson.

True

The government has become more actively engaged in regulating the American economy since 1900.

True

The law of supply is defined in the following way: as price goes up, the quantity that suppliers are willing to supply also goes up.

True

Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, immigration was largely characterized by an "Open Door" policy and little regulation.

True

True or false, because of their British heritage, most early colonists had a strong commitment to the principle of the rule of law?

True

The Youth Rebellion of the 1960s was characterized by all but one of the following.

Was largely made up of World War II veterans.

In "Zion in the Midst of Babylon," Elder Stone suggests we do which of the following in order to maintain our spirituality in the world we live in?

We should maintain our standards and morals despite the environment we live in.

A term meaning something that is meant to divide and never be solved is called a __________

Wedge issue

Which statement about a bill becoming a law is true?

When Congress is in session, the President has 10 days (not counting Sundays) to veto a bill and send it back to them.

When one considers the relationship of self-interest and virtue to our economic system, which statement is true?

When virtue in economic matters diminishes too far, we turn to government to protect us.

The principle that the United States is the proper host nation for the restoration of the gospel is supported by which of the following?

Without the Lord's help in establishing the United States, it would have been impossible to restore the gospel under the bigotry of existing monarchical governments.

The best way to overcome the spirit of "entitlement" is to:

Work to develop personal qualities of humility and gratitude.

According to James Madison in Federalist 51, what is the "great difficulty" in forming a government of men over men?

You must first enable the government to control the governed, and in the next place, oblige it to control itself.

According to Elder Bateman, along with the Restoration came .

a burst of secular knowledge

Economic virtue is important because .

a lack of economic virtue often requires government intervention in the market and a decline in economic freedom

The two major political parties in the United States .

are considered middle-of-the-road because they must attract the vast majority of American voters who are also in the center of the ideological continuum

Generally speaking, "new immigrants" .

arrived between 1890 and 1914

Presidents are elected .

by the Electoral College

A policy of acquiring colonies or dominating the economic and political affairs of a weaker nation is .

imperialism

Price instability, another inherent weakness in the Market System, creates problems with or which can be destabilizing and harmful to the economy and individuals.

inflation or deflation

The Roosevelt Corollary added to the Monroe Doctrine the concept that the United States should .

interfere in the affairs of the Americas in case of "chronic wrongdoing"

According to the patriot philosophers, a republic

is a government where wise and frugal representatives would make and enforce the law

According to current election laws, .

only those parties whose candidates ran in the last general election automatically show up on the next ballot

The goal of Puritanism was to the Church of England.

purify

According to natural law, if government went beyond its authority to protect and secure the rights of mankind, those who are governed had the right to__________

resist and rebel

Which act passed by Parliament to directly tax the American colonists caused widespread opposition after the French and Indian War and led to the organization of the first colonial Congress?

the Stamp Act

When virtue exists in a society and is practiced by the people .

the people practice regulated and restrained self-interest

Popular sovereignty means that the power of a government comes from .

the people who exercise their right of suffrage

President Eisenhower, in his farewell address, warned of the dangers to American society due to .

the power and reach of the military-industrial complex

Article VII of the Constitution deals with .

the ratification process

Thomas Jefferson's "Virginia Statute" was based on his objection to tax dollars supporting a church to which he didn't belong and led to .

the separation of church and state

What are the three major strategies employed to solve the problems of scarcity?

tradition, command, market

The vast majority of government entitlement programs serve and help veterans, the disabled, the elderly, and households with dependent children.

true