American History Final (chapters 12-15)

in 1850, the new california state legislature allowed whites to force ______ to work for them in exchange for food and clothing

"unemployed" Native Americans

what was an outcome of the Lincoln- douglas debates?

Lincoln's eventual presidential prospects were bolstered

What was oklahoma's role in the civil war?

Oklahoma's proximity to texas influenced local tribes to support the confederacy.

Why did many freed Blacks prefer sharecropping over working for wages during Reconstruction?

Sharecropping freed Black farmers from day-to-day White supervision of their lives.

Which of the following is true of the 1866 congressional elections during Johnson's presidency?

They gave Republicans veto-proof majorities.

Which of the following statements describes how the shaker community functioned?

They practiced celibacy and owned everything in common

For many African Americans, the "first proof" of freedom was the ability to become educated.

True

The Ku Klux Klan started out as a social club but came to engage in horrible violence against African Americans such as burning schools and churches.

True

The Union League mobilized African American voters to such an extent that Black men were able to win elected offices in former Confederate states for the first time.

True

The Wade-Davis Bill was much more severe than Lincoln's Reconstruction plan.

True

William Lloyd Garrison published a radical anti- slavery newspaper called The Liberator.

True

which of the following writers was perhaps the most controversial american writer of the nineteenth century, was a politcal activist, wrote excitedly about industrial development, and penned the controverisial free- verse work Leaves of Grass?

Walt Whitman

which of the following ideas did the "cult of domesticity" embrace?

Women should not hold political rights

which of the following best describes the Transcendental Club, which had its first meeting in the 1830s?

a loosely knit group diverse, intellectually curious individualists who met to discuss philosophy, religion, and literature

why was the state of kentucky strategically significant at the start of the war?

a neutral state at the beginning of the war, kentucky was seen as vital by lincoln because of its influence on neighboring border states.

Demands to end slavery went through phases. Which of the following events accelerated the transition of anti- slavery organizations from being gradualist to demanding a complete and immediate conclusion to slavery?

a new generation of reformers considered slavery a sin

President Tyler infuriated Henry Clay by vetoing his bill in support of:

a new national bank

What did the rise of romanticism indicate?

a recognition of the limits of science and reason

what was francis asbury's significance as a historical figure?

as a Methodist, he began the itinerant preacher system, which became the most effective evangelical method of the time

As the election of 1860 approached, the Democratic party:

broke up into warring northern and southern wings

Liberal Republicans were also known as

conscience Republicans.

The Republican party reflected a combination of

conscience Whigs and anti-slavery Democrats.

which of the following statements best describes african american soldiers in the union army?

despite receiving lower pay than whites, they saw significant action and suffered heavy losses.

Attempts to create official African American Methodist congregations largely failed because freed slaves feared discrimination

false

James Buchanan's great experience in public service helped him become one of the most successful presidents.

false

The dispute over Oregon caused the outbreak of the mexican- american war

false

Through his execution, John Brown accomplished little for the anti-slavery cause, as few in the United States even noticed the event occurred.

false

Whereas the Union saw many of its residents fight for the Confederacy, the Confederacy benefited from unanimous support.

false

Women's Rights Movement secured the vote for women nationwide before 1860.

false

abraham lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation after the battle of fredericksburg.

false

throughout the war, lincoln believed that african americans and white americans could peacefully coexist in a post- slavery society, and he was eager to use his constitutional authority to make that possible.

false

when the war started, the southern economy was larger and more productive than the economy of the north.

false

What event ended the Memphis race riot of 1866?

federal troops arrived to quell the violence

how did the confederacy feed its people late in the war?

food was homegrown and became outrageously expensive.

why was john humphrey noyes, founder of the Oneida community, arrested and ultimately forced to flee vermont?

he advocated for complete sexual freedom

what was president buchanan's response to secession?

he did practically nothing

what was the thirteenth amendment to the constitution?

it banned slavery in the united states and territory controlled by the confederacy.

Which of the following is true of the Panic of 1857?

it illustrated President Buchanan's fundamental belief that the government should be non- interventional

what was one major reason the supreme court's Dred Scott decision proved significant?

it implied that the missouri compromise had been unconstitutional

which is true of the north at the beginning of the civil war?

it possessed a significantly larger population than the south

What was "oregon fever," and how did it come about?

it referred to the large migration of many settlers to oregon, drawn there by the fertile land

What was one way the Mexican- American War proved unique in American history?

it was America's first major military intervention outside the United states and the first time that U.S. forces has conquered and occupied another country

why was the civil war a "modern" war?

it was a "modern" war because armies used railroads and steamboats for transportation.

The life and work of Phoebe Worrall Palmer demonstrates that evangelical ministers supported women in doing which of the following?

leading social reform efforts or movements

which of the following statements accurately describes the experiences of women during the civil war?

many women on both sides experienced loosened restraints on traditional female activity.

What happened when the votes were first counted in the 1876 presidential election?

no candidate had an electoral college majority

John brown's raid on Harpers ferry was intended to

provoke slave insurrections

Most of the utopian communities of the early nineteenth century

quickly became failures

Which is true of the work regimen for escaped slaves or refugees in Union camps?

refugees dug trenches to assist the union war effort

which of the following is true of african americans in union refugee camps

refugees experienced disease, overcrowding, and dangerous conditions in the camps.

By the 1830s, John C. Calhoun was arguing that:

slavery was a "great good"

Why did the american anti- slavery society split into competing factions

some prominent members demanded the pursuit of societal reforms beyond abolition, including women's rights

Who did Johnson's Proclamation of Amnesty exclude?

southerners with taxable property above $20,000

During the 1844 campaign, Henry Clay changed his position on the annexation of Texas to one of:

support as long as it proceeded honorably and without war

Lincoln won the election of 1860 by:

sweeping the free states

Which of the following was the most contested demand of the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments?

that women should have the right to vote along with men in local, state, and national politics

Passage of the Kansas- Nebraska Act was a victory for

the concept of popular sovereignty

In the 1856 election, which of the following did the Democrats support?

the idea that congress should refuse to interfere with slavery in the states or territories

Which of the following inspired the Second Great Awakening?

the idea that salvation was available for everyone and sin was voluntary

which of the following did the U.S. congress accomplish during the civil war?

the passage of legislation establishing the transcontinental railroad and providing lands to the states in order to establish agricultural and mechanical colleges

what were the most significant results of the civil war?

the war elevated the idea that the union was indissoluble and the passage of the thirteenth amendment ended slavery in the united states.

Why did the working poor often favor expanding the number of public schools in the first half of the nineteenth century?

the working poor wanted free schools to give their children an equal chance to pursue the American dream

why did the American Temperance Union lose many moderate members in 1836?

they called for total abstinence from all alcoholic beverages

Which of the following statements accurately describes experiences of women pioneers who made the journey west?

though initially men and women tended to maintain traditional roles, the demands of the western trails dissolved such neat distinctions

Why did congressional Republicans write the Wade-Davis Manifesto?

to protest Lincoln's veto of the Wade-Davis Bill

which of the following statements accurately describes the allegiance of Native American tribes during the civil war?

tribes fought on both sides.

Although conscription occurred during the Civil War, most who fought were volunteers, with many of them initially expressing feelings of duty and honor.

true

Anti- slavery organizations initially used the tactic of promoting a gradual end to slavery by prohibiting it i the western territories, but they went on to demand immediate abolition everywhere.

true

Members of the Donner party engaged in cannibalism when stranded on their way to California.

true

Mexico was concerned with Anglo-American immigration because the immigrants brought slaves, and Mexico was a free nation.

true

Some utopian communities experimented with new ideas and practices such as socialism, free love, and special diets.

true

The militia act of 1862 authorized the union army to use freed slaves as laborers or soldiers.

true

William Henry Harrison was the first president elected as a candidate of the Whig Party.

true

following the battle of gettysburg, a group of northern states funded a military cemetery to commemorate soldiers killed during the battle.

true

frederick douglass was the founder of the abolitionist newspaper the north star.

true

in 1862 congress resorted to printing paper money called greenbacks to address the shortfall in tax revenues.

true

the union suffered a defeat at the first battle of bull run

true

Which of the following battles led to the Confederates losing control of the Mississippi River, which cut the Confederacy in two?

vicksburg

The "black codes" enacted by southern legislatures

were part of an effort to restore White supremacy.

Which of the following statements describe the significance of William Lloyd Garrison as a historical figure?

As a white abolitionist, he demanded the immediate emancipation of slaves and launched the anti- slavery newspaper The liberator.

Which of the following happened after the end of Reconstruction?

Black civil rights crumbled as White rule solidified.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Dred Scott v. Sanford?

Blacks did not have citizenship and therefore lacked legal standing.

during the nineteeth century, many Christians generally moved away from ______ and instead began to embrace ______.

Calvinist views, a more democratic religion

Reconstruction of former Confederate states only began after the war.

False

Southern Democrats founded the Free- Soil party in support of slavery and free land for white settlers in lands conquered during the Mexican- American War.

False

The rulings during the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873) expanded U.S. citizenship so that it applied to more minority groups.

False

Which of the following statements is true of Frederick Douglass?

He became the most famous man of color in the United states when he was still legally a slave

Which of the following statements describes President Grant's attitude toward Native Americans?

He believed that the best policy was conciliation

How did President Johnson violate the Tenure of Office Act?

He tried to remove a cabinet member without the approval of the Senate.

Which of the following is true regarding Stand Watie?

He was a cherokee leader who became a confederate general during the war

What was the result of the Fourteenth Amendment?

It guaranteed citizenship to freedmen and immigrant children born in the United States.

By the time President Grant took office in 1868, southern resistance to Reconstruction efforts could be characterized by which of the following statements?

It increased and turned violent with the rise of white supremacy

Which of the following is true of the Fifteenth Amendment?

It protected the right of Americans to vote regardless of color or race.

Why did service in the Union army or navy benefit many freedmen?

It provided training in leadership.

Why did the Radical-led Congress pass the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

It was a response to the black codes and the neo-slavery system created by southern legislatures.

What two national figures triggered a scandal in 1869 with their scheme to corner the gold market?

Jay Gould and James Fisk

In the election of 1856, who was the republican party's first candidate to run for the presidency?

John Fremont

Why was Johnson picked as Lincoln's running mate in 1864?

Johnson was a pro- union democrat

Which of the following accurately describes Civil War medicine?

Amputation was the common treatment for gunshot wounds to the arm or leg

Why did a race riot erupt in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1866?

African American military veterans clashed with local White police.