American Realities 8:II-14: The New Age of Technology: Steve Jobs and Apple Computer
After the war, two Americans, John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert Jr., created the first general-purpose computer, known as the _____________.
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC)
The early story of computers begins with the ________________, who used pebbles to make calculations.
Greeks
What did Stewart Brand claim was the real legacy of the sixties generation?
The computer revolution
What device did Steve Jobs present at Macworld Expo in 2007 that could play music and movies, surf the Internet, provide weather information, display Google maps, take pictures—and even make phone calls?
The iPhone
During a commencement address at Stanford University, Steve Jobs told what three stories?
The stories would cover these topics: connecting the dots, love and loss, and, death.
The ____________ is recognized as the first general-purpose personal computer.
Apple II
What class did Jobs audit that "turned out to be priceless later on."
A calligraphy class. Reed College had an exceptional program in penmanship. He doubted the practical value of this information, but enjoyed seeing the visual appeal of different typefaces and spacing. Later, when Jobs and others were designing the first Macintosh computer, his calligraphy training came back, and the development team designed "multiple typefaces" into the computer. The Macintosh was "the first computer with beautiful typography," Jobs noted. And "since Windows just copied the Mac," all computers today have "the wonderful typography that they do."
What did the Apple II come with that previous computer did not include?
A keyboard, monitor, and memory. In addition, the computer would be designed to look attractive.
In 1952 a UNIVAC I was used to tabulate the results of the ________________.
American presidential election
Who was Herman Hollerith?
An American who developed the first modern computer. The U.S. government, fearing that it would take a decade to tabulate the 1890 census, sponsored a competition to develop a machine to help. Hollerith won. His machines used cards with holes punched to indicate data on topics such as age, sex, marital status, race, and occupation. The machines substantially reduced the time required to analyze the census.
How did Steve Jobs find himself back at Apple?
Apple bought NeXT. Apple was struggling at the time and companies such as Dell were surging ahead of Apple in hardware sales.
How did Apple offer a different kind of computer experience than what was offered by IBM?
Apple was the first company to offer a personal computer with a mouse and a graphical user interface, consisting of images on the desktop providing avenues for opening, saving, moving, and deleting files.
What two friends went to work at Harvard's computer center, successfully refining BASIC for the Altair.
Bill Gates and Paul Allen
What nineteenth-century British inventor is considered the first person to have envisioned a programmable computer? He called his proposed device an "analytical engine."
Charles Babbage
In 1993 Pixar partnered with _____________ Disney to produce the feature-length animation film Toy Story?
Disney
How did the computer term "bug transpire?
ENIAC had to be rewired by hand, like the wire and plug connections used on old telephone switchboards, a process that took several days. One day ENIAC refused to function; finally someone found a moth caught in one of the tube sockets.
How did Jobs develop a reputation for promotion?
He sold computers, he sold a company, and he sold a vision of a world of easily accessible personal computing. In 1982 he was on the cover of Time magazine, featured as the embodiment of the computer revolution.
Why did Steve Jobs drop out of Reed College in Oregon?
He was troubled about college costs and "spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life." Jobs stayed on at Reed for another eighteen months, sleeping on the floor in friends' rooms and auditing the courses he really wanted to take.
What club was formed in Menlo Park, California that allowed computer fans to trade ideas.
Homebrew Computer Club
Homebrew Computer Club meetings would begin with a "mapping period." What is a "mapping period?"
Individuals would describe computer projects and ask questions. A "random access period" followed in which members would trade ideas and information.
After Apple ousted Gil Amelio, Steve Jobs, the de facto leader of the company, refused any title other than ____________.
Interim CEO
How did Apple gets its name?
Jobs had worked in an apple orchard one summer in Oregon. The word apple suggested simplicity, and they wanted to create user-friendly products. Additionally, in the local phone books "Apple" would come before "Atari."
Who did Steve Jobs hire away from Pepsi, but when their "visions of the future began to diverge" Jobs was forced out of the company?
John Sculley
Who did Jobs hire that gave Apple products a look that other companies would soon envy and imitate, including the iMac line of computers?
Jonathan Ive, a British designer.
Steve Jobs recruited some top people from Apple and founded a company called _____________.
NeXT
What is the Mark I?
Otherwise known as the Harvard-IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator it was created by Howard Aiken, a Harvard mathematician, and IBM (International Business Machines). Using 3304 on-off switches, Mark I worked up ballistic tables used for naval artillery.
What company did Steve Jobs buy from George Lucas that employed the greatest computer graphics team in the world?
Pixar
How did Steve Jobs end his speech at Stanford University?
Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.
Who was the co founder of Apple Computers, famous for his many presentations about Apple products and more recently his pitches for iPod music players?
Steve Jobs
Who was Steve Jobs partner? He was an electronics genius and gifted in technology?
Steve Wozniak
What computer did Jobs and Wozniak showcase at the West Coast Computer Faire in 1977, one of America's first computer trade shows?
The Apple II, it was the hit of the show.
According to Jobs, what was "the future of Apple. It was the next great thing. It was the reincarnation of the Apple II for the eighties?"
The Macintosh
Built in 1974, the Altair 8080 was the first ________________.
personal computer or "PC."