AMH2042 Learning Curve 14 15 16
Why did Democrats support lowering tariff rates after the Civil War?
Access to cheaper European goods was being restricted.
Who succeeded Abraham Lincoln as president?
Andrew Johnson
What was radical about the Fourteenth Amendment?
It defined citizenship in national rather than state terms.
This image, a political cartoon from a northern periodical, Harper's Weekly, was created in direct reaction to the... http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_P03.jpg
Military Reconstruction Act.
As of 1876, which state no longer had any U.S. military units remaining?
Mississippi
Which church allowed for the controversial practice of polygamy in the 1800s?
Mormon
What group was behind the Reconstruction Act of 1867, which divided the conquered South into the five military districts shown here?http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_M01.jpg
Radical Republicans
Who was Rutherford B. Hayes's Democratic opponent who defeated him in the popular vote in the 1876 election?
Samuel J. Tilden
The nation's monetary policy between 1865 and 1880 can best be described as deflationary, which means policymakers did what?
Sharply Limited the Nations Money supply
What did American women's rights leaders hope to gain from Reconstruction?
Suffrage
Which piece of legislation set aside 140 million federal acres that states could sell to raise money for public universities?
The Morrill Act
Why did Pacific northwestern cities like Seattle and Portland grow substantially in the late 1800s
They acted as gateways to gold-rush regions.
Which was the only Reconstruction military district to consist of three states?
Third
The second presidential term of Ulysses S. Grant (1873-1877) was undermined politically by economic panic and
scandal.
During Reconstruction, where in the South did African Americans become officeholders?
Across the South
Why did the freedmen insist that they needed to receive grants of land?
As the only way to guarantee their freedom
What triggered the 1873 depression in the United States?
Bankruptcy of the Northern Pacific Railroad
What did the Democrats and former Confederates of the South label northerners who participated in rebuilding the South?
Carpetbaggers
Republicans in April 1866 successfully gathered two-thirds majorities to override President Johnson's vetoes and pass what act?
Civil Rights Act
What law was struck down in the Civil Rights Cases (1883) decision by the Supreme Court?
Civil Rights Act of 1875
What was the primary reason Republican governments across the South fell one by one to Democrats in the mid-1870s?
Ex-Confederate politicians, using terrorism, silenced the black and Republican vote.
The Crime of 1873 refers to a legislative action favoring owners of which commodity?
Gold
What did President Andrew Johnson's opposition to the Fourteenth Amendment succeed in achieving?
Helping Republicans win an overwhelming majority in Congress in 1866
In which state did Reconstruction-era governments last the longest?
Louisiana
Which mode of transportation helped integrate the national economy after the Civil War?
Railroads
What was significant about the results of the 1866 congressional elections?
Republicans won enough seats to override President Andrew Johnson's vetoes.
African Americans constituted a majority in the lower house of which state legislature in 1868?
South Carolina
African American colleges and universities that formed during Reconstruction, like Fisk, Tougaloo, and the Hampton Institute, first focused on training freedmen for what purpose?
Teaching
Why did whites living in the West in the early 1860s undertake vigilante action against Native Americans on their own rather than relying on the federal government?
The government was preoccupied with the Civil War.
In the election of 1876, on what grounds did Republican officials certify the states of Louisiana, Florida, and South Carolina for Rutherford B. Hayes?
There was ample evidence of Democratic voter fraud.
Why were the odds stacked against freedmen who became sharecroppers?
They could not escape debt.
Why did many Republicans believe after 1874 that Reconstruction needed to end?
They had suffered a stunning defeat in the 1874 midterm elections.
Why did some Republicans begin to revolt against the Grant administration in the early 1870s?
They lost faith in their party because of the economic depression.
Why were Supreme Court decisions of the 1870s and 1880s regarding the Civil War amendments and civil rights acts significant?
They restricted the impact of these amendments and rulings.
Who was the first historian to challenge white supremacist interpretations of Reconstruction?
W. E. B. Du Bois
Based on the map of Indian country in the West up to 1890 and on your reading, what best explains the pattern of Indian land cessions in the West? http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_15_M04.jpg
When whites saw an area as valuable, they forced Native Americans to cede it.
How did whites respond to the result of the 1876 Battle of Little Big Horn?
Whites felt justified in American conquest of Indian "savages."
How did Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West differ from other such shows in the 1890s?
Wild West represented a conquered, not an empty, West.
The Beecher-Tilton scandal affected the women's suffrage movement in the 1870s because it
forced suffragists to practice and advocate strict sexual respectability.
What was the Union League, which began in the late 1860s?
A powerful political club for grassroots Radical Republicans
What was the Union League, which began in the late 1860s? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
A powerful political club for grassroots Radical Republicans
How was Reconstruction taught in American schools at least until the 1960s?
As the illegitimate regime of lazy blacks
What former slave became Mississippi's second black U.S. senator in 1874?
Blanch K. Bruce
What characteristics did the freedmen and scalawags of the Republican governments of the South share?
Both were born in the South and opposed ex-slaveholders' power.
How did the Enforcement Laws temporarily restrain the Klan's power in the South between 1869 and 1871?
By bringing to bear the power of the federal government
Why was the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution so unique in Western Hemispheric history?
By granting freedmen voting rights, the amendment gave ex-slaves full citizenship rights.
Why was the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution so unique in Western Hemispheric history? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
By granting freedmen voting rights, the amendment gave ex-slaves full citizenship rights.
How did the Supreme Court ruling in U.S. v. Cruikshank (1876) weaken the Fourteenth Amendment?
By saying it did not apply to the actions of private citizens
How did the Supreme Court ruling in U.S. v. Cruikshank (1876) weaken the Fourteenth Amendment? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
By saying it did not apply to the actions of private citizens
How did sharecropping develop as an agricultural system in the post-Civil War South?
By way of strained, need-based negotiations between landlords and freedmen
Who championed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and died before the act was passed?
Charles Sumner
Which state or territory would a silver-seeking prospector most likely be attracted to in the 1850s? http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_15_M03.jpg
Colorado
Why did Congress believe it was important for military commanders in the occupied South to supervise new state constitutional conventions?
Congress wanted to ensure that new constitutions guaranteed black suffrage.
The Reconstruction-era Ku Klux Klan became virtually identical to which political party in most of the South?
Democrats
What position did Frederick Douglass assume on the issue of women's voting rights during Reconstruction? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Douglass asked women to allow black male suffrage to take priority.
With what was President Andrew Johnson charged when he was impeached in 1868?
Engaging in misconduct and infringing on the powers of Congress
According to the Fourteenth Amendment, which of the following granted U.S. citizenship?
Federal Government
Which Reconstruction military district consisted of only one state, owing to the state's large relative population? http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_M01.jpg
First The First Military District consisted of one state: Virginia.
Which statement describes African Americans who emerged as political leaders during the period of Republican rule in the South?
Formerly free blacks and skilled slaves
Which statement describes African Americans who emerged as political leaders during the period of Republican rule in the South? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Formerly free blacks and skilled slaves
Which amendment to the Constitution, passed by Congress in 1866 and ratified in 1868, prohibited any state from abridging "the privileges or immunities" of any citizen or depriving "any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"?
Fourteenth
What incident proved to be the final outrage for Republicans in Congress that convinced them that they had to tighten the rules of Reconstruction under Andrew Johnson in 1866?
Georgians elected Confederate vice president Alexander Stephens to Congress.
Which of the following best assesses the role of Ulysses S. Grant in the impeachment crisis of 1868?
Grant had stepped down as secretary of war in favor of Edwin Stanton, precipitating the crisis.
How did the defection of the Liberal Republicans to Horace Greeley affect President Ulysses S. Grant's reelection effort in 1872?
Grant was unaffected and captured every electoral vote.
Why did Republicans nominate Rutherford B. Hayes for the presidential election of 1876?
He came from the important swing state of Ohio.
What did Oglala Sioux chief Red Cloud accomplish in 1868?
He convinced the United States to withdraw troops from the Bozeman Trail.
What irony is the artist attempting to demonstrate to white men in 1870s Americahttp://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_P04.jpg
Irish and black can vote but not their wives or daughters.
What benefit did sharecropping offer African Americans over the old institution of slavery?
It ended gang labor and allowed freedmen to work on their own terms.
Which of the following best assesses the significance of the election of 1876 for the South?
It made little immediate difference in the South, where Redeemers had already assumed power.
What explains the popularity of the Ghost Dance movement in the 1880s?
Its promise of Indian resurrection
Why did President Johnson veto the extension to the Freedman's Bureau and the Civil Rights Act in 1866?
Johnson was racist.
In early 1877, who replaced Supreme Court justice David Davis on the electoral commission empowered to settle the disputed presidential election of 1876?
Joseph P. Bradley
Why did wage labor not become common in cotton-producing areas of the South?
Landowners did not have the cash to pay wages.
How did President Lincoln's plan for reconstructing the South compare with Congress's 1864 plan for reconstruction, which was codified in the Wade-Davis Bill?
Lincoln's plan was more lenient.
Which aspect of work in the Reconstruction South was a crucial priority for freedmen?
Preventing black women from performing field labor
Why did the Democratic loser of the contested 1876 election, Samuel Tilden, urge Democratic House members to go along with the decision of the electoral commission?
Republican candidate Hayes had indicated his willingness to offer substantial patronage to the South.
How did the 1866 midterm election results allow Radical Republicans to assume control over Reconstruction?
Results gave Radical Republicans a large enough congressional majority to override any Johnson veto.
On November 29, 1864, Colorado militiamen under John M. Chivington massacred over a hundred Cheyenne women and children along which body of water?
Sand Creek
Which of the following ethnic groups was represented in notable numbers in the agricultural settlement of the Great Plains?
Scandinavians
to answer the following question. Click the image to view full-size. This is a map of a plantation owned by the Barrow family in 1860 in central Georgia alongside the same land in 1881, after the Civil War. What institutions new in 1881 demonstrate the increasing social standing of freedmen?http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_M02.jpg
School
What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the case of Munn v. Illinois (1877)?
States had the right to regulate businesses with a public purpose.
Why did the Grant administration's reaction to the depression that began in 1873 deepen resentment toward Washington Republicans?
The administration rejected calls for providing relief for debt and unemployment.
Which of the following regions was the last that Native Americans ceded to the United States?
The area of the North Dakota Territory to the east of the Missouri River
Which of the following can be inferred from this political cartoon from the weekly magazine The Judge?http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_P04.jpg
The artist sympathized with the anger and frustration of women.
For the nation that mourned him, what era did the life and career of William T. Sherman seem to encompass?
The era of conquest
Gertrude Bonnin, in her memories of her time at a Quaker Indian school in Indiana published in 1900, recalled one day when "late in the morning, my friend Judewin gave me a terrible warning. Judewin knew a few words of English; and she had overheard the paleface woman talk about cutting our long, heavy hair. Our mothers had taught us that only unskilled warriors who were captured had their hair shingled by the enemy." What does this memory tell us about the Native American experience in Indian schools in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
The forced assimilation in these schools was a cultural capture and defeat.
Why did the economic troubles brought on by the Panic of 1873 hit southern governments particularly hard?
The southern economy had already been growing slowly before the downturn.
Why did the economic troubles brought on by the Panic of 1873 hit southern governments particularly hard? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
The southern economy had already been growing slowly before the downturn.
What does the map suggest about the nature of southern black institutions during Reconstruction? http://www.macmillanhighered.com/externalcontent/learningcurve.bfwpub.com/question_pics/HEN_06060_14_M02.jpg
They had to form beyond the borders of plantations.
What did Republicans in Congress do in 1865 to block implementation of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?
They refused to admit southern delegates to Congress.
What service, in addition to religious services, did churches provide African Americans after the Civil War?
They served as social centers.
Why did some Republicans in the Senate vote to acquit President Andrew Johnson of criminal misconduct at the end of his impeachment trial?
They thought that removing a president over a policy dispute would be a dangerous precedent.
What made the failure of the Freedman's Savings and Trust Company (FSTC) in 1874 so tragic?
This bank was predominantly used by black farmers, charities, and small businesses.
Thaddeus Stevens advocated for freedmen to possess their own small plots of land in Reconstructed states, remarking, "Nothing will make men so industrious and moral as to let them feel that they are above want and are the owners of the soil which they till." Which principle from earlier in American history does this reference?
Thomas Jefferson's yeoman ideal
During Reconstruction, the term scalawag referred to what group of southern whites?
Those who supported Reconstruction
What was the purpose of the U.S. Fisheries Commission, created in 1871?
To prevent the further decline of wild fish populations in the American West
Congress in 1864 set aside 10 square miles of which valley for public use?
Yosemite
Andrew Johnson was the first U.S. president to be
impeached.
The creation of Yellowstone National Park in 1872 was an important early step toward a public commitment to
preservation.
The disputed 1876 presidential election differed from previously disputed results of the electoral college in 1800 and 1824 because the 1876 election
was decided by an electoral commission.