Anatomy Abdomen (Sarah's quizlet)

D. T7 intercostal nerve

A man comes into the ER with a small stab wound just inferior to the xiphoid process. The primary nerve that would conduct pain sensations from this wound is: A. cardiac nerve B. greater splanchnic nerve C. T5 intercostal nerve D. T7 intercostal nerve E. T10 intercostal nerve

D. jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon

A mesentery is defined as a double layer of peritoneum that suspends an organ from the body wall. Which of the following best describes the parts of the bowel that have mesenteries? A. all parts of the small and large bowel B. duodenum, jejunum, transverse colon C. jejunum, ileum, transverse colon D. jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon E. transverse colon, sigmoid colon

A. bifurcation of the common iliac artery, ovarian artery

As it courses inferiorly, the ureter travels anterior to the ___________ and posterior to the ___________. A. bifurcation of the common iliac artery, ovarian artery B. inferior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric vein C. inferior suprarenal artery, suprarenal vein D. marginal artery, gonadal vein E. psoas major muscle, genitofemoral nerve

T10

At what vertebral level does the esophageal hiatus occur?

b. RLQ

Cecum, appendix, R ovary, R uterine tube, R ureter, R spermatic cord, uterus if enlarged, bladder if full a. RUQ b. RLQ c. LUQ d. LLQ

c. undescended testes

Cryptorchidism refers to what? a. lack of testis b. dysfunctional cremaster muscle c. undescended testes d. patent processus vaginalis

A. colon

Epiploic appendages are a feature of the: A. colon B. duodenum C. ileum D. jejunum

c. LUQ

Left lobe of liver, spleen, stomach, jejunum and proximal ileum, left kidney, superior descending colon a. RUQ b. RLQ c. LUQ d. LLQ

A. musculophrenic B. superior epigastric C. inferior epigastric D. deep circumflex E. superficial epigastric F. superficial circumflex

Name the labeled structures.

a. RUQ

Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, pylorus of stomach, right kidney, superior ascending colon, right transverse colon a. RUQ b. RLQ c. LUQ d. LLQ

e. external and internal obliques

Rotation of the trunk is accomplished by: a. external oblique b. internal oblique c. transverse abdominus d. rectus abdominus e. external and internal obliques

d. LLQ

Sigmoid colon, descending colon, L ovary, L uterine tube, L ureter, L spermatic cord, uterus if enlarged, bladder if full a. RUQ b. RLQ c. LUQ d. LLQ

b. splenic

The L gastro-omental a comes from which branch of the celiac trunk? a. common hepatic b. splenic c. l gastric

f. transtubular

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line between each iliac tubercle. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

e. interspinous

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line between the ASIS of each ilium. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

a. midclavicular

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line from mid-clavicle to mid-inguinal ligament. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

c. subcostal

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line from the inferior borders of the 10th costal cartilage. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

b. semilunar

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line just lateral to the rectus abdominus and medial to the medial extent of the external oblique. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

d. transpyloric

The ______ plane is created by drawing a line midway between the manubrium and and pubic symphysis. a. midclavicular b. semilunar c. subcostal d. transpyloric e. interspinous f. transtubular

A. L2

The abdominal aorta typically bifurcates at: A. L2 B. L3 C. L4 D. L5 E. S1

D. splenic flexure of the colon

The blood within the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries meets near the: A. hepatic flexure of the colon B. ileocecal junction C. junction of the 2nd and 3rd parts of the duodenum D. splenic flexure of the colon E. uncinate process of pancreas

transverse mesocolon

The division between the supracolic and infracolic compartments is what structure?

a. superficial inguinal ring

The external oblique aponeurosis splits just superolateral to the pubic tubercle to form what structure? a. superficial inguinal ring b. deep inguinal ring c. inguinal canal d. femoral canal

a. ventral mesentery

The falciform ligament arises from: a. ventral mesentery b. mesentery between liver and stomach c. mesentery between stomach and intestines d. mesentery between small and large intestines

a. common hepatic

The gastroduodenal a comes from which branch of the celiac trunk? a. common hepatic b. splenic c. l gastric

c. mesentery between stomach and intestines

The greater omentum arises from: a. ventral mesentery b. mesentery between liver and stomach c. mesentery between stomach and intestines d. mesentery between small and large intestines

portal triad

The hepatoduodenal ligament contains what structures?

a. EO

The inferior edge of the aponeurosis of what muscle forms the inguinal ligament? a. EO b. IO c. RA d. transversus abdominis

iliopsoas

The inguinal ligament functions as a flexor retinaculum by retaining which muscle against the ilium?

d. mesentery between small and large intestines

The intestinal mesenteries arises from: a. ventral mesentery b. mesentery between liver and stomach c. mesentery between stomach and intestines d. mesentery between small and large intestines

b. mesentery between liver and stomach

The lesser omentum arises from: a. ventral mesentery b. mesentery between liver and stomach c. mesentery between stomach and intestines d. mesentery between small and large intestines

dorsal mesentery

The lesser omentum, greater omentum, and intestinal mesenteries are all derived from which embryonic mesentery?

lesser sac/omental bursa

The lesser omentum, stomach, greater omentum, parietal peritoneum, and transverse mesocolon all form borders of what?

b. omental foramen Also the epiploic foramen/aditus

The lesser sac and greater sac communicate via what structure on the lesser omentum? a. esophageal hiatus b. omental foramen c. aortic hiatus d. caval hiatus

C. splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

The portal vein is typically formed when the following two veins merge: A. splenic vein and gastroduodenal vein B. splenic vein and inferior mesenteric vein C. splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein D. superior mesenteric vein and inferior mesenteric vein E. superior mesenteric vein and IVC

b. deep inguinal ring

The transversalis fascia evaginates to penetrate the anterolateral abdominal wall and form what structure? a. superficial inguinal ring b. deep inguinal ring c. inguinal canal d. femoral canal

B. minor calyx

Urine that emerges from a renal papilla immediately enters: A. major calyx B. minor calyx C. renal pelvis D. renal sinus E. ureter

common hepatic, splenic, l gastric

What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk?

1. small intestines can extrude into the omental bursa and become strangulated by the foramen 2. infection can spread from greater to lesser sac (& vice versa)

What are two consequences of the omental foramen?

d. inferior epigastric and deep circumflex

What arteries arise from the external iliac artery? a. superior epigastric and inferior epigastric b. superior epigastric and musculophrenic c. musculophrenic and subcostal d. inferior epigastric and deep circumflex e. superficial circumflex and superficial epigastric

e. superficial circumflex and superficial epigastric

What arteries arise from the femoral artery? a. superior epigastric and inferior epigastric b. superior epigastric and musculophrenic c. musculophrenic and subcostal d. inferior epigastric and deep circumflex e. superficial circumflex and superficial epigastric

b. superior epigastric and musculophrenic

What arteries of the anterolateral abdominal wall arise from the internal thoracic artery? a. superior epigastric and inferior epigastric b. superior epigastric and musculophrenic c. musculophrenic and subcostal d. subcostal and deep circumflex e. superficial circumflex and superficial epigastric

plane of pelvic inlet

What divides the abdomen and the pelvic region?

c. RA aponeurosis

What does not contribute to the roof of the inguinal canal? a. EO apoenurosis b. IO aponeurosis c. RA aponeurosis d. transversus abdominis aponeurosis e. transversalis fascia

c. conjoint ligament/inguinal falx

What does not form part of the roof of the canal a. EO aponeurosis b. transversalis fascia c. conjoint ligament/inguinal falx d. musculo-aponeurotic arcades

d. transversalis fascia

What encloses the deep inguinal ring? a. EO aponeurosis b. rectus abdominus investing fascia c. transversus abdominus d. transversalis fascia e. transversus abdominus and transversalis fascia

d. transversalis fascia

What encloses the rectus abdominus posteriorly inferior to the arcuate line? a. EO aponeurosis b. rectus abdominus investing fascia c. transversus abdominus d. transversalis fascia e. transversus abdominus and transversalis fascia

e. transversus abdominus and transversalis fascia

What encloses the rectus abdominus posteriorly superior to the arcuate line? a. EO aponeurosis b. rectus abdominus investing fascia c. transversus abdominus d. transversalis fascia e. transversus abdominus and transversalis fascia

a. EO aponeurosis

What encloses the superficial inguinal ring? a. EO aponeurosis b. rectus abdominus investing fascia c. transversus abdominus d. transversalis fascia e. transversus abdominus and transversalis fascia

conjoint tendon

What forms part of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and represents a fusion that occurs between the insertional tendons of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis?

a. EO aponeurosis

What forms the anterior wall of the inguinal ring? a. EO aponeurosis b. transversalis fascia c. transversalis fascia and conjoint ligament/inguinal falx d. transversalis fascia and musculo-aponeurotic arcades

a. EO aponeurosis

What forms the floor of the inguinal ring? a. EO aponeurosis b. transversalis fascia c. transversalis fascia and conjoint ligament/inguinal falx d. transversalis fascia and musculo-aponeurotic arcades

the muscle fibers of the diaphragm at the esophageal hiatus

What forms the inferior esophageal sphincter?

c. transversalis fascia and conjoint ligament/inguinal falx

What forms the posterior wall of the inguinal ring? a. EO aponeurosis b. transversalis fascia c. transversalis fascia and conjoint ligament/inguinal falx d. transversalis fascia and musculo-aponeurotic arcades

labia majora

What is the scrotal homologue in females into which the processus vaginalis carries the layers of the abdominal wall referred to as?

phrenico-esophageal ligament

What ligament attaches the inferior esophagus to the endothoracic fascia of the diaphragm?

c. lacunar ligament

What ligament binds the femoral sheath medially, and is lateral to the pubic tubercle in the subinguinal space? a. inguinal ligament b. pectineal ligament c. lacunar ligament d. femoral ligament

female gubernaculu,

What ligament is between the ovaries and anterolateral abdominal wall, and becomes the ovarian and round ligaments?

male gubernaculum

What ligament is between the testes and anterolateral abdominal wall, and shortens to pull the testes ventally through the inguinal canal?

median arcuate ligament

What ligament surrounds the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm?

a. EO

What muscle aponeurosis forms the floor of the inguinal canal? a. EO b. IO c. RA d. transversus abdominis

b. IO

What muscle does the cremaster muscle derive from? a. EO b. IO c. RA d. transversus abdominis

b. internal oblique

What muscle does the cremaster muscle derive from? a. external oblique b. internal oblique c. transverse abdominus d. rectus abdominus

a. EO and part of the IO but mainly it's the EO

What muscle principally forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal? a. EO b. IO c. RA d. transversus abdominis

anterior rami of spinal nerves T7-T12

What nerves innervate the muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

e. transversalis fascia

What principally forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal? a. EO aponeurosis b. IO aponeurosis c. RA aponeurosis d. transversus abdominis aponeurosis e. transversalis fascia

lesser sac/omental bursa

What structure is immediately posterior to the gastrohepatic ligament?

omental foramen

What structure is immediately posterior to the hepatoduodenal ligament?

left

When EO fibers on right side and IO fibers on the left side shorten, trunk moves where?

inguinal herniation

When the processus vaginalis fails to degenerate completely, it can predispose individuals to what condition?

B. duodenum, ascending and descending colon

Which choice below lists all parts of the bowel that are retroperitoneal? A. ascending and descending colon B. duodenum, ascending and descending colon C. duodenum, jejunum, ascending and descending colon D. duodenum, jejunum, ascending, transverse and descending colon E. duodenum, jejunum, ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon

a. ventral

Which embryonic mesentery goes on to form the falciform ligament? a. ventral b. dorsal c. greater omentum d. lesser omentum

direct

Which kind of inguinal hernia is more common in adults with a weak abdominal wall and is characterized by extrusion of the intestines through the transversalis fascia, resulting in the intestines coursing outside of the spermatic cord?

indirect

Which kind of inguinal hernia is more common in children and is characterized by extrusion of the intestines through the deep inguinal ring of the patent processus vaginalis and into the center of the spermatic cord?

a. parietal

Which layer of the peritoneum lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall? a. parietal b. visceral

b. visceral

Which layer of the peritoneum lines the intraperitoneal organs? a. parietal b. visceral

hepatoduodenal ligament

Which ligament contains the portal triad?

D. transversus abdominis

Which muscle does not flex the trunk? A. external oblique B. internal oblique C. rectus abdominis D. transversus abdominis

external oblique

Which muscle originates at ribs 5-12, has fibers running anteroinferiorly, and inserts on iliac crest and external oblique aponeurosis?

internal oblique

Which muscle originates at the thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and part of the inguinal ligament, and inserts on ribs 10-12 and rectus sheath

rectus abdominus

Which muscle originates from the pubic crest inferiorly and inserts on the xiphoid and 5th-7th costal cartilages superiorly?

transverse abdominus

Which muscle originates from the thoracodorsal fascia and inner surfaces of costal cartilages 7-12 and inserts on the linea alba and IO aponeurosis at the midline?

c. kidney

Which organ does the greater omentum not address? a. spleen b. liver c. kidney d. transverse colon e. diaphragm

c. bladder

Which organ is described as subperitoneal because only the superior surface is associated with the parietal peritoneum? a. stomach b. kidneys c. bladder e. uterus

B. 2nd (descending) part

Which part of the duodenum does the common bile duct typically empty into? A. 1st part (duodenal bulb) B. 2nd (descending) part C. 3rd (transverse) part D. 4th (ascending) part

B. stomach

Which structure contributes to the anterior border of the lesser sac (omental bursa)? A. liver B. stomach C. pancreas D. spleen

B. linea alba

Which structure forms the medial border of the rectus sheath? A. inguinal ligament B. linea alba C. semilunar line D. tendinous intersection E. transumbilical plane

C. left gastric artery

You are removing a tumor from the cardiac region of the stomach near the lesser curvature. You are being careful not to damage the vessels in this area - what vessel in particular are you concerned about? A. common hepatic artery B. gastroduodenal artery C. left gastric artery D. left gastroepiploic artery E. right gastric artery

E. transversalis fascia

You are riding on the magic school bus on a trip through the human body. The bus makes a sharp turn into the pelvic cavity and you are thrown out the window. As you stand up, you discover that you are standing on the vas deferens looking into the deep (internal) inguinal ring. You decide to crawl into the inguinal canal to go exploring. If you reach out and touch the wall of the canal, the fascia you are touching is derived from: A. aponeurosis of external oblique B. aponeurosis of internal oblique C. aponeurosis of transversus abdominis D. peritoneum E. transversalis fascia

C. it protruded through the deep (internal) inguinal ring

Your patient has an indirect inguinal hernia. Which of the following describes this hernia? A. it is not contained within the spermatic fascias B. it protruded medial to the inferior epigastric vessels C. it protruded through the deep (internal) inguinal ring D. it protruded through the inguinal triangle