Anatomy and Physiology 1 The Skeletal System Study Guide

A slightly raised, elongated ridge.

line

Identify the carpal bones located in the distal row of the carpus.

trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate

The condyle that articulates with the ulna is the ________.

trochlea

These ribs have independent costal cartilages that attach to the sternum.

true ribs

A small rounded process.

tubercle

Contains the styloid process and a small ring of bone surrounding the external acoustic meatus.

tympanic part

Name the medial bone of the forearm if someone is in anatomical position.

ulna

Name the bone that, along with the ethmoid, forms the nasal septum.

vomer

Tarsal region

where the crural region and foot meet

The carpal bones form the ________.

wrist

List two reasons why the number of the bones vary with age.

-sesamoid bones form within tendons in response to stress -some bones fuse together with age

There are __________ pairs of ribs in the body.

12

A pit or socket.

Alveolus

A shallow, broad, or elongated basin.

Fossa

A small pit.

Fovea

A groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel.

Sulcus

The metatarsal proximal to the little toe is metatarsal ________.

V

The head of the femur articulates with the ________ of the os coxae.

acetabulum

Identify the part of the maxilla that will consists of raised portions of bone that lies between the roof of the teeth.

alveolar process

The limb bones and their girdles comprise the ________ skeleton.

appendicular

The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage comprise the ________ skeleton.

axial

The ________ of the vertebra is the weight bearing portion of the vertebra.

body

The largest tarsal, which forms the heel, is the ________.

calcaneus

Name the term for the group of bones that form the roof and walls of the skull.

calvaria

Tubular passage or tunnel in a bone.

canal

List the five classes of vertebrae.

cervical lumbar sacral coccygeal thoracic

List the names of the vertebral curvatures.

cervical pelvic thoracic lumbar

The slightly S-shaped bone in the upper thorax which is one of the bones of the pectoral girdle is the _________.

clavicle

List the bones of the pectoral girdle.

clavicle scapula

The ________ is a very small triangular bone made up of four or five small fused vertebrae.

coccyx

A rounded knob that articulates with another bone.

condyle

The medial and lateral ________, at the distal end of the femur, are the joint surfaces of the knee.

condyles

Brachium

contain the humerus

Femoral region

contains the femur

Manus

contains the metacarpals and phalanges

Antebrachium

contains the radius and ulna

Pedal region

contains the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges

Crural region

contains the tibia and fibia

Carpus

contains the wrist bones

The ________ facets are a feature that is unique to the body of the thoracic vertebrae.

costal

Identify the bones that comprise the pelvic girdle.

coxal bones sacrum

Collectively, the bones of the skull that protect the brain and associated sense organs are called the ________.

cranium

A narrow ridge.

crest

Indicate the order of bones from the tip of the little finger to the base of the hand on that side.

distal phalanx middle phalanx proximal phalanx metacarpal V

An extended region superior to a condyle .

epicondyle

A smooth, flat articular surface.

facet

These ribs do not have independent cartilaginous connections to the sternum.

false ribs

The ________ is a slender leg bone that functions to stabilize the ankle but does not bear any weight of the body.

fibula

A slit through a bone.

fissure

These ribs do not attach to the sternum.

floating ribs

A hole through a bone.

foramen

Identify the foramina found in the sphenoid bone.

foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen lacerum foramen spinosum

The ________ cavity is a shallow socket of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus.

glenoid

The __________ wing of the sphenoid bone forms one half of the middle cranial fossa and a part of the lateral surface of the cranium.

greater

The ________ of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the os coxae.

head

The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded.

head

The condition where the nucleus pulposes bulges through the anulus fibrosis is called a ________.

herniated disc

List the auditory ossicles.

incus malleus stapes

Name the opening between the superior and inferior vertebral notches of two adjacent vertebrae.

intervertebral foramen

________ is the common name for patella.

kneecap

An exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral column.

kyphosis

The ________ bone, located between the maxillary and ethmoid bone, forms part of the medial wall of the orbit.

lacrimal

Name of the inferior narrower part of the pelvis.

lesser (true) pelvis

An exaggerated lumbar curvature of the vertebral column.

lordosis

The foramen _________ is a large hole where the spinal cord enters the cranium.

magnum

Name the structure that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.

mandibular condyle

Found posterior to the tympanic part and is filled with small air sinuses that communicate with the middle-ear cavity.

mastoid part

List the paranasal sinuses.

maxillary ethmoid frontal sphenoid

List the bones of the distal row of the tarsal bones.

medial cuneiform lateral cuneiform intermediate cuneiform cuboid

The ________ bones form the bridge of the nose and support the cartilage that forms the lower portion.

nasal

The narrow region of the radius between the head and the radial tuberosity is the _______.

neck

When you rest your elbow on the table, the bony part of the ulna that is on the table is the _________.

olecranon

The ________ groove is the smooth depression on the anterior distal aspect of the femur that articulates with the patella.

patellar

Contain the internal acoustic meatus and the middle and inner ear cavities.

petrous part

Name the bones that makes up the fingers.

phalanges

The bones of the fingers are called ________.

phalanges

A bony outgrowth or protruding part.

protuberance

The ________ notch at the proximal end of the ulna accommodates the head of the radius.

radial

Name the bone that is located laterally within the forearm.

radius

Name the bones that provide protection to the contents of the thoracic cavity and the superior portion of the abdominal cavity.

ribs

What are the components of the thoracic cage?

ribs sternum thoracic vertebrae

Identify the bones of the sacroiliac joint.

sacrum ilium

List the sutures surrounding the parietal bones.

sagittal squamous lambdoid coronal

Name the carpal bones that are in the proximal row of the carpus.

scaphoid pisiform triquetrum lunate

The glenohumeral joint is the articulation between the __________ and the humerus.

scapula

An abnormal lateral deviation of the vertebral column.

scoliosis

An air-filled space in a bone.

sinus

Flat and vertical part that also contains the zygomatic process.

squamous part

Identify the three angles of the scapula.

superior inferior lateral

The most superior tarsal, which provides articulation with the leg, is the ________.

talus

Describe the cranial cavity.

the largest cavity in the skull; encloses brain

The ________ is the weight-bearing bone of the lower leg (crural region).

tibia

Name two functions of the ribs.

to protect the thoracic organs to protect the liver, kidney, and spleen