Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 1 TEST

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organ

2-1-4-3-5

Short Answer. The client was admitted to the hospital with hypertension. The development of arteriosclerosis has increased peripheral resistance to blood flow, worsening his hypertension. This is an example of what type of feedback loop and why?

ASK MRS OWALABI

Which body cavity holds the brain?

B

Which part holds the spinal cord?

C

Which body cavity contains both the pleural and pericardial cavities?

D

Which body cavity is divided into 4 quadrants and 9 regions?

E

Is "blood glucose levels" negative or positive feedback?

Negative feedback

Is "blood pressure" negative or positive feedback?

Negative feedback

Is "blood clotting" negative or positive feedback?

Positive feedback

A solution that has a pH of 2 could best be described as being __________. a. acidic b. basic c. slightly acidic d. neutral

a. acidic

A parasagittal plane is ______________. a. any sagittal plane except the median b. any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior c. two cuts dividing into anterior and posterior d. a transverse cut just above the knees

a. any sagittal plane except the median

The anatomical position is used _________. a. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body. b. only when a body is lying down c. as the most comfortable way to stand when directing a specimen d. rarely, because people don't usually assume this position

a. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body.

A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be _________. a. enhancement of labor contractions b. regulating glucose levels in the blood c. blood calcium level regulation d. body temperature regulation

a. enhancement of labor contractions

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of ____________. a. glycogen b. glucose c. cholesterol d. triglycerides

a. glycogen

The study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy, but as a whole you would say it is ________ anatomy. a. gross b. microscopic c. developmental d. systemic

a. gross

What system directly causes mechanical motions? a. muscular b. integumentary c. nervous

a. muscular

The upper arm is ____________ to the forearm a. proximal b. superior c. distal d. anterior

a. proximal

An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood stream would be best described as an example of _______. a. responsiveness b. maintaining boundaries c. excretion of metabolic waste d. metabolism

a. responsiveness

Which of these is NOT part of the dorsal cavity? a. thoracic cavity b. spinal cord c. cranial cavity d. vertebral cavity

a. thoracic cavity

Short Answer. The _____________ cavity contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum.

abdominopelvic

Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain? a. x-ray b. MRI c. PET d. DSA

b. MRI

What system protects underlying organs from mechanical damage and synthesize vitamin D? a. muscular b. integumentary c. nervous

b. integumentary

Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? a. negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. b. negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body c. positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host d. blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms

b. negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body

Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli a. immune b. nervous c. endocrine d. lymphatic

b. nervous

Survival needs of the body include _________. a. water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement b. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen c. nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction d. nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction

b. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen

A vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, is called ___________. a. transverse b. sagittal c. frontal d. regional

b. sagittal

The heart is __________ to the stomach. a. proximal b. superior c. distal d. anterior

b. superior

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains _________. a. a static state with no deviation from present points b. a dynamic state within an unlimited range c. a relatively stable internal environment, within limits d. the lowest possible energy usage

c. a relatively stable internal environment, within limits

The frontal plane is also called the ___________ plane. a. vertical b. median c. coronal d. oblique

c. coronal

The toes are _____________ to the thigh. a. proximal b. superior c. distal d. anterior

c. distal

What system responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses? a. muscular b. integumentary c. nervous

c. nervous

The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT __________. a. thumbs pointed laterally b. body erect c. palms turned posteriorly d. arms at the side

c. palms turned posteriorly

The stomach is ___________ to the spine. a. proximal b. superior c. distal d. anterior

d. anterior

Which body cavity protects the nervous system? a. thoracic b. cranial c. vertebral d. dorsal

d. dorsal

_________ means toward or at the back of the body, behind. a. distal b. lateral c. anterior d. dorsal

d. dorsal

The lungs are located in the following cavities __________. a. mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral b. pleural, dorsal, and abdominal c. pericardial, ventral, and thoracic d. pleural, ventral, and thoracic

d. pleural, ventral, and thoracic

A horizontal section through the body is called a. frontal b. sagittal c. regional d. transverse

d. transverse

Short Answer. The lungs are _________ to the skin.

deep

T/F- Anatomy studies how the brain functions, while physiology looks at the structure of the brain.

false

T/F- The right hypochondriac region is lateral to the hypogastric region.

false

T/F- The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum.

false

Short Answer. ___________ is a broad term that covers all chemical reactions that occur within the body cells.

metabolism

Short Answer. _____________ is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function of specific organ systems.

physiology

Short Answer. ______________ consists of similar cells that have a common function.

tissue

T/F- Positive feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus.

true

T/F- Salts and charged particle in the blood are known as electrolytes.

true

T/F- The epigastric region is located superior to the umbilical region.

true

T/F- Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance.

true