Anatomy and Physiology II Nervous System

What is the correct order for the events of neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal? 1. Extracellular Ca2+Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm 2. Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft 3. Action potential reaches axon terminal 4. Ca2+ protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane 5. Voltage-gated Ca2+Ca2+ channels open

3. Action potential reaches axon terminal 5. Voltage gated Ca+ channels open 1. Extracellular Ca2+ enters terminal and binds to sensor protein in the cytoplasm 4. Ca2+ protein complex stimulates fusion of the docked synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane 2. Exocytosis of neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft

are large cells that ensheath many different axons.

Oligodendrocytes

If extracellular calcium was absent, which would likely be true?

Vesicles containing neurotransmitter would not merge with the plasma membrane.

Pain receptors in the skin send signals to the CNS for processing. These pain receptors are an example of _________blank neurons.

afferent

Which glial cell is starlike in shape and helps form the blood-brain barrier?

astrocytes

The membrane of a contractile cardiac muscle cell contains

calcium pumps that move calcium out of the cell.

Nitric oxide is a neuromodulator that

causes some blood vessels to dilate

Ependymal cells help produce

cerebrospinal fluid

An axon with a large diameter transmits an impulse _____ than an axon with a smaller diameter.

faster

Which glial cell acts as a phagocyte?

microglial cell

The most common type of neuron contains many dendrites and a single axon. Structurally, this is classified as a(n) _________blank neuron.

multipolar

What type of cells produce the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?

oligodendrocytes

Neurolemmocytes produce myelin in the _________blank nervous system.

peripheral

The _________blank nervous system transmits information from receptors to the CNS, while the _________blank nervous system transmits information from the CNS to the rest of the body.

sensory, motor

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)

will make it more difficult for the postsynpatic neuron to reach threshold.