Anatomy and Physiology Lab Quizs Test 3

The substance ______ directly antagonizes the effect of calcitonin. A. glucocorticoid B. insulin C. thyroxine D. parathyroid hormone

D. parathyroid hormone

Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to dorsiflex the foot? A.Median n. B.Musculocutaneous n. C.Tibial n. D.Phrenic n. E.Common fibular n. F.Obturator n. G.Femoral n.

E.Common fibular n.

Which area of the brain is known as the relay station for afferent fibers traveling to the sensory cortex for interpretation of the impulse signal? A.Pineal body B.Pons C.Medulla oblongata D.Hypothalamus E.Thalamus

E.Thalamus

The concentration of glucose in the blood increases > the _____________ releases the hormone _________________> the level of the hormone in the blood rises > the hormone _____________ causes uptake of _______________ by cells, glycogenesis > blood glucose levels __________________ > the level of the hormone insulin in the blood_______________ Word choices; increase increases decrease decreases liver pancreas thyroid insulin glucose glycogen

The concentration of glucose in the blood increases > the releases the hormone > the level of the hormone in the blood rises > the hormone causes uptake of by cells, glycogenesis > blood glucose levels > the level of the hormone insulin in the blood .

The corpus callosum is a large tract of white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres. True False

True

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the hypothalamus and is released at the _____________. A.neurohypophysis B.anterior pituitary C.adenohypophysis D.thalamus

A.neurohypophysis

Is storage of fats and glucose an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

Which main structure does the inferior gluteal nerve supply? A.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh B.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin C.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand D.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand E.Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg F.Gluteus maximus muscle G.Diaphragm muscle

F.Gluteus maximus muscle

Which main structure does the radial nerve supply? A.Diaphragm muscle B.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin C.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand D.Gluteus maximus muscle E.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh F.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand G.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen

F.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand

The target tissue(s) of the hormone, calcitonin, is_____________.The target tissue of the hormone, oxytocin, is_____________.

bone, mammary glands

___________is secreted when calcium ion levels in the blood rise, and it triggers osteoblast activity and bone deposition.

calcitonin

If there is a low concentration of glucose in the blood,__________ triggers the release of stored ____________ from the liver.

glucagon, glucose

The main effect of_________which is secreted by the__________is that it causes glucose uptake into cells to decrease blood glucose.

insulin, pancreas

The____________ gland(s) are found on the posterior side of the______________ gland(s)

parathyroid, thyroid

Which of the following statements accurately defines arachnoid mater? A.The middle meninx covering the brain B.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain C.Portion of the brain that recognizes fear and releases endorphins D.Posterior portion of the brain that monitors ongoing movement

A.The middle meninx covering the brain

Which of the following statements accurately defines pia mater? A.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain B.The outermost of the three meninges covering the brain C.Nuclei in the cerebrum that monitor voluntary motor functions D.The most superior portion of the brainstem

A.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain

The lateral sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes. A. False B. True

A. False

Which of the following statements accurately defines hypothalamus? A.Anteroinferior portion of the diencephalon responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of many physiologic variables and vital processes B.The spaces between the two layers of the dura mater that drain cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood from the brain C.Structures of the spinal cord D.All of the above

A.Anteroinferior portion of the diencephalon responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of many physiologic variables and vital processe

Which area of the brain is responsible for the regulation of posture and coordination of skeletal muscle movements? A.Cerebellum B.Pineal body C.Pons D.Hypothalamus E.Medulla oblongata

A.Cerebellum

Which main structure does the phrenic nerve supply? A.Diaphragm muscle B.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen C.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin D.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh E.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand F.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand G.Gluteus maximus muscle

A.Diaphragm muscle

Which of the following statements accurately defines thyroid gland? A.Gland located in the anteroinferior neck; composed of thyroid follicles that produce thyroid hormone and calcitonin B.Modified sweat glands that produce milk for offspring C.Bundles of axons grouped together and bound by the perineurium D.A small gland that surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra

A.Gland located in the anteroinferior neck; composed of thyroid follicles that produce thyroid hormone and calcitonin

Which of the following is an example of feedback inhibition? A.Low blood sugar inhibits insulin. B.Insulin lowers blood sugar. C.GH causes osteoblast division. D.PTH raises blood calcium levels.

A.Low blood sugar inhibits insulin.

Which of the following statements accurately defines testes? A.Male reproductive organs that produce testosterone B.A cell that has only one member of each chromosome pair C.The process of oocyte formation that takes place in the ovary and the uterine tube D.Both B and C are correct

A.Male reproductive organs that produce testosterone

Is increased micturition an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

A.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

Which of the following statements accurately defines pons? A.Portion of the brainstem lying inferior to the midbrain and superior to the medulla oblongata B.Small structure that carries out many of the body's homeostatic functions; anteroinferior portion of the diencephalon C.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain D.The spaces between the two layers of the dura mater that drain cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood from the brain

A.Portion of the brainstem lying inferior to the midbrain and superior to the medulla oblongata

Which of the following statements accurately defines pineal gland? A.Small gland located in the posterior/superior diencephalon; secretes melatonin in response to decreased light levels B.Gland located on anteroinferior neck; composed of thyroid follicles that produce thyroid hormone and calcitonin C.Diverse ductless gland that plays a major role in regulating the body's homeostasis through the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream D.Branches off of the primary bronchi that each serve one lobe of the lung

A.Small gland located in the posterior/superior diencephalon; secretes melatonin in response to decreased light levels

Which of the following statements accurately defines Node of Ranvier? A.Spaces between segments of the myelin sheath B.Tissue that contains ground substance as the dominant component; found as part of the basement membrane and in the walls of hollow organs C.An electrical impulse conducted along the neuron membrane D.A small potential space that contains serous fluid; located between the two layers of the serous pericardium

A.Spaces between segments of the myelin sheath

Is constriction of blood vessels serving skin and abdominal viscera an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

Which of the following statements accurately defines epineurium? A.The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve B.Fluid-filled space at a synapse through which neurotransmitters diffuse C.A vesicle containing neurotransmitters in the axon terminal of a neuron D.The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for rest and digestion

A.The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve

Which of the following statements accurately defines neuron? A.The cells of nervous tissue that generate and transmit action potentials B.Central area of the cell containing centrioles C.A fatty sheath found around certain axons that increases the speed of conduction of a nerve impulse D.Control center of the cell; contains the cell's DNA

A.The cells of nervous tissue that generate and transmit action potentials

Which of the following statements accurately defines medulla oblongata? A.The most inferior portion of the brainstem B.Dark regions of the striations in the brain tissue that consist of thick and thin filaments or thick filaments only C.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain D.A fatty sheath found around certain axons that increases the speed of conduction of a nerve impulse

A.The most inferior portion of the brainstem

Which of the following statements accurately defines midbrain? A.The most superior portion of the brainstem B.Bundle of nerves in the center of the brain C.The senses of smell and taste D.Deep postural brain muscles that run along the vertebral column

A.The most superior portion of the brainstem

The _____ system includes the glands that release their secretions directly into the blood. A.endocrine B.excretory C.exocrine D.circulatory

A.endocrine

The spinal cord extends from the __________ of the occipital bone to the __________ vertebra. It terminates as the __________ and gives off a bundle of nerve roots called the __________. A.foramen magnum, 1st/2nd lumbar, conus medullaris, cauda equina B.conus medullaris, 1st/2nd lumbar, foramen magnum, cauda equina C.1st/2nd lumbar, conus medullaris, foramen magnum, cauda equina D.cauda equina, 1st/2nd lumbar, foramen magnum, conus medullaris

A.foramen magnum, 1st/2nd lumbar, conus medullaris, cauda equina

The spinal cord extends from the ___________. A.medulla oblongata to the 2nd lumbar vertebra B.brainstem to the 5th lumbar vertebra C.middle of the brainstem to the 5th lumbar vertebra D.1st cervical vertebra to the 5th lumbar vertebra

A.medulla oblongata to the 2nd lumbar vertebra

Which main structure does the common fibular nerve supply? A.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen B.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin C.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand D.Gluteus maximus muscle E.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand F.Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg G.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh

B.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin

Which of the following statements accurately defines fascicle? A.Bundle of nerves in the center of the brain B.Bundles of axons grouped together and bound by the perineurium C.Found at the end of each telodendria, they contain synaptic vesicles D.Peripheral nerves that originate from the spinal cord

B.Bundles of axons grouped together and bound by the perineurium

Which of the following statements accurately defines neuroglial cell? A.A fatty sheath found around certain axons that increases the speed of conduction of a nerve impulse B.Cells of nervous tissue that surround and support neurons C.Central area of the cell containing centrioles D.The biosynthetic center of the neuron

B.Cells of nervous tissue that surround and support neurons

Which of the following statements accurately defines endocrine organ (gland)? A.A homeostatic mechanism in which a deviation in a physiologic variable triggers a response that restores the variable to its set point; when the set point is restored, the response decreases B.Diverse ductless glands that play a major role in maintaining the body's homeostasis through the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream C.Series of highly branching passages that conduct air to the structures for gas exchange D.The inferior diencephalon; releases hormones that stimulate or inhibit the anterior pituitary and two hormones (ADH and oxytocin) that are stored in the posterior pituitary

B.Diverse ductless glands that play a major role in maintaining the body's homeostasis through the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream

The right cerebral hemisphere receives sensory output from the right side of the body. A.True B.False

B.False

Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to feel the skin over the anterolateral thigh? A.Sciatic n. and branches B.Lateral femoral cutaneous n. C.Tibial n. D.Musculocutaneous n. E.Saphenous n. F.Obturator n. G.Ulnar n.

B.Lateral femoral cutaneous n.

Which main structure does the ulnar nerve supply? A.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin B.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand C.Diaphragm muscle D.Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg E.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh F.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen G.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand

B.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand

Is changing the shape of the lens for near vision an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

Is constriction of the pupils an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

Is decreased heart rate an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

B.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)

Which of the following statements accurately defines cerebellum? A.Tough but flexible tissue resistant to tension, stretching, and compressive forces B.Posterior portion of the brain that monitors ongoing movement C.The outer 2 mm of the cerebrum; consists of gray matter D.Extracellular matrix surrounding brain fibers

B.Posterior portion of the brain that monitors ongoing movement

Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to extend the forearm and hand? A.Sciatic n. and branches B.Radial n. C.Axillary n. D.Phrenic n. E.Tibial n. F.Musculocutaneous n. G.Median n.

B.Radial n.

The autonomic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system innervates all but which of the following? A.Heart B.Skeletal muscles C.Intestinal muscles D.Pancreas E.Liver

B.Skeletal muscles

Which of the following statements accurately defines cerebral hemispheres? A.Attachment of a muscle that generally remains fixed during muscular contraction B.Superior part of the brain accounting for the great majority of its mass C.One of two general types of bones found in the skull that encase the brain D.The most superior portion of the brainstem

B.Superior part of the brain accounting for the great majority of its mass

Which of the following statements accurately defines axon terminal? A.Series of membranes B.Swollen area found at the end of each telodendrion that contains synaptic vesicles C.Sites of lipid and cholesterol synthesis and metabolism; drug and toxin detoxification D.A vesicle containing neurotransmitters in the axon terminal of a neuron

B.Swollen area found at the end of each telodendrion that contains synaptic vesicles

Is decreased secretion from digestive glands an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

Is dilation of the bronchioles an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

Is increased blood pressure an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A.Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

B.Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

Which of the following statements accurately defines cauda equina? A.Nuclei in the cerebrum that monitor voluntary motor functions B.Tuft of nerve roots extending from the conus medullaris C.Cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid D.Long, thin, fibrous extension from the spinal cord

B.Tuft of nerve roots extending from the conus medullaris

In a negative feedback loop, you would expect secretion from an endocrine gland to ______________ after homeostasis has been restored. A.increase B.decrease C.remain the sam

B.decrease

The main visceral autonomic center of the brain, which regulates body temperature, water balance, and pain, is known as the __________. A.pons B.hypothalamus C.cerebellum D.thalamus E.None of the above

B.hypothalamus

The three types of meninges are known as _______________. A.Pia mater, arachane mater, and dural mater B.pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater C.Pia mater, arachnoid mater, and durol mater D.pia mater and dura materE.pia mater, arachidonic mater, and durham mater

B.pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater

The longitudinal fissure separates the _______________________. A.sulci B.right and left hemispheres of the brain C.anterior and posterior hemispheres of the brain D.cerebral aqueduct E.frontal and occipital lobes of the brain

B.right and left hemispheres of the brain

Which main structure does the obturator nerve supply? A. Gluteus maximus muscle B. Diaphragm muscle C. Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh D. Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand E. Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin F. Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand G. Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg

C. Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh

A hormone is best described as a A.chemical released into the extracellular fluid that affects neighboring cells. B.chemical released by a neuron directly onto a target cell .C.chemical released into the bloodstream that typically acts on distant targets. D.All of the above describe hormones.

C.chemical released into the bloodstream that typically acts on distant targets.

Which main structure does the femoral nerve supply? A.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh B.Gluteus maximus muscle C.Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg D.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen E.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin F.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand G.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand

C.Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg

Which of the following statements accurately defines gray matter horns (anterior, posterior, lateral)? A.Cerebral white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres B.Columns of white matter found in the spinal cord C.Areas of the gray matter in the spinal column D.Superior part of the brain accounting for the great majority of its mass

C.Areas of the gray matter in the spinal column

Which of the following statements accurately defines dendrite? A.Hairlike extensions from the plasma membrane that propel substances past the cell B.Cell taller than it is wide with a round nucleus generally located near the base of the cell C.Branching process of the neuron that transmits electrical potentials toward the cell body D.Both A and C are correct

C.Branching process of the neuron that transmits electrical potentials toward the cell body

Which of the following statements accurately defines peripheral nerve? A.Process of the neuron that carries a nerve impulse away from the cell body toward the target cell B.Small structure that carries out many of the body's homeostatic functions C.Bundles of axons that travel together in a common connective tissue sheath D.Superior part of the brain accounting for the great majority of its mass

C.Bundles of axons that travel together in a common connective tissue sheath

Which of the following statements accurately defines hormone? A.Superficial region of the adrenal gland that consists of glandular tissue and secretes steroid hormones B.Largest/most active during infancy and childhood when secreting thymosin and thymopoietin C.Chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream by endocrine glands that initiate a change in a target cell D.Bundles of axons grouped together and bound by the perineurium

C.Chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream by endocrine glands that initiate a change in a target cell

Which of the following statements accurately defines thalamus? A.Terminal end of the spinal cord B.Spaces between segments of the myelin sheath C.Egg-shaped mass of gray and white matter that serves as the gateway for information going into the cerebrum; largest component of the diencephalon D.Areas of the gray matter in the spinal column

C.Egg-shaped mass of gray and white matter that serves as the gateway for information going into the cerebrum; largest component of the diencephalon

Which of the following statements accurately defines ovaries? A.Leukocyte lacking cytoplasmic granules B.Male reproductive organs that produce testosterone C.Female reproductive organs that produce estrogens and progesterone D.Extraembryonic membrane formed by trophoblast

C.Female reproductive organs that produce estrogens and progesterone

Which of the following statements accurately defines corpus callosum? A.Peripheral nerves that originate from the brain B.Parts of a peripheral nerve C.Large tract of cerebral white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemisphere D.Both A and C are correct

C.Large tract of cerebral white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemisphere

Which of the following statements accurately defines filum terminale? A.A small potential space that contains serous fluid B.Terminal end of the spinal cord C.Long, thin, fibrous extension from the spinal cord D.Cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid

C.Long, thin, fibrous extension from the spinal cord

Which area of the brain contains the autonomic centers that regulate blood pressure and respiratory rhythm, such as coughing and sneezing centers? A.Hypothalamus B.Pons C.Medulla oblongata D.Pineal body E.None of the above

C.Medulla oblongata

Which of the following statements accurately defines axon? A.Site of protein synthesis B.Region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane that contains the cytosol and organelles C.Process of the neuron that generates and transmits action potentials D.Extracellular matrix surrounding muscle fibers

C.Process of the neuron that generates and transmits action potentials

Which of the following spaces around the spinal cord is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? A.Epidural space B.Subdural space C.Subarachnoid space D.All of the above.

C.Subarachnoid space

Which of the following statements accurately defines conus medullaris? A.Tuft of nerve roots extending from the conus medullaris B.Group of muscle fibers surrounded by the perimysium C.Terminal end of the spinal cord D.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain

C.Terminal end of the spinal cord

Which of the following statements accurately defines perineurium? A.Extracellular matrix surrounding brain fibers B.The CT sheath that surrounds each individual axon C.The CT sheath that surrounds each individual fascicle D.The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve

C.The CT sheath that surrounds each individual fascicle

Which of the following statements accurately defines dural sinuses? A.Portion of the brainstem lying inferior to the midbrain and superior to the medulla oblongata B.Egg-shaped mass of gray and white matter that serves as the gateway for information going into the cerebrum; largest component of the diencephalon C.The spaces between the two layers of the dura mater that drain cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood from the brain D.Cerebral white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres

C.The spaces between the two layers of the dura mater that drain cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood from the brain

Which of the following statements accurately defines sacral plexus? A.The ventral rami of C5-T1 that serve the upper limb B.The ventral rami of C1-C4 (and a small contribution from C5) that serve the head and neck C.The ventral rami of L4-S4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb D.The ventral rami of L1-L4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb

C.The ventral rami of L4-S4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb

The parasympathetic division ________________________. A.causes an increase in metabolism B.decreases blood flow to the skin C.mediates many reflexes that regulate the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems D.is responsible for the fight-or-flight response

C.mediates many reflexes that regulate the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems

Sympathetic stimulation of the iris causes _______________. A.a glucose reduction in the iris smooth muscle B.vitreous secretion C.pupillary dilatation D.pupillary constriction E.astigmatism

C.pupillary dilatation

Which of the following statements accurately defines sympathetic nervous system? A.Intersecting groups of nerves that serve the same body region B.The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for emotion C.The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for rest and digestion D.The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for stress and exercise

D.The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for stress and exercise

Which of the following statements accurately defines dura mater? A.The middle meninx covering the brain B.The most inferior portion of the brainstem C.The innermost of the three meninges covering the brain D.The outermost of the three meninges covering the brain

D.The outermost of the three meninges covering the brain

Put the events of a reflex arc in order from the first event through the last event. 1. CNS sends output via motor neurons to an effector. 2. Sensory neurons bring the stimulus to the CNS. 3. The muscle contracts. 4. CNS processes and integrates the information. 5. Sensory receptor detects the stimulus. A.5, 4, 2, 3, 1 B.1, 3, 4, 2, 5 C.3, 1, 2, 4, 5 D.5, 2, 4, 1, 3 E.2, 5, 1, 3, 4

D.5, 2, 4, 1, 3

Which of the following statements accurately defines myelin sheath? A.Two or more layers of epithelial cells and the underlying basal lamina B.Fluid-filled space at a synapse through which neurotransmitters diffuse C.Connective tissue consisting of cells called erythrocytes and leukocytes and an extracellular matrix called plasma D.A fatty sheath found around certain axons that increases the speed of conduction of an action potential

D.A fatty sheath found around certain axons that increases the speed of conduction of an action potential

Which main structure do the intercostal nerves supply? A.Diaphragm muscle B.Muscles of the forearm that flex the hand, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand C.Medial thigh muscles, skin of the superomedial thigh D.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen E.Muscles on the posterior arm that extend the forearm, muscles of the forearm that extend the hand, skin on lateral hand F.Gluteus maximus muscle G.Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin

D.Abdominal muscles, skin of the abdomen

The endocrine and nervous systems are similar because both _______________. A.maintain homeostasis B.release chemicals that bind specifically to certain cells C.control the activities of other organs D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The endocrine system ________________. A.regulates body activities through the production of hormones B.involves the secretion of hormones via ductless glands C.directs long-term regulation D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The hypothalamus _________________. A.is the highest level of endocrine control B.integrates the activities of the endocrine and nervous systems C.secretes regulatory hormones D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which of the following statements accurately defines cerebral cortex? A.The outer 2 mm of the cerebrum B.Consists of gray matter C.The plasma membrane of the brain D.Both A and B are correct

D.Both A and B are correct

Which of the following statements accurately defines parathyroid glands? A.Three to five small glands located on the posterior thyroid gland B.Secrete parathyroid hormones that maintain calcium homeostasis C.Secrete melatonin in response to decreased light levels D.Both A and B are correct

D.Both A and B are correct

Which of the following statements accurately defines anterior pituitary? A.Secretes hormones that largely affect other glands B.Stores ADH and oxytocin produced by the hypothalamus C.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland D.Both A and C are correct

D.Both A and C are correct

Which of the following statements accurately defines ventricles? A.Large vein that carries blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium B.Three-cusped structure between the right atrium and right ventricle that prevents the flow of blood back into the right atrium C.A small potential space that contains serous fluid; located between the two layers of the serous pericardium D.Cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid

D.Cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid

Which of the following statements accurately defines thymus? A.Male reproductive organs that produce testosterone B.A structure within the ovary where developing oocytes are encased within cells C.Endocrine and exocrine gland that secretes insulin and glucagon from pancreatic islets D.Gland located in the superior mediastinum; largest/most active during infancy and childhood when secreting thymosin and thymopoietin

D.Gland located in the superior mediastinum; largest/most active during infancy and childhood when secreting thymosin and thymopoietin

Which of the following statements accurately defines spinal nerve? A.An electrical impulse conducted along the neuron membrane B.Nerve endings in the dermis that function as deep pressure receptors C.Cell in the deep part of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin D.Peripheral nerves that attach to the spinal cord

D.Peripheral nerves that attach to the spinal cord

Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to breathe? A.Femoral n. B.Musculocutaneous n. C.Common fibular n. D.Phrenic n. E.Saphenous n. F.Obturator n. G.Lateral femoral cutaneous n.

D.Phrenic n.

Which of the following glands does NOT belong to the endocrine system? A.Pituitary B.Parathyroid C.Thyroid D.Salivary

D.Salivary

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine organ histology? A.The adrenal medulla is modified nervous tissue of the parasympathetic nervous system. B.The thyroid gland consists of rings of stratified cuboidal follicle cells surrounding colloid. C.The pancreas has an exocrine portion consisting of pancreatic islets and an endocrine portion consisting of acinar cells. D.The adrenal cortex has three zones of cells that secrete steroid hormones.

D.The adrenal cortex has three zones of cells that secrete steroid hormones.

Which of the following statements accurately defines target tissue? A.The genetic makeup of an organism or what a cell contains in its DNA B.A variant form of a gene C.Inner layer of the pleural membrane that adheres tightly to the lung D.Tissue that contains the cells with contain receptors for a particular hormone

D.Tissue that contains the cells with contain receptors for a particular hormone

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system __________________. A.slows heartbeat and lowers blood pressure B.allows the body to relax rather than prepare for fight or flight C.increases the flow of watery saliva D.causes the pupils to dilate E.stimulates peristaltic contractions of the intestinal system

D.causes the pupils to dilate

Gray matter consists of A.unmyelinated axons. B.myelinated cell bodies, dendrites, and axons. C.myelinated axons. D.cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons.

D.cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons.

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the A.arachnoid granulations. B.dural sinuses. C.ventricles of the brain. D.choroid plexuses.

D.choroid plexuses.

The cerebral cortex is the outer 2 mm of white matter of the cerebrum. True False

False

The diencephalon consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. True False

False

The primary motor area in the temporal lobe is involved in the initiation of voluntary movements. False True

False

True or False? Aldosterone is the adrenal hormone responsible for the stress response. True False

False

True or False? Parathyroid hormone triggers actions that lower the concentration of calcium ions in the blood. True False

False

Which of the following sets of hormones are antagonists? A.Insulin and glucagon B.Epinephrine and norepinephrine C.Growth hormone and thyroxine D.Calcitonin and cortisol

Insulin and glucagon

The outer, tough meninx around the brain is the dura mater. True False

True

True or False? The posterior pituitary produces no hormones of its own. True False

True

The posterior pituitary secretes___________and the thyroid gland secretes____________

antidiuretic hormone, calcitonin

The concentration of the blood increases (i.e. there is inadequate water in the blood) > the hypothalamus releases the hormone ----------- and stores it in the --------------- > the stored hormone ---------------- is released and so its level in the blood rises > the hormone --------------causes water retention from the ---------------> the concentration of the blood------------------ Word choices: antidiuretic hormone anterior pituitary posterior pituitary lungs kidneys increases decreases

antidiuretic hormone, posterior pituitary, antidiuretic hormone, antidiuretic hormone, kidneys, decreases