Anatomy Chapter 12 - immunology (like mine)

Regardless of whether it matures into a B cell or a T cell, a lymphocyte that is capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it is said to be

immunocompetent

The study of immunity is

immunology

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease:

AIDS

The fluid that is forced out of the capillary beds by hydrostatic and osmotic pressures and into the tissue spaces is called

naturally acquired active immunity

The specific type of acquired immunity that a fetus obtains from maternal antibodies that cross the placenta is called

naturally acquired passive immunity

The process by which antibodies bind to specific sites on bacterial exotoxins (toxic chemicals secreted by bacteria) to block their harmful effects is called

neutralization

Which one of the following CANNOT be said about the history of immunity

scientists of the mid-1900s discovered the vital origin of AIDS

Which of the following substances is NOT typically perceived as an antigen

self-antigens

The body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is:

skin and mucous membranes

Compared to the nonspecific chemicals that cover body surfaces and mucous membranes, the specific body defense system is

slower

Vaccines are NOT for

snake bites

Which lymphatic organs's major job is to destroy worn-out red blood cells and return some of the products to the liver

spleen

Which of these lymphoid organs is found along the left side of the abdominal cavity:

spleen

The inflammatory process begins with release of chemicals, which do all of the following EXCEPT

stimulate release of lysozyme

Fever has the effect of doing all of the following EXCEPT

stimulating complement fixation

Which one of the following is NOT true of basic antibody structure

the light chains are often of differing lengths

Which one of the following is NOT a mechanism that aids lymph return

the pumping action of the heart

The relatively common autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts

Graves' disease

Which one of the following is NOT true of macrophages

they circulate continuously throughout the body

Which one of the following is NOT true of the constant (C) regions of antibodies

they form an antigen-binding site

Which one of the following is NOT true of lymph nodes

they have valves similar to those found in veins

Lymph from the left arm would return to the heart through the

thoracic duct

The lymph organ that programs T cells and functions at peak levels only during youth is the

thymus

Which lymphoid tissues trap and remove bacteria entering the throat

tonsils

Lymph flows

towards the heart only

Immune sera are used for all of the following EXCEPT

tuberculosis

Antigen presentation is essential for the activation and clonal selection of

T cells

An isograft is a tissue graft donated by

an identical twin

Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses

antibody production

Which one of the following is NOT a type of lymphoid organ

appendix

What specific type of acquired immunity do vaccines provide

artificially acquired active immunity

B cells develop immunocompetence in the

bone marrow

The migration of phagocytes and white blood cells to an inflamed area along a chemical gradient is called

chemotaxis

Which one of the following is NOT a method by which antibodies inactivate antigens

chemotaxis

Allergic contact dermatitis following skin contact with poison ivy would normally lead to

delayed hypersensitivity

The process by which neutrophils are squeezed through the capillary walls during the inflammatory process is called

diapedesis

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four most common indicators of the inflammatory response

fever

Which one of the following is NOT a type of immunosupressive therapy given after surgery to prevent rejection of a graft

gamma globulin

The body's temperature-regulating "thermostat" that can be reset upward in response to pyrogens is located in the

hypothalamus

Which one of the following is NOT one of the antibody classes

IgB

With immediate hypersensitivity, the antibody class that binds to mast cells and basophils that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals is

IgE

The specific antibody class that has the ability to cross the placental barrier and provide immunity to the fetus is

IgM

The lymph tissues found within the walls of the small intestine are called

Peyer's patches

the specific foreign substances that an individual's immune system has the ability to recognize and resist is determined by:

individual genetic makeup

Tissues invaded by viruses, which attempt to replicate themselves by taking over cellular machinery, secrete small proteins called ______ to protect nearby cells and hinder further multiplication of the viruses

interferon

IgA

is mainly found in mucus and secretions such as tears and saliva