Anatomy Chapter 12 - immunology (like mine)
Regardless of whether it matures into a B cell or a T cell, a lymphocyte that is capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it is said to be
immunocompetent
The study of immunity is
immunology
Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease:
AIDS
The fluid that is forced out of the capillary beds by hydrostatic and osmotic pressures and into the tissue spaces is called
naturally acquired active immunity
The specific type of acquired immunity that a fetus obtains from maternal antibodies that cross the placenta is called
naturally acquired passive immunity
The process by which antibodies bind to specific sites on bacterial exotoxins (toxic chemicals secreted by bacteria) to block their harmful effects is called
neutralization
Which one of the following CANNOT be said about the history of immunity
scientists of the mid-1900s discovered the vital origin of AIDS
Which of the following substances is NOT typically perceived as an antigen
self-antigens
The body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is:
skin and mucous membranes
Compared to the nonspecific chemicals that cover body surfaces and mucous membranes, the specific body defense system is
slower
Vaccines are NOT for
snake bites
Which lymphatic organs's major job is to destroy worn-out red blood cells and return some of the products to the liver
spleen
Which of these lymphoid organs is found along the left side of the abdominal cavity:
spleen
The inflammatory process begins with release of chemicals, which do all of the following EXCEPT
stimulate release of lysozyme
Fever has the effect of doing all of the following EXCEPT
stimulating complement fixation
Which one of the following is NOT true of basic antibody structure
the light chains are often of differing lengths
Which one of the following is NOT a mechanism that aids lymph return
the pumping action of the heart
The relatively common autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts
Graves' disease
Which one of the following is NOT true of macrophages
they circulate continuously throughout the body
Which one of the following is NOT true of the constant (C) regions of antibodies
they form an antigen-binding site
Which one of the following is NOT true of lymph nodes
they have valves similar to those found in veins
Lymph from the left arm would return to the heart through the
thoracic duct
The lymph organ that programs T cells and functions at peak levels only during youth is the
thymus
Which lymphoid tissues trap and remove bacteria entering the throat
tonsils
Lymph flows
towards the heart only
Immune sera are used for all of the following EXCEPT
tuberculosis
Antigen presentation is essential for the activation and clonal selection of
T cells
An isograft is a tissue graft donated by
an identical twin
Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses
antibody production
Which one of the following is NOT a type of lymphoid organ
appendix
What specific type of acquired immunity do vaccines provide
artificially acquired active immunity
B cells develop immunocompetence in the
bone marrow
The migration of phagocytes and white blood cells to an inflamed area along a chemical gradient is called
chemotaxis
Which one of the following is NOT a method by which antibodies inactivate antigens
chemotaxis
Allergic contact dermatitis following skin contact with poison ivy would normally lead to
delayed hypersensitivity
The process by which neutrophils are squeezed through the capillary walls during the inflammatory process is called
diapedesis
Which one of the following is NOT one of the four most common indicators of the inflammatory response
fever
Which one of the following is NOT a type of immunosupressive therapy given after surgery to prevent rejection of a graft
gamma globulin
The body's temperature-regulating "thermostat" that can be reset upward in response to pyrogens is located in the
hypothalamus
Which one of the following is NOT one of the antibody classes
IgB
With immediate hypersensitivity, the antibody class that binds to mast cells and basophils that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals is
IgE
The specific antibody class that has the ability to cross the placental barrier and provide immunity to the fetus is
IgM
The lymph tissues found within the walls of the small intestine are called
Peyer's patches
the specific foreign substances that an individual's immune system has the ability to recognize and resist is determined by:
individual genetic makeup
Tissues invaded by viruses, which attempt to replicate themselves by taking over cellular machinery, secrete small proteins called ______ to protect nearby cells and hinder further multiplication of the viruses
interferon
IgA
is mainly found in mucus and secretions such as tears and saliva
