Anatomy Chapter 13
A/an ______ synapse is formed when a presynaptic neuron synapses with the cell body of a postsynaptic neuron
axosomatic
The soma of a mature neuron lacks
centrioles
Neurons receive incoming signals by way of specialized processes called
dendrites
Neurons arise from embryonic
ectoderm
All of the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord is called the
peripheral nervous system
At a given synapse, the _____ neuron has neurotransmitter receptors
postsynaptic
Motor effects that depend on repetitive output from a neural pool are most likely to use the ______ type of neural circuit
reverberating
Neurotransmitters are found in
the axon terminal
Which of the following appears earlier than all the rest in prenatal development of the nervous system
the neural plate
Nerves that directly control the motility of the stomach or rate of the heartbeat would belong to
the visceral motor division
Neurons that convey information to the CNS are called sensory, or ______, neurons.
afferent
Prenatal degeneration of the forebrain results in a birth defect called
anencephaly
The glial cells that guide migrating neurons in the developing fetal brain are
astrocytes
In the peripheral nervous system, the somas of the neurons are concentrated in enlarged, knotlike structures called _____ connected to the nerves
ganglia
The integrative functions of the nervous system are performed mainly by
interneurons
The glial cells that destroy microorganisms
microglia
Another name for the axon of a neuron is
nerve fiber
The _____ and _____ are necessary for regeneration of damaged nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system
neurilemma, endoneurium
In the central nervous system, cells called ______ perform one of the same functions that Schwann cells do in the peripheral nervous system
oligodendrocytes
A friend takes a flash photograph of you, and you continue to see an image of the flash unit for several seconds afterward. This phenomenon is the result of a _______ circuit
parallel after-discharge