Anatomy Final - Chapter 1

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organ A. 2-1-4-3-5 B. 1-2-4-3-5 C. 2-1-3-4-5 D. 1-2-3-4-5

A. 2-1-4-3-5

______ cavities are spaces between bones. A. synovial B. nasal C. orbital D. oral

A. Synovial

The heart lies in the ______ cavity? A. ventral pericardial. B. dorsal mediastinum. C. dorsal pericardial. D. ventral pleural.

A. Ventral Pericardial.

What is homeostasis?

the ability to remain relatively stable internally in an ever-changing environment.

Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membrane. A. Visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the walls of the heart. B. Serous membranes are divided into parietal and visceral membranes with a potential space between the two. C. Serosa are very thin, double-layered structures. D. Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid.

A. Visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the walls of the heart.

The parietal pleural would represent a serous membrane ______. A. lining the thoracic cavity. B. covering individual lungs. C. lining the abdominal cavity. D. covering the heart.

A. lining the thoracic cavity.

The bridge of the nose is _____ to the left eye. A. medial B. anterior C. distal D. proximal E. superior

A. medial

The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60 to 80% of body weight, is ______. A. water B. hydrogen C. oxygen D. protein

A. water

The stomach is _____ to the spine. A. medial B. anterior C. distal D. proximal E. superior

B. Anterior

Which of the following would not be functional characteristics of life? A. maintenance of boundaries. B. decay. C. responsiveness to external stimuli. D. movement.

B. Decay.

A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be _____. A. a complex tissue. B. an organ. C. a complex cell. D. an organ system.

B. an organ.

A parasagittal plane is ______. A. two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves. B. any sagittal plane except the median. C. a transverse cut just above the knees. D. any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior.

B. any sagittal plane except the median.

The spleen is located in which abdominopelvic quadrant? A. left lower B. left upper C. right upper D. right lower

B. left upper

Histology could be defined as the study of______? A. the gross structures of the body. B. tissues. C. cells. D. cell chemistry.

B. tissues.

The anatomical position is used _________. A. rarely, because people don't usually assume this position. B. as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a cadaver. C. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body. D. only when a body is lying down.

C. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body.

The fingers are _____ to the wrist. A. medial B. anterior C. distal D. proximal E. superior

C. distal

Survival needs of the body include _____. A. nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction. B. nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction. C. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen. D. water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement.

C. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen.

The lungs are located in the following cavities ____. A. pericadial, ventral, and thoracic. B. mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral. C. pleural, ventral, and thoracic. D. pleural, dorsal, and abdominal.

C. pleural, ventral, and thoracic.

The cavities between bone are called _____ cavities. A. pericardial B. vertebral C. synovial D. parietal

C. synovial

_____ means toward or at the back of the body, behind. A. Distal B. Anterior C. Lateral D. Posterior

D. Posterior.

The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following? A. liver. B. lungs. C. intestines. D. brain.

D. brain.

The frontal plane is also called the _____ plane. A. vertical. B. median. C. oblique. D. coronal.

D. coronal.

Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? A. stomach B. liver C. appendix D. intestines

D. intestines

An oblique cut is one that _____. A. is cut horizontal right and left. B. is cut perpendicular to vertical and horizontal. C. is cut vertical right and left. D. is cut between the vertical and horizontal.

D. is cut between the vertical and horizontal.

The anatomical position is characterized by all the following except ____. A. body erect. B. thumbs pointed laterally. C. arms at sides. D. palms turned posteriorly.

D. palms turned posteriorly.

The upper arm is _____ to the forearm. A. medial B. anterior C. distal D. proximal E. superior

D. proximal

Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? A. spinal cord B. cranial cavity C. vertebral cavity D. thoracic cavity

D. thoracic cavity

A horizontal section through the body is called ______. A. regional. B. sagittal. C. frontal. D. transverse.

D. transverse.

The heart is _____ to the stomach. A. medial B. anterior C. distal D. proximal E. superior

E. superior

What is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Low blood sugar. When glucose levels in the blood are low (less than 80 mg/dL), the pancreas is triggered to release glucagon. The glucagon then converts glucose into glycogen in the liver and pumps the glycogen into the blood. When the levels rise to normal, the liver stops releasing sugar and the system shuts off.

What is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Uterine contractions during childbirth. When the baby's head pushes against the cervix, the pituitary gland begins secreting oxytocin. The oxytocin then causes the uterus to contract. The process stops after birth.

What is a positive feedback mechanism?

enhancing of the stimulus.

What is a negative feedback mechanism?

responds to the output by shutting off the stimulus.