Anatomy Final: MC questions

What part of axis (C2) allows you to pivot your head left and right as if to say "no"?

Dens

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?

Diaphysis

T or F: Osteoporosis is a bone-thinning disease that often affects young women.

False

Which bone has a trochlea and capitulum at its distal end?

Humerus

Select the functional type of joint with the least amount of mobility.

Synarthrosis

T or F: The medial malleolus of the tibia and lateral malleolus of the fibula form the two parts of the ankle.

True

T or F: The skeletal system is divided into 2 parts: the axial skeleton, the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body, and the appendicular skeleton, the bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the skeleton

True

What type of rib connects directly to the sternum by way of costal cartilage?

True ribs only

How would you classify the shoulder and hip joints?

ball and socket joint

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as

canaliculi

From superior to inferior, what is the correct order of the vertebrae?

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar

A fracture in the _______ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child.

epiphyseal plate

The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as _____.

long bones

The process of bone formation is known as______.

ossification

The arrangement of bone tissue shown in Figure 5.3 consists of ______.

osteons (Haversian systems)

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.

short

The axial skeleton contains _______.

skull, true and false ribs, vertebrae

The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the _______ sutures.

squamous

What will decrease a person's risk for development of the bone-thinning disease known as osteoporosis

weight-bearing exercises

What bones are commonly referred to as the cheekbones?

zygomatic bones

Explain the five functions of the skeletal system.

1. Support—the skeletal system forms the body's internal structural framework. The bones of the legs act as pillars to support the body trunk when we stand, and the rib cage supports the thoracic wall. 2. Movement—the skeletal muscles, attached to bones by tendons, use the bones as levers to move the body and its parts. 3. Protection—bones, such as the skull, thorax, and pelvis, protect the enclosed soft body organs. 4. Storage—fat is stored in the internal cavities of bones. Bones also serve as a storehouse for minerals, the most important being calcium and phosphorus. 5. Hematopoiesis—blood cell formation occurs within the red marrow of certain bones.

Which spinal curvatures is associated with the lower back and appears when a baby begins to walk?

Lumbar

When growing bones widen through appositional growth, what kind of cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?

Osteoblasts

What type of joint is characterized by the presence of a joint cavity, ligaments, and articular cartilage with an articular capsule?

Synovial joint

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? a) regulation of blood pressure b) support the body c) protection of soft body organs d) storage of fat and minerals

a) regulation of blood pressure

Two or more bones meet at a location called an _______.

articulation (joint)

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the _______ skeleton.

axial

Which of these bones is the most inferior? a) lumbar vertebrae b) sacrum c) atlas d) axis e) coccyx

coccyx

An eighty-six-year old woman has lost several inches of height due to crushed bone in her vertebrae. What type is common in osteoporotic bones of older people?

compression

You're assisting with an exam for a young boy who broke the distal ends of his fibula and tibia. The physician examined the X-ray and discussed the evaluation with the family. The conversation focused on the potential loss of lengthwise growth at the broken end of the boy's bones. From this information, you assess the break must have affected the _______

epiphyseal plate

The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the _______.

foramen magnum

The head of the humerus fits into the _______ of the scapula.

glenoid cavity

What part of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?

head

The type of joint shown in Figure 5.4 is _______.

synovial joint

You examine an articulated skeleton in the laboratory and determine the skeleton to be a female since

the distance between the female ischial spines is greater than in a male