Anatomy Midterm
Which type of burn affects the epidermis and only a part of the dermis?
2nd degree
Which type of burn destroys not only the dermis and epidermis but also most nerve endings?
3rd degree
Which type of skin cancer is the most frequently occurring?
Basal cell carcinoma
Which of the following is a congenital disorder of the capillaries in the dermis?
Birthmarks
which chemicals must be present for muscles to contract?
Calcium and ATP
Sweat is produced by?
Eccrine glands
Which structures are formed by keratinization?
Hair, stratum corneum, and nails
Melanocytes contribute to skin color by producing a pigment called?
Melanin
Melanin is produced by what?
Melanocytes
The lowest layer of the epidermis where cells are reproducing is called?
Stratum basale
where to actin and myosin overlap
a-band
Which of the following is not a viral infection of the skin? (warts, measles, chicken pox, acne)
acne
the sebaceous gland is responsible for what?
acne
the hypodermis consists of loose connective tissue and...?
adipose tissue
goosebumps occur because of contraction of which muscle?
arrector pili
causes hair to stand up
arrector pili muscle
a common term for chronic inflammation of a joint is
arthritis
which type of skin cancer does not metastasize?
basal cell carcinoma
all of the following are synovial joints except? (cartilaginous joints, gliding joints, saddle joints, hinge joints)
cartilaginous joints
acetylcholine
causes an action potential to begin in muscle fibers
anaerobic respiration
causes fatigue, produces lactic acid, produces oxygen debt
what makes the reticular layer strong and elastic?
collagen and elastin
Which type of bone is a solid matrix with tightly packed cells?
compact bone
which fracture is common in older people due to osteoporosis
compression fracture
during short periods (10-15 seconds) of intense exercise, muscles will use which of the following for fuel? (glucose, fat, creatine phosphate, glycogen)
creatine phosphate
The papillary layer is a part of the?
dermis
stratum where most cell division occurs
dermis, and stratum basale
the shaft of a long bone is called
diaphysis
sweat glands located all over the body are called?
eccrine
top layer of skin
epidermis
the site of bone growth on a long bone is called
epiphyseal plate
what would skeletal muscles use for fuel during aerobic respiration?
fat
the joints in the skill are called
fibrous joint
where hair growth begins
hair bulb
the "tube" in which hair grows
hair follicle
in the second step of bone formation
hyaline cartilage is covered with bone matrix...??
a person who exhibits very large muscle has the condition of
hypertrophy
the lowest layer of skin, mostly loose connective tissue and adipose tissue
hypodermis
which fracture is common when a person tries to break their fall with outstretched arms
impacted fracture
spongy bone is located
in the epiphysis
aa ball and socket joint is located
in the hip
layer in which cells have undergone a chemical change and have formed layers, sometimes 25 layers thick
keratinized layer
Aging skin has what?
less collagen, less elastin, more transparency
which of the following is filled with yellow marrow
medullary cavity
the matrix for the bone cells and the skeletal system includes all of the following except? (myelin, collagen, calcium, phosphorus)
myelin
the process of bone formation from cartilage is called
ossification
which of the following must be present for aerobic respiration? (carbon dioxide, lactic acid, glucose, oxygen)
oxygen
located in the dermis, responsible for fingerprints
papillary layer
the outer covering of bone is known as
periosteum
blood cells produced from within the bone are called
red marrow
located in the dermis, it is the deepest layer of the dermis
reticular layer
the part of a skeletal muscle from z-line to z-line is called
sarcomere
which structure contains large amounts of calcium used for muscle?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
keeps the skin from drying out, located attached to hair follicle
sebaceous gland
which layer of skin is associated with dandruff, calluses, and corns?
stratum corneum
which of the following is not part of a synovial joint? (cartilage, joint capsule, ligaments, sutures)
sutures
produces water to cool the skin, helps regulate body temperature
sweat gland
what are the functions of the skin?
temp. regulation, excretion, protection
which of the following are not feature of compact bone? (osteocytes, haversian canal, lamellae, trabeculae)
trabeculae
rickets is caused by a deficiency of which vitamin?
vitamin D