Anatomy Quiz 1: Gluteal Region

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What could cause a trendelenberg gait?

Damage from an intramuscular injection

Where is the tensor fascia latae (TFL) located?

Directly opposite of the gluteus maximus anteriorly

How could the IT band become tight?

Gluteus Maximus pulling too hard

Where does piriformis exit?

Greater sciatic foramen

Lateral thickening of fascia lata plus tendinous fibers of gluteus maximus

Iliotibial Tract

Separates gluteus maximus from ischial tuberosity

Ischial Bursa

What does the IT band blend with?

Patellar Retinaculum at the knee

Supplies sensation of posterior thigh

Posterior femoral cutaneous n

Ligament deep to gluteus maximus

Sacraltuberous Ligament (ST Ligament)

What goes through the suprapiriformis space?

Superior gluteal neurovasculature

Caused by weakness to gluteus medius and minimus

Trendelenberg Gait

Separates gluteus maximus from greater trochanter

Trochanteric Bursa

What 5 things go through the infrapiriformis space?

~Inferior gluteal a & n ~Internal pudendal a ~Pudendal n ~Sciatic n ~Posterior femoral cutaneous n

Supplies the structure in pelvis and perineum

~Internal pudendal a ~Pudenal n

What is the primary function of the gluteal region?

~Lateral Rotator ~Abductors of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of tensor fascia latae?

~ORIGIN: ASIS & iliac tubercle ~INSERT: IT band ~NERVE: Superior gluteal nerve ~FUNCTION: acts on IT band; abducts hip, medial rotation, flexion of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of gluteus minimus?

~ORIGIN: between anterior and inferior gluteal line ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~NERVE: superior gluteal ~FUNCTION: abducts hip, keeps hip "level" in single limb stance

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of obturator externus?

~ORIGIN: external surface of obturator foramen rim ~INSERT: trochanteric fossa of femur ~NERVE: obturator nerve ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip

What is the origin & insertion of the IT band?

~ORIGIN: iliac tubercle ~INSERT: gerdy's tubercle

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of the gluteus medius?

~ORIGIN: ilium (between posterior and anterior gluteal line) ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~NERVE: superior gluteal ~FUNCTION: abducts hip (distal segment); stabilizes pelvis (proximal segment)- keeps hip "level" in single limb stance

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of obturator internus?

~ORIGIN: intrapelvic surface of obturator foramen ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~INNERVATION: twigs from sacral plexus ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of superior gemellus?

~ORIGIN: ischial spine ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~NERVE: twigs from sacral plexus ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of inferior gemellus?

~ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~NERVE: twigs from sacral plexus ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of quadratus femoris?

~ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity ~INSERT: quadrate tubercle ~NERVE: twigs from sacral plexus ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of piriformis?

~ORIGIN: lateral aspect of sacrum ~INSERT: greater trochanter ~NERVE: twigs from sacral plexus ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation and abduction of hip

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of gluteus maximus?

~ORIGIN: posterior gluteal line of ilium, sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament ~INSERT: IT band (superficial fibers), gluteal tuberosity (deep fibers) ~NERVE: inferior gluteal ~FUNCTION: lateral rotation of hip; primary hip extensor, trunk extension

What are the 6 deep lateral rotator muscles?

~Piriformis ~Superior Gemellus ~Inferior Gemellus ~Obturator Internus ~Obturator Externus ~Quadrus Femoris

What 2 ligaments turn the greater sciatic notch into a foramen?

~Sacrospinous ligament ~Sacrotuberous ligament

What are the 2 spaces created as the piriformis exits?

~Suprapiriformis space ~Infrapiriformis space


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