Anatomy Quiz Endocrine

What is the function of the parathyroid glands?

Control Calcium levels in the blood and bones

How do the endocrine secretions move out of the pancreas?

Hormones are released into the bloodstream and are transported throughout the body via blood.

The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus via what structure?

Infundibulum

Identify the hormone-secreting structures located within the pancreas?

Islets of Langerhan

Which endocrine gland consists of spherical sacs lined by simple cuboidal epithelium that contains colloid?

Thyroid Gland

Which endorcrine gland is primarily responsible for basal metabolic rate?

Thyroid gland

Which two nuclei of the hypothalamus synthesize hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary?

Supraoptic and Paraventricular Nuclei

During castration, which endocrine organs are removed? Which primary sex hormone is released by this organ?

Testes/Testosterone

What role does this hormone play in voice change during puberty?

Testosterone causes larynx to enlarge and causes a deeper, lower voice

The thyroid gland is unique because it stores a significant amount of hormone. In what form are thyroid hormones stored within the thyroid gland?

thyroglobulin

Which endocrine gland releases a hormone that acts to increase blood calcium?

Parathyroid hormone

What hormones, released by these glands, is responsible for its regulatory role in the body? How does this hormone exert its effects?

1. Osteoclasts break down bone matrix and release calcium into the blood 2. Vitamin D is activated to help calcium absorption in small intestine 3. Calcium is reabsorbed in the kidney

Which endocrine gland consists of an inner medulla and an outer cortex, all of which is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule?

Adrenal Gland

Which endocrine gland plays a critical role in both our short-term and long-term responses to stress?

Adrenal Gland

Identify two regions of the adrenal cortex?

Adrenal Medulla and Adrenal Cortex

Identify the two principal parts of the pituitary gland?

Anterior pituitary and Posterior Pituitary

The anterior pituitary consists of which of the 4 primary tissue types?

Epithelial Tissue

Identify the two micro-endocrine organs within the ovary?

Follicle and Coprus Luteum

Identify the three types of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex?

Glucocorticoids Androgens Mineralocorticoids

The pituitary gland is considered part of the diencephalon, and is closely controlled by what other part of the diencephalon?

Hypothalamus

The posterior pituitary consists of which of the 4 primary tissue types?

Nervous tissue

Which adrenal hormones are critical for short term responses to stress?

Norepi & Epi

Tumors in the pituitary gland are often associated with visual disturbances due to the gland's close proximity to which structures?

Optic Chiasm

Which endocrine glands are located on the posterior surface of the thyroid?

Parathyroid gland

Which endrocine organ is primarily responsible for the control of blood glucose?

Pancreas

Identify the hormone that is released by chief cells of the parathyroid hormone?

Parathyroid Hormone

What is the major endocrine function of the pancreas?

Produce and release insulin to control blood sugar levels

Identify one steroid hormone produced by the ovary?

Progesterone or Estrogen

The colloid inside thyroid follicles consists of what large protein?

Thyroglobulin

What other physicial charateristics would you expect the "castrati" to exhibit or not exhibit?

They'd have very little pubic hair, small genitals, non-muscular build and a longer/larger chest cavity

What is the name of the thick connective tissue that covers the testes?

Tunica Albuginea