Andrus AP World Bentley Ch 37

Viet minh

Independence of Vietnam, organization that led the struggle for Vietnamese independence from French rule

Indira Gandhi

Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was the fourth Prime Minister of India and a central figure of the Indian National Congress party.

Jawaharlal Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics for much of the 20th century.

Jomo Kenyatta

Jomo Kenyatta was the leader of Kenya from independence in 1963 to his death in 1978, serving first as Prime Minister and then as President. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation.

Juan peron

Juan Domingo Perón was an Argentine military officer and politician.

Kwame Nkrumah

Kwame Nkrumah, P.C. was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1951 to 1966.

Lyndon Johnson

Lyndon Baines Johnson, often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States, a position he assumed after his service as the 37th Vice President.

Eva "Evita" peron

María Eva Duarte de Perón was the second wife of Argentine President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952.

FLN

National liberation front - French

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

PEMEX

Petróleos Mexicanos, which translates to Mexican Petroleums, is the Mexican state-owned petroleum company, created in 1938 by nationalized petroleum and the expropriation of all private foreign and domestic companies at that time.

Samoza family

The Somoza family was an influential political dynasty who ruled Nicaragua as a family dictatorship from 1936 to 1979

ho chi minh

Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Deng xiaoping

a Chinese revolutionary and statesman. He was the leader of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1992

Cultural revolution

a chaotic mass movement in the People's Republic of China. Mao Zedong launched it in 1966, claiming that elitists were undermining the government and Chinese society.

Balfour declaration

a letter from the United Kingdom's Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland.

Sandinistas

a member of a left-wing Nicaraguan political organization, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), which came to power in 1979 after overthrowing the dictator Anastasio Somoza

Liberation theology

a movement in Christian theology, developed mainly by Latin American Roman Catholics, that emphasizes liberation from social, political, and economic oppression as an anticipation of ultimate salvation.

Pan African unity

an ideology and movement that encourages the solidarity of Africans worldwide

Dienbienphu

climactic confrontation of the First Indochina War between the French Union's French Far East Expeditionary Corps and Viet Minh communist-nationalist revolutionaries.

Vo Nguyen Giap

general in the Vietnam People's Army and a politician

Non-Alignment movement

is a group of states which are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc

Iranian revolution

refers to events involving the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who was supported by the United States

Gamal Abdel Nasser

second President of Egypt, serving from 1956 until his death. He planned the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy, and was deputy prime minister in the new government.

Intifada

the Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, beginning in 1987.

Negritude

the affirmation or consciousness of the value of black or African culture, heritage, and identity.

Dependency theory

the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped states to a "core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former.

Tianenmen square

the site of major student demonstrations in 1989 suppressed by the government

Jihad

(among Muslims) a war or struggle against unbelievers.

Apartheid

(in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

Vietnaminization

(in the Vietnam War) the US policy of withdrawing its troops and transferring the responsibility and direction of the war effort to the government of South Vietnam.

The year of africa

1961 the year that many African colonies got their independence

Suez Canal crisis

A major international incident that arose in 1956 from the decision by Gamal A. Nasser of Egypt to nationalize the Suez Canal, which long had been controlled by Great Britain.

ANC

African national congress

Great leap forward

China's failed attempt at industrializing the country all at once

Ayatollah Khomeini

Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers (1900-1989)

Sharia law

Islamic legal system derived from commands in the basic texts of Islam, the Quran and Hadith

Shah reza Pahlavi

Reza Shah Pahlavi, born Reza Khan, was the Shah of the Iran from 15 December 1925 until he was forced to abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on 16 September 1941.

Richard nixon

Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974 when he became the only U.S. president to resign the office.

Saddam Hussein

Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.

F. W. De Klerk

South African politician who served as the country's State President from September 1989 to May 1994

Pakistan

The Islamic state separate from India

Israel

The Jewish state in the middle east

El Milagro mexicano

The Mexican miracle