Animal Science Companion Animals

Which of the following can be taught to a pup by the dam?

*all of these answers are correct canine body language bite inhibition tolerance of touch

Cats typically do best when their water is:

*all of these answers are correct placed away from food source clean, fresh and in a "safe" drinking spot. offered in a variety of different dishes, in different locations

Puppies have adult teeth that begin to erupt around:

2 -3 months

Puppyhood training actually begins with socialization of the puppy, which should begin at age:

3 weeks

Arrange the following so that they are in proper order for CC-DS:

3,2,1,4 1. remove stimulus 2. introduce stimulus 3. give treat 4. remove treat

The socialization phase of development for Canis lupus familiaris is _____________ following birth.

3-12 weeks

We recognize ____ stages of development in the puppy.

7

Which of the following is not a regulatory agency for pet food manufacturing?

AAFCO

The taxonomic classification of the dog is:

Canis lupus familiaris.

With respect to the condition known as "dystocia", which of the following would be a potential outcome?

Cesarean section ("C-section") surgery.

Regarding the American Kennel Club Working Dog class, which of the statements is true?

Each breed in this class/group will physically mature to a large size relative to most other AKC - recognized breeds.

All dogs (and all animals) with brachycephalic skulls will experience Brachycephalic Airway Obstructive Syndrome.

False

Almost all puppies with heart murmurs will typically not survive to adulthood.

False

Companion animals are only domestic animals.

False

During the pre-natal phase of development, the pups are in utero. This protects them from harm if the bitch is stressed or poorly nourished.

False

Ear cropping is legal in the United States but banned in multiple states. It is expected to become illegal in this country by 2022.

False

Heart murmurs in puppies are always fatal.

False

Hypoglycemia in puppies is a result of early onset juvenile diabetes.

False

Puppies who have hernias will always require surgical care, and usually the care required is emergent, meaning as soon as it is diagnosed.

False

The American Kennel Club is the only breed registry that requires its registered dogs to conform to breed standards. Hence, there are rising societal concerns regarding this largely American construct.

False

The American Veterinary Medication Association has issued a strong statement opposing the practice of breeding extreme morphologies such as brachycephalism, and has recommended the language be removed from breed standards.

False

Training should be focused on intentional periods that are specific to training, and should not involve other areas of the puppy's life such as grooming, travel and feeding times.

False

Weaning should be done abruptly around 7 weeks of age so that pups are ready for the transition into new homes away from litter and dam by 8 weeks.

False

By American Heritage Dictionary and Merriam Webster Dictionary standards, and those standards followed by the vast majority of scientific publications, which of the following would be grammatically correct?

German shepherd dog

You are publishing the results of a research project in the Journal of Animal Science. This journal follows the spelling guidelines of the American Heritage Dictionary. According to those guidelines, which of the following would be correct:

German shepherd dog.

Beagles, Belgian malinois and Dalamatians have been used as examples of breeds prone to surges in popularity due to what?

Hollywood movie productions featuring the breed.

There are two free PDF's in Canvas called Before You Get Your Puppy and After You Get Your Puppy. These are excellent, timeless resources. These books were written by a veterinarian who started the Association for Pet Dog Training, which some of you may recognize as the certifying body for trainers who say they are CPDT (or CPDT-KA or CPDT-KSA) certified. The name of this person is:

Ian Dunbar

By its definition, reinforcement will ______ the likelihood that a behavior will happen again.

Increase

The U.S. companion animal industry has been growing every year since the American Pet Products Association first began tracking with their surveys in 1988. Which of the following describes its value from 2018-2020?

It continued growing 2018 and 2019, with 2020 values also predicted to grow in spite of the economic downturn during the pandemic.

Which of the following is not a disease prevented by a canine core vaccination?

Lyme disease

Open fontanelle in the Chihuahua is called:

Molera

Which of the following was not a primary trait that humans selected for when developing the dogs of the working group?

Not correct; intelligence

The Maltese breed originated:

Over two thousand years prior to current times, with records demonstrating the breed's popularity as a house pet in Roman times.

This dog breed is recognized for tenacity and skill at hunting and killing prey species.

Parson Russell terrier

You are watching a corgi at an agility trial. The corgi has no visible tail. It would therefore be reasonable to assume that this is a _________ Welsh corgi.

Pembroke

The AVMA defines responsible pet ownership as a commitment of time and money that is intentional for the life of the pet. They also define it as a ______________.

Privilege

A luxating patella affects which joint in the dog?

Stifle

Which of the following statements about tail docking is correct?

Tail docking is banned in Great Britain with limited exception. When done, it must be performed by a veterinarian.

Which statement is true?

The AVMA has created a policy statement on responsible pet breeding, and in this statement, they advise against breeding animals that will produce offspring with deleterious inherited disorders, including brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

In order to be effective, the microchip must not only be inserted under the skin of the animal, but must then be registered to the owner of the animal.

True

Mixed breed dogs, by definition, lack predictable physical and behavioral traits possessed by purebred dogs.

True

The American Veterinary Medical Association and the American Animal Hospital Association have issued position statements against ear cropping and tail docking that are done solely for cosmetic reasons.

True

The terms "positive" and "negative" as used in the applications of punishment and reinforcement impy that something is added or taken away, respectively.

True

Effective and humane socialization should not be which of the following?

Unsupervised

Which of the following would be potential components of a veterinary wellness examination.

`physical examination Correct! all of these answers may be components of a wellness examination. vaccination parasite screening

Belgian malinois are characterized by which of the following statements:

a breed similar in appearance to the German shepherd dog but smaller in stature. a breed used for work that frequently involves military, police, and protection. *any of these are correct. a breed in the herding group.

The African grey parrot is an example of which of the following?

a non-domestic animal often bred and kept in captivity as a pet.

Although commonly referred to as a "barkless breed", the Basenji has a vocalization that sounds most like:

a raspy yodel.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. Not all domestic animals are kept as companion animals

Which of the following is not a trait that selective breeding must have changed in order for an animal to be considered domesticated?

a. Physiological traits b. Behavioral traits c. Physical traits d. All are traits that selective breeding must have changed for domestication

A purebred dog will, ideally, possess which of the following?

a. Predictable physical and behavioral characteristics

A breeding between a wolf and a domestic dog results in:

a. a hybrid animal which may or may not be tame

"MSL" as discussed in this course, refers to:

a. a litter of puppies sired by more than one male

Which of the following is a physical feature of domestication?

a. coat color pattern

Not only does ownership require responsibility for the care of the pet, but it also requires:

a. consideration of the neighbors and family members. b. consideration of the environment, especially sensitive wildlife habitat. c. consideration of roommates and other household pets. d. all of the above

Gastric dilation and volvulus (GDV) is a medical condition that:

a. is a life-threatening disorder requiring immediate veterinarian care. b. often appears as a distressed dog making repetitive retching and gagging sounds. c. can affect any dog, but commonly affects older, large-breed dogs. d. all of the above.

Depending on the severity to which an individual dog is affected, hip dysplasia may cause:

a. lameness b. arthritis c. discomfort / pain d. all of the above

Responsible pet ownership includes which of the following:

a. providing exercise and mental stimulation appropriate to the pet's age, breed, and health status. b. providing preventive care (vaccination, wellness exam, dental care, etc) c. providing socialization and appropriate training for pet, which facilitates their well-being and the well-being of other animals and people d. All of the above are examples of responsible pet ownership.

Which of the following animals could be considered a companion animal?

all of these animals could be considered by a human as their companion. -green-cheeked conure. -a neighborhood cat with no home, but fed by the neighborhood association. bearded dragon.

The neural crest cell hypothesis (which is posted in Canvas, along with challenges to it) proposes a science-based explanation for which of the following:

all of these answers are correct -shorter snouts / muzzles -floppy ears as opposed to erect ears. -coat color changes.

Domestication, for the purposes of this course, is defined as:

altering an animal's genetics through controlled (selective) breeding.

Dog domestication is:

an ongoing debate among scientists

Behavior modification can be challenging because:

animals often have high motivation to perform the behavior you don't want, and you need to find a way to motivate them to try the behavior you do want. inadvertent reinforcement or inconsistent training can be common issues. *all of these pose challenges when beginning to practice behavior modification. the process is focused on modification, not cure, and owners can have unclear or unreasonable expectations of the animal at the outset.

Generally speaking, the opportunity to socialize a puppy during the socialization phase is due to the fact that puppies:

are willing to explore in a relatively fear-free manner.

Core vaccines are typically:

associated with infectious diseases posing risks of high morbidity and high mortality.

The modern domestic dog is:

b. Canis lupus familiaris

As humans were selecting desirable traits in the domestication of dogs, they often chose dogs who exhibited neoteny. Please select the trait that does not demonstrate neoteny.

b. Long snout

_________________________ has been modified or bred out of many modern purebred dog breeds.

b. Prey drive

What condition would you expect to see in a dog suffering from hypothyroidism?

b. hair loss

Akitas, Newfoundlands, and malamutes are breeds that represent which AKC group?

b. working

You are directing the rescue of 4 five-week old pups found in a tree stump hollow after the bitch was found dead on the highway, and the pups were heard crying (true story). You direct the volunteers and rescue staff to do which of the following (once the pups have been examined, treated for exposure / hunger and stabilized):

begin the Rule of Sevens on the pups, as you are already two weeks behind schedule.

One of the most important traits that domestication of dogs has created is bite inhibition. Which of three parts of the domestication syndrome is the development of bite inhibition considered to be?

behavioral

An animal who is not showing fearful body language is said to be:

below threshold

We discussed the fear continuum. Which of the following is not part of the fear continuum?

bite inhibition

Which of the following breeds is remarkable for intelligence among all animal species, not just domestic dogs?

border collie

The dome-shaped, shortened-muzzle appearance that is common throughout the toy breed group is called:

brachycephalism

The word "companion" has Latin roots that mean:

c. COM - with; PANIS - bread

Which statement best reflects the AVMA's position on companion animal ownership?

c. Companion animal ownership is a privilege, and the animals deserve an intentional commitment of the owner's resources, for the life of the pet.

The AVMA lists six responsibilities pet owners should accept if they own a pet. Which of the following is not one of those responsibilities as it pertains to dog ownership?

c. Register your pet through the appropriate Kennel Club

A young man had a chicken for several years that he interacted with every day. The chicken would follow him around the farm and he taught the chicken tricks. He received great pleasure from working with his chicken. His neighbor, a young girl, grew chickens that she would feed and water every day, and then take to the market to sell for food. To her, the chickens were a source of income. Which statement is true?

c. The boy's chicken is a companion animal but the girl's chickens are not because they are production animals

To the people who keep skunks in their homes as pets, are they considered to be companion animals?

c. Yes, a companion animal can be non-domesticated as long as it is cared for by the owner and contributes to the human-animal bond

Domestication, for the purposes of this course, is defined as:

c. altering an animal's genetics through controlled (selective) breeding

An AKC registered puppy has which of the following as part of the registration?

c. known birthdate, known dam, known sire

Breed standards provide:

c. predictable physical and behavioral traits

Which of the following is not a reason for the range and frequency of the genetic disease problem in modern domestic dogs?

c. widespread use of natural breeding instead of artificial insemination as much of the production animal industry has done.

Cats are obligate carnivores. They depend on which of the following nutrients from animal-sources?

certain vitamins * all of these answers are correct certain amino acids certain fatty acids

The dachshund breed standard allows variation in:

coat color all of these answers are correct. coat texture coat length

In general, are dogs in the working group of the AKC able to make good companion animals?

d. They would potentially make good companion animals in the right household if the owners have an understanding of what to expect and can provide what the dog needs

The companion animal industry in the United states is:

d. growing annually and considered stable

Many of the breeds in the working group are prone to what inherited disease?

d. hip dysplasia

In working with purebred dogs, which of the following statements is true?

d. you are getting predictable but not guaranteed traits

By its definition, punishment will ________ the likelihood that a behavior happens again.

decrease

The AVMA has described six basic elements of responsible pet ownership. Which of the following is NOT on the list:

do not buy pets from breeders.

With respect to their behavior, ferrest most closely approximate which species of animal?

dog

One of the AKC's newest members, as of 2020, is the _______________.

dogo Argentino

Rats are:

domesticated as studied in this course (non-domestic species also exist) social and capable of forming strong bonds with humans highly trainable * all of these answers are correct

Attractive features of rabbits as pets include: little attention required, little need for veterinary care, short lifespan (less than four years) and little need for space or exercise outside the cage.

engaging domesticated small mammals with a surprising complement of behaviors and training capacity

Xenophobia and neophobia do which of the following for a non-domesticated animal?

enhance the animal's survivial.

Brachycephalic syndrome is caused by which of the following (along with other features):

everted saccules * all of these answers are correct elongated soft palate stenotic nares

Which of the following occurs during the transitional phase of canine development?

eyelids open, ear canals open

All breeds of dogs must have dewclaws removed, front and back (if present) to enter the AKC conformation show ring.

false

It is the position of the AVMA that dog breeds with a prey drive sequence that includes strong "bite-grab" and "bite-kill" innate behaviors fall into the category of "natural born killers" and should not be kept as companion animals.

false

Large breed puppies should receive calcium supplementation because of their fast-growing bones.

false

MIcrochipping is discouraged because of the difficulty and disparity associated with reading the inserted microchip.

false

Rabbits do not do well when housed with other rabbits. They are largely an non-social species.

false

The National Research Council runs a large laboratory based in Bethesda, MD, funded by the federal government, devoted to nutrient formulation for pets.

false

The shih-tzu hair-coat should be kept shaved because the long hair is considered abnormal by breed standards, and can cause shih-tzu fever.

false

The timing of a spay or castration surgery is clear cut: 8 months for canines, 4 months for felines.

false

The guaranteed analysis lists the minimum percentage of ____________ in pet foods.

fat and protein

We discussed the Chihuahua breed. Often, this dog is known for being "nippy", which is typically a result of:

fear and lack of proper socialization

One of the most common reasons that CC-DS doesn't work when trying it for the first time is because the animal is:

fearful because the stimulus is still too close to cause the animal fear. the animal eats the treat too quickly, then becomes aware of the scary stimulus and reacts with fear. *all of these answers are correct unwilling to take the treat

Which of the following is not a feline disease prevented by core vaccination?

feline leukemia

You have a dog who dislikes nail trims very much. You can think of no other way to manage the situation than to hold the dog down (physically restrain the dog) while the dog barks, tries to bite and ends up urinating and defecating all over the floor. But you get the nail trim done...sort of. This is an example of:

flooding

One of the main issues stemming from a lack of effective and humane canine socialization is what?

generalized fear-based behaviors

When using counter-conditioning, which of the following is done?

giving the dog a tasty treat in the presence of the scary stimulus so that the dog learns to associate the scary stimulus with a tasty treat.

A puppy has a heart murmur that is deemed soft and not presently serious by the veterinarian. This heart murmur would be which grade?

grade 1/6

Rabbits should have which of the following readily available at all time?

grass hay

The mainstay of the chinchilla diet is:

grass hay

The deciduous teeth are very sharp. Which of the following is not a reason ( at least not as discussed in the lecture)?

helps with bite-grab / bite kill in prey drive sequence

Which of the following is a purpose served by the sharp tips of the deciduous teeth:

helps with tooth eruption helps the puppy learn bite inhibition helps facilitate weaning *all of these answers are correct

In terms of the dietary habits, rabbits most closely approximate which species of animal?

horse

Some breeds within the AKC terrier group were historically bred by humans for the purpose of:

hunting and killing rats in castles grab the nose of the baited bull and hang on. *all of these answers are correct. hunting and killing rats on ships

Non-core vaccines are:

important to consider for a pet based on lifestyle and geographic location.

Microchipping is a two-step process, meaning:

insertion and registration

Spay and castration surgery for dogs and cats (and rabbits and ferrets) is widespread in the United States. Which of the following is NOT a reason for this practice?

it is legal requirement in most states

Large breed puppies need a diet formulated for:

large breed growth phase

Hounds called "sight hounds" are noted by:

long necks and erect postures.

Newborn puppies may experience hypoglycemia, not because of diabetes, but because of failure to nurse or absorb nutrition. Hypoglycemia means:

low blood sugar

The same scenario in Question 8 happens again, except that the person does not greet the dog but instead stands very still and offers no attention. This would be an example of ___________ because the person has removed what the dog wants (the person's attention).

negative punishment

Dogs in this AKC class are noted to be diverse in appearance and not "fitting" into other AKC classes:

non-sporting class

Which of the following statements regarding ear cropping is correct?

not correct:Ear cropping is required for many breeds to enter the AKC conformation show ring.

The Newfoundland is described as a gentle and devoted dog that excels in:

not correct:agility

If you brought a wild wolf into a veterinary clinic, the wolf likely would be aggressive and attempt to escape. Most domesticated dogs are fairly relaxed in the veterinary clinic. What describes the difference between the domesticated dog and the wolf in this scenario?

not correct:b. the domesticated dog has neoteny

Mixed breed dogs are

not correct:only found in countries with purebred dog populations

The non-sporting AKC dog group is comprised of breeds that:

not correct:were bred for the purpose of companionship only (and therefore have no innate behavior associated with prey drive or protection).

Throughout the years, some people have kept skunks in their homes as pets. Which of the following statements is true about this situation:

not correct; The skunks are tame and domesticated

A cat ran off from its home on Division Street in River Falls, Wisconsin. It had a litter of kittens who had never been seen, tamed, or handled by humans. What statement is correct about these kittens?

not crrect:c. These kittens are still domesticated but if they had kittens, those kittens would be considered non-domesticated

In lure-reward training, the idea is that the desired behavior can be learned faster with a lure instead of just relying on waiting until the dog

offers the desired behavior spontaneously.

A primary reason for the practice of purebred dog breeding is to produce:

offspring predictable in physical and behavioral characteristics.

In professional circles involving animal shelter management and medicine, the terms "high kill" and "no kill" shelters are replaced with the terms _____________ and ______________ respectively.

open admit and closed admit.

The scientific basis for training puppies uses methods developed by B.F. Skinner, and are founded on the principles of:

operant conditioning

Toy-breed dogs are noted by:

other than small size, the group is quite diverse in terms of origins (terriers, hounds, and others)

The blood hound is considered adept among dog breeds in terms of:

overall scent detection.

A dog sees a beloved person. The dog jumps on this person to greet them excitedly. The person greets the dog with effusive praise and petting. The person has increased the likelihood that the dog (who values the attention from this person) will jump again. Therefore, without realizing it, the person has _________ the dog's behavior.

positively reinforced

A dog with intervertebral disc disease would be:

potentially (but not always) a long-backed breed potentially very painful unless pain sensation has been lost having trouble using legs (front, rear or all) * all of these answers are correct

Which of the following are the two parts of the pet food label as required by federal regulation?

principle display panel, information panel.

Which of the following would help the situation is number 7?

removing the fearful dog from the scary situation, taking a step back and offering treats. Once the dog is calm and taking the treats, begin by touching paws, then toes, then nail trimmer on nails, then nail trimmer over nail, finally trimming nails, all the while doing this in gradual succession, making certain each time the dog shows no fear, and remains interested only in eating the treat (not fearful of what is happening to him. having the dog introduced to nail trimming (holding paws, touching toes and hearing / feeling the nail trimming on the nails) starting at 3 weeks old (start of socialization phase) * all of these answers are correct pairing a treat with the presence of the nail trimming experience

When using desensitization, which of the following is done?

removing the scary stimulus then re-introducing the scary stimulus far away, gradually decreasing the radius.

Mice are prone to:

respiratory diseases

Which of the following is not a group (or class) of AKC dogs?

retrievers

Rabbits are, by nature, a prey species that depends on a keen sense of hearing to evade predation. This has implications for husbandry in terms of:

senstive to startle and loud noises.

Which of the following breeds that we have discussed would require regular grooming of a long or matt-prone hair coat?

shih-tzu, Pekinese and bichon frise

We discussed the Pekinese breed. The dog was originally bred for imperial Chinese families, who established a pattern of breed standards that led to a syndrome called chondrodysplasia, creating what appearance / condition for the breed:

shortened limbs, often with resultant effects on the normal gait.

When interpreting a pet food label, the consumer cannot determine the nutritional content of the pet food because:

standard packaging lacks information regarding digestibility; also bioavailability is not known until owner feeds the food to their pet.

Luxating patella affect which joint in the dog?

stifle

The knee joint in the dog is called the:

stifle

We discussed Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome. Dr. Rausch explained that one of the reasons for occlusion of the airway is ______________.

swelling and edema of the elongated soft palate, especially if the dog overheats or exerts him/herself.

Which of the following is ingredient splitting?

taking one food source and splitting it into various sub-components

Dogs in this AKC class are noted by diverse size and appearance, high prey drive and high trainability:

terrier

Which of the following groups has multiple examples of breeds that have been purposefully bred by humans to include the step of "bite-grab" and, in some of the represented breeds, "bite-kill" in the prey drive sequence?

terrier

Puppies are born with:

the ability to vocalize all of these answers are correct the ability to squirm but not walk. closed eyelids and ear canals.

Your dog sits in the living room, waiting everyday to see the mail carrier. When she sees the mail carrier, she "freaks out" - barking and snapping at the window, hair raised on her back and lunging at the window. An example of response substitution with a device such as the Treat and Train would be:

the dog is given a place to run and lay down ("PLACE!") with a timed treat reward

A dog has dystocia. This means:

the dog is having a difficult delivery of puppies.

With respect to the brachycephalic animal, which of the following is true:

the facial bones becomes flatter / shorter while the facial tissue does not.

Dogs are:

the most morphologically diverse mammal on the planet.

We discussed intervertebral disc disease in long-back breeds. This disease can happen in any breed of dog, but commonly affects long-back breeds because:

they experience stress along the vertebral column in terms of "center of gravity", essentially needing a "third set of legs under the mid-abdomen" for additional support

Entropion is the medical terms for a folding of the eyelid _________ the eyeball.

toward

The Basenji is an old breed originating in Africa.

true

The best preventative practices are those associated with your veterinarian regarding your individual animal.

true

The morphology (physical appearance) of many breeds has changed over time because of the actions of humans to select for a specific appearance.

true

Which of the following features may make hamsters surprisingly challenging as pets for young children?

very short lifespan noctural prone to bite when startled *all of these answers are correct

When working in the realm of either training or behavior modification, the emotional state of the animal must be:

willing

Puppies are born:

with closed eyelids and closed ear canals.