animal science study guide
The hot box is usually set between what temperature range?
26 to 28°F (-3 to -2°C)
A cow has a gestation period of approximately
283 days
Beef carcasses with B maturity are in which age group?
30 to 42
According to the segment, at what temperature should vaccinations be stored?
35° to 45°F (2° to 7°C)
When collecting semen from a boar, the collection container should be filled with water at ______________.
38°C (100°F)
What is the average respiration rate for swine?
8 to 13
The crude protein content of corn is
8-10 percent
The crude protein of grain sorghum is
8-12 percent
A mixture of feedstuffs used to supply nutrients to an animal is
A diet
In System 3, the birth year is represented by which of the following?
A letter
Josh is analyzing the semen he collected from his bull. Which characteristic is he considering?
Appearance Concentration Morphology Motility All of the above
Sarah is a swine producer and wants to incorporate a new breeding method in her operation. Which method is most commonly used in the swine industry?
Artificial insemination
What is the process by which semen from the male is placed in the reproduction tract of the female through methods other than natural service?
Artificial insemination
Which of the following diseases causes facial malformation?
Atrophic Rhinitis
According to the segment, when should disinfectants be used?
Before and after the procedure
Which cut of pork meat only has thin layers of lean meat?
Belly
According to the segment, when are boars castrated?
Between four and 14 days of age
According to the segment, where is the jugular groove located?
Between the trachea and neck muscles
According to the presentation, which disease affects sheep and goats?
Bluetongue
Which of the following is a disease which can only be transmitted through insects?
Bluetoungue
A goat known for its meat production is the
Boer goat
The Brahman breed would be an example of _______ cattle.
Bos Indicus
Identification of animals began in the early 1900s due to an outbreak of ___
Bovine brucellosis
Which of the following is one of the most common diseases in cattle and affects the respiratory tract?
Bovine respiratory disease
Which of the following diseases is transmitted by blood feeding flies and contact with fomites?
Bovine virus diarrhea
Water can be provided to animals by
Bowl waterers Automatic waterers Nipple waterers all of the above
Seedstock producers are cow/calf producers who produce _________ for purebred or commercial operations.
Breeding stock
What is the value of animal as a parent?
Breeding value
Which beef cut is inexpensive and often used to feed a large number of people?
Brisket
Which is NOT wholesale cut of a pork carcass?
Brisket
a chicken between the ages of six and eight weeks is a
Broiler or fryer
Which of the following diseases is also known as "bangs disease"?
Brucellosis
Which of the following is a way solid manure can be disposed of?
By applying it to crop land
How is dust controlled in feedlots?
By watering feedlot surfaces
Which of the following methods of castration allows the spermatic cord to be cut to remove it from the body?
Emasculator
Which method of breeding utilizes a superior female to enhance genetics of a herd?
Embryo transfer
Which body system produces hormones which regulate metabolism?
Endocrine system
Which of the following is the most prevalent disease in goat operations?
Enterotoxemia
horses evolved rom a foot tall, swamp dwelling, four toed, drawn horse, called this
Eohippus
What is the proper term for the period of time in a sow's cycle when she is receptive to a boar for breeding purposes and the vulva is swollen and red?
Estrus
_____________ is a regularly occurring state of sexual receptivity during which a female will accept a male. Ovulation occurs during this time.
Estrus
__________________ is the period of time in a sow's cycle when she is receptive to a boar for breeding purposes and the vulva is swollen and red.
Estrus
Larry is a producer and wants to save time when planning his artificial insemination program. He is able to control the ovulation in all his female recipients. This process is referred to as _____________.
Estrus synchronization
The majority of swine breeds are believed to be descendants of the
Eurasian Wild Boar
According to the segment, how often should an individual change needles when worming cattle?
Every 10 cows
Cattle on pasture should never be provided with a mineral supplement.
FALSE
Which of the following is a type of sunburn?
Facial eczema
Which of the following is NOT considered official identification?
Facial markings
A body condition score of nine is considered to be the best prior to breeding animals.
False
Grazing operations have more runoff than feedlots.
False
It is important to have square corners in alleys or corrals.
False
Sheep consume roughly 30 to 50 percent of their body weight each day.
False
The USDA pork grades are one, two, three, four and utility.
False
The gestation length of swine is three weeks and three days.
False
The underline is important only in females, as they should have a minimum of six evenly spaced nipples.
False
Which is NOT a segment of the beef cattle industry?
Farrow to finish
Which type of operation farrows out and then sells the piglets at weaning?
Farrow-to-Nursery
What is the purpose of a feedlot?
Feed and fatten cattle
Feed can be provided to the animal through
Feeders Lick tanks Range cubes all of the above
Which breed classification produces wool fibers with a small fiber diameter and are known for their flocking instincts?
Fine wool breeds
Which is the best body condition score for breeding cattle?
Five
Cattle have a ______________, or their own safety zone.
Flight zone
__________ is the safety zone of cattle.
Flight zone
Nutrients consumed by humans in breads and vegetables are
Food
Which of the following diseases causes blisters in the mouth and excessive salivation?
Foot and mouth disease
Zinc sulfate or copper sulfate footbaths are used to treat which of the following diseases?
Foot rot
After castrating an animal using a burdizzo, how long does it take for the testicles to shrivel?
Four to six weeks
If you chose grading up as the method of breeding for your operation, what generation would you see the most evidence of improvement?
Fourth Generation
Which of the following pathogens lives in soil, air, water and plants?
Fungi
Which of the following is NOT a typical identification method for livestock animals?
GPS tracking
A castrated male horse is called a
Gelding
In meiosis, crossing over of chromosomes results in a healthy population because of which of the following?
Genetic variability
____________ is the period of pregnancy in animals, or the time from conception to birth.
Gestation
________________ is a term used to describe the period of pregnancy in animals, or the time from conception to birth.
Gestation
Which of the following is NOT a way to select parents in a breeding program?
Grading up
Which system consists of breeding purebred sires to commercial females?
Grading up
Which cereal grain must be processed to provide nutrients to the animal?
Grain sorghum
Which of the following parasites glue onto the mouths of horses when rubbed or bitten and enter the stomach and attach to the wall?
Horse bots
Which of the following parasites life cycles includes adults laying and gluing eggs to hair follicles, then eggs hatch in one to two weeks and become adults in two to four weeks?
Lice
In freeze branding, the branding iron is chilled with which of the following?
Liquid nitrogen
Nutrient deficiencies are NOT caused by a lack of which of the following?
Liquids
Bos indicus cattle are characterized by
Long ears, excess dewlap, and a humped-neck
What is an advantage of synchronizing a cow herd?
Longer calving season Results in a ununiform calf crop More labor intensive None of the above
Which of the following parasites burrow holes through the intestinal wall and then goes to lungs where they mature?
Lungworms
What causes wheat pasture poisoning?
Magnesium deficiency
Which of the following parasites causes scabs, lesions and hair loss?
Mange
Intramuscular fat is more commonly referred to as _____.
Marbling
What is the primary determination of beef quality grade?
Marbling
According to the segment, why are newborn animals NOT vaccinated when they are born?
Maternal immunity will prevent vaccines from working
Which of the following is the fastest growing division in the goat industry?
Meat
The integrated steps involved in assimilating food by the animal for use in tissue repair, growth and normal function is
Nutrition
Which is the most intensely managed area of beef cattle production?
Nutrition
Where is the brand placed in hot iron and freeze branding?
On the rump
Which of the following parasites is the principal worm parasite of beef and dairy cattle and attacks the lining of the abomasum?
Ostertagious
Which disease is caused by heavy feeding or a drastic change in feed over a short period of time?
Overeating disease
Gestation ends with what is known as ____________, or birth.
Parturition
Stocker operations purchase weanling calves from cow/calf producers and feed them out on _______________.
Pasture land
Which of the following is NOT an injection site listed in the segment for giving intramuscular injections to cattle?
Pectoral muscle
Which of the following diseases damages the cornea and conjunctiva?
Pinkeye
Which of the following parasites lay eggs around the rectum of horses?
Pinworm
Which of the following devices pushes the vaccination solution or medication through the needle and into the animal?
Plunger
Which of the following diseases has two different virus strains?
Porcine circovirus
Which of the following diseases affects the fetus of a pregnant sow and often times causes fetus mummification?
Porcine parvovirus
Which of the following diseases cause muscle and tail tremors, reddened skin and increased body temperature in pigs?
Porcine stress syndrome
Which is a by-product of pork?
Pork fat Pork skins Insulin All of the above
Spiral bands are used in which of the following industries?
Poultry
Which of the following is a quality grade for lamb carcasses?
Prime Choice Good All of the above
Pelleting, hammermilling, rollermilling and steam flaking are examples of
Processing
How does the modified static system differ from the static system?
Produces replacement females
What are by-products?
Product of the animal used as ingredient in non-meat products
Which breed classification is known for their multiple births?
Prolific breeds
Soybean meal and cottonseed meal are usually fed to provide
Protein
What is fed to provide amino acids, but generally not used to provide energy?
Protein
A decrease in which of the following molecules decreases the effectiveness of a vaccination or medication?
Protein molecules
What is the purpose of providing mounds in feedlot pens?
Providing a dry place for cattle to stand Help improve drainage Provide a windbreak All of the above
In a static crossbreeding system, which of the following is true regarding replacement females?
Purchased or produced in a separate population
Which operation provides the genetics for which commercial sheep production systems are based?
Purebred operations
_________ are a mixture of feedstuffs which provide a balanced diet containing high amounts of energy and protein needed for optimum growth of an animal.
Rations
Horses are used for
Recreational riding, racing, ranching operations
What could be a result of docking an animal's tail too short?
Rectal prolapses
What structure aids milk in passing directly from the mouth to the abomasum in pre-ruminants?
Reticular groove
Which of the following is NOT an identification method commonly used for swine?
Retina scan
Which of the following is also known as club lamb fungus?
Ringworm
Which crossbreeding system produces replacement females through the rotation and produces crossbred offspring?
Rotational-terminal crossbreeding system
Which of the following parasites are also known as ascarids?
Roundworm
Which stomach produces bacteria to break down roughages?
Rumen
Which of the following digestive systems is also known as polygastric?
Ruminant
Sheep are classified as _____________, meaning they have a four compartment stomach.
Ruminants
Triticale is a cross between
Rye and wheat
Cattle facilities should have what functions?
Safety Ease to people Control of cattle All of the above
Which of the following dehorning methods should NOT be performed during fly season?
Scoop
According to the segment, which tool is used for dehorning weaned animals?
Scoop dehorners
Ear tags are pierced between which of the following cartilage ribs of the ear?
Second and third
In a two breed rotational crossbreeding system, which generation and sire will have a 75 percent Breed A and 25 percent Breed B?
Second generation; Breed A
Which type of operation produces purebred breeding stock for purebred and commercial operations?
Seedstock
What is the first step in the process of AI?
Select the bull
According to the presentation, tail docking is primarily performed on which animals?
Sheep and swine
Selection of which parent is more important when a producer is developing a breeding program?
Sire selection
Which of the following systems protects and supports the body tissues and organs?
Skeletal
Which of the following causes vesicles to appear on lips, gums and tongue, causing redness or swelling?
Sore mouth
Which of the following is a viral disease which causes ulcerations and scabs around the lips and in the mouth of a sheep?
Sore mouth
A cocci bacterium is shaped like which of the following?
Spherical
Which of the following is a term meaning "a goat in estrus"?
Standing heat
In which type of crossbreeding system must replacement females be purchased from or produced in a separate environment?
Static crossbreeding system
Morgan is a producer and wants to identify her animals by an individual animal number, as well as her operation identification. Which identification method should she use?
Tattooing
In the horse industry, which of the following is applied to the upper lip?
Tattoos
Which breed classification excels in feed efficiency, rate of gain and muscularity and is also classified as meat type animals?
Terminal sire breeds
Which disease causes stiffness or rigor in the body's muscles?
Tetanus
What is NOT a determining factor in yield grading?
Texture
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning improper injection techniques?
The animal will have partial immunity
According to the presentation, what could performing procedures on ill animals cause?
The risks associated with the procedure increase
Which disease causes stones or crystals to be formed in the urinary tract?
Urinary calculi
According to the presentation, which of the following is NOT listed as a use for intravenous injections?
Vaccines
How is artificial insemination performed on horses?
Vaginally
_____________ is a form of ownership or strategic management where all or more than one section of an industry is combined under the same ownership.
Vertical Integration
Which of the following is NOT an anatomical location term?
Vibrissae
Which of the following pathogens can NOT reproduce without a host and consists of DNA and RNA?
Viruses
Which of the following CANNOT cause disease?
Vitamins
Dietary essential nutrients would include
Vitamins Minerals Some amino acids (all of the above)
What is a nutrient requirement of cattle.
Vitamins Proteins Fats All of the above
What is the first limiting nutrient of all animals?
Water
_____________ is/are the first limiting nutrient in cattle.
Water
Which of the following is a main factor when evaluating market lambs?
Weight Finish Muscle All of the above
A castrated male goat is a
Wether
Which of the following terms defines a castrated male goat?
Wether
When should a goat's hooves be trimmed?
When the sidewall of the hoof extends past the sole of the foot
Which of the following diseases is a result of a selenium and/or vitamin E deficiency?
White muscle disease
According to the presentation, when should piglets' teeth be clipped?
Within 24 hours after birth
The composition of the feed an the manufacturers location
Would be listed on the feed tag
Which is a common fence used in a goat operation?
Woven wire
_____ is one of the largest breeds in production in America.
Yorkshire
Which of the following chromosome pairings would a normal female duck have?
ZW
What is the cecum?
a blind sack a site of microbial digestion a thin-walled structure all of the choices
The gizzard is
a highly muscular organ found in chickens used to grind feed (all the above)
Which compartment is the true stomach of a ruminant?
abomasum
Identification can _________ breed associations in registration.
aid
Mohair comes from the
angora goat
What causes hairballs?
animals licking themselves
The cecum is comparable to what human organ?
appendix
Where is the most common place to put a tag which identifies an animal?
auricle
What is the chicken's organ of prehension?
beak
Which of the following is produced by the liver, stored in the gallbladder and secreted into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion?
bile
Which disease is caused by a spore forming bacterium?
blackleg
Which of the following animals would have a reticular groove?
both calf and lamb
What is the function of the esophagus in ruminants?
both carry material down and back up
with the use of _______, breeders are able to prevent injuries to animals
both embryo transfer and AI
originally, fairs and shows were done in order for farmers to _______
both show their animals and sell their animals
What are two important structures of a horse's digestive system?
both stomach and proximal colon
The major source of energy for animals is
carbs
The nutrient composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is
carbs
What is different in the mouth structure of cattle, sheep and goats compared to horses?
cattle, sheep and goats have a dental pad instead of upper incisors
Which of the following terms is the Latin word for tail?
cauda
Barrels can be measured in which of the following units?
cc (cubic centimeters)
What does mastication mean?
chewing
Which of the following digestive tract diseases mainly affects horses?
colic
What should newborn mammals consume immediately after birth?
colostrum
Hairballs are
comprised mainly of hair undesirable found in rumens all of the choices
A gestation period is the length of time from
conception to birth
What is colic?
digestive disorder
The DNA molecule is usually found in what form?
double helix
when animals are being used to pull loads, these animals are commonly referred as______ animals.
draft
Breeding stock can receive implants.
false
What is the term used when a sow or gilt gives birth to a litter of piglets?
farrowing
the primary by product from chicken is
feathers
Which of the following is a common symptom among viral diseases?
fever
Which number represents the birth year in System 1?
first
The process of a mare giving birth to a foal is called
foaling
How many stomach compartments does a ruminant have?
four
Cattle have a
four compartment stomach
Hogs are taken to the processing plant when they reach
four to six months of age
A female pig that has not had a litter of piglets is a
gilt
What is a human's organ of prehension?
hand
Which of the following refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell which is half of the original number?
haploid
Monogastric animals
have simple stomachs
Anterior refers to what part of an animal's body?
head
Which of the following are also known as cattle grubs?
heel flies
Female cattle that have not calved are called
heifers
a female chicken that lays eggs is a
hen
Keratin is found in which of the following locations?
hooves, feathers, hair (all the above)
Which external component can be used for defense?
horns
The teeth of what animal continue to grow throughout its life?
horse
Which of the following breeds uses identification certificates for identification?
horse
Prehension is a term referring to
how an animal gathers food
A hog's internal organs closely resemble those of a
human
What method of breeding is used to develop specialized "lines" of animals?
inbreeding
A sheep younger than one year of age is a
lamb
What is another term used for proximal colon?
large intestine
What is the horse's organ of prehension?
lips
Which of the following is indicated when notched in the right ear?
litter number
Which of the following parasites larva must attach to a snail to complete their life cycle and then encyst on water plants eaten by livestock?
liver flukes
A female horse, at least four years of age, is called a
mare
Which of the following is NOT a layer of the skin?
mesodermis
Which of the following adult parasites lay eggs on the skin of an animal, hatching and feeding on the skin, then reaches adult stage in about 12 days?
mites
Which of the following is the type of cell division by which somatic cells divide?
mitosis
DNA analysis can be extracted from which of the following?
nasal swabs
The cereal grain popular as a feed for horses is
oats
Material leaving the reticulum would enter into what structure?
omasum
In horses, most digestive disturbances result from
overfeeding grains
The process of giving birth to an animal is called
parturition
Which of the following is determined by both genetics and environment?
phenotype
Which of the following terms refers to the rear of an animal?
posterior
What is the chicken's true stomach?
proventriculus
Daily supply of feed or food is a
ration
plants which ____ meat are marked by an offensive odor and are often far from people and towns
render
In what structure are proteins produced?
ribosome
a male chicken, at least eight months of age, is a
rooster or cock
What type of digestive systems do cattle, sheep and goats have?
ruminant
What is the first step in developing a breeding program?
setting goals
If a horse is overfed, the excess feed escapes into what organ?
small intestine
An uncastrated male horse, at least four years of age, is called a
stallion
A castrated bull is called a
steer
Which of the following is an example of a ruminant?
steer
Which animal's heart valves are used in humans?
swine
Which system assigns consecutive numbers?
system 4
Which of the following parasites has segments containing eggs which break off and are passed with feces, then the eggs are eaten by mites and develop until eaten by a major host?
tapeworms
Which of the following nitrogen bases is not found in RNA?
thymine
Which of the following parasites completes their life cycle by mating, engorging from feeding, then dropping to the ground to lay eggs in the environment?
ticks
Food for animals is
to feed
What are numbering systems used for in livestock operations?
to identify animals
all leftover fat and meat from the carcasses are referred to as
trim
Beef is the second highest consumed meat in the United States.
true
USDA quality grades are voluntary.
true
Artificial insemination is the primary breeding method used with
turkeys pigs dairy cows (all of the above)
According to the presentation, inactivated vaccines are typically given in how many doses?
two
How many ceca do chickens have?
two
Vitamins can be divided into
two groups
The most important nutrient is
water
What is the first limiting nutrient of animals?
water
Which of the following parasites adults live in the cecum where they lay eggs to be passed with feces then eggs are eaten and hatch?
whipworms
Which of the following terms is also know as vibrissae?
whiskers
Lanolin is produced from which part of the sheep?
wool
The crude protein content of wheat is
13-14 percent
What is the average live weight for a slaughter lamb?
140 lbs.
The gestation or pregnancy length in sheep is ________.
148 days
Which year were the first livestock animals brought over to the New World?
1493
How many combinations are possible for toe-punching?
16
According to the segment, when giving an intramuscular injection, what gauge needle should be used?
16 to 18
The boer goat was imported to the United States in which of the following years?
1993
What year was the National Wool Act repealed?
1996
Which type of medication is most commonly used to treat parasitic infections?
Anthelmintics
According to the segment, which of the following should be closely monitored for withdrawal periods?
Antibiotics
Which of the following is NOT a step when designing a breeding program?
Choosing offspring
Which of the following systems pumps and delivers blood to organs throughout the body?
Circulatory system
What management practices should be performed on the liter within the first two weeks of age?
Clipping needle teeth Tails trimmed Ears notched All of the above
Which breeding technology utilizes gene banking?
Cloning
Which of the following parasites has a spherical shape?
Cocci
Which of the following diseases is caused by intestinal parasites found naturally in most goats?
Coccidiosis
Which of the following is the general term used for abdominal pain?
Colic
The mother's first milk is known as __________, and is very important for the offspring to ingest.
Colostrum
Which of the following refers to the milk which creates maternal immunity?
Colostrum
____ is known as the mother's first milk and contains antibodies necessary for the piglets' health?
Colostrum
_____________ is the mother's first milk and contains the antibodies necessary for the piglets' health.
Colostrum
Which type of operation is aimed toward maximizing production and market value of offspring?
Commercial
Pen mating is mostly used by which of the following?
Commercial breeders
CAFO stands for
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
Which of the following is considered the most intensive feeding program for a goat producer?
Confinement feeding
What is the final segment of the beef industry?
Consumer
What are some programs feedlot managers should establish to prevent water and air pollution?
Control rainfall runoff Manage solid manure Maintain the feedlot surface Operate wastewater handling facilities (All of the above)
CIDR stands for_____________.
Controlled Intravaginal Drug Release
The most common and abundant cereal grain is
Corn
Which of the following is NOT a reason to dehorn animals?
Cosmetic appeal
What operation uses purebred breeding stock in crossbreeding programs to produce commercial offspring?
Cow/calf
Which of the following accounts for more than three-quarters of all livestock lost to predators?
Coyotes & Dogs
Which of the following refers to the region of the body towards the head?
Cranial
What is hybrid vigor?
Crossbred offspring exceeds the average of the two parental breeds
What type of breeding system is designed to take advantage of both hybrid vigor and breeding value?
Crossbreeding
Which system is the mating of animals of different breeds?
Crossbreeding
Which of the following diseases has symptoms which include infertility and failure to produce sperm?
Cryptorchidism
If used incorrectly, which tool could open the frontal sinus?
Cup or scoop dehorner
Which of the following is NOT a quality grade for young beef (A and B maturity)?
Cutter
In what molecule are genes located?
DNA
In which of the following industries are neck chains most commonly used?
Dairy cattle
For which of the following EPD figures is a negative number more desirable?
Days to 250 and Backfat
Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of embryo transfer?
Decreases time and supervision of female herd
Which part of the skin houses the hair follicles?
Dermis
Which of the following describes the term "gauge"?
Diameter of the needle
Which of the following is NOT a reason to use an animal identification system?
Disregards consumer health
_______________ an animal means removing the tail at or near the tailhead.
Docking
Extrusion is used in the manufacturing of feed for
Dogs and cats
What is the name of the highest point on most four legged animals?
Dorsal
Trouble giving birth is known as ____________.
Dystocia
____________ are a number estimate of breeding potential for characteristics, such as gain, muscling and maternal and carcass traits.
EPDs
In which part of the body are cattle implanted?
Ear
Which identification method is most commonly used in the swine industry?
Ear notching
______________ is the universal swine identification system.
Ear notching
What is a common way to identify cattle?
Ear tag Brand Tattoo All of the above
Animals can be identified through which of the following?
Ear tag Ear notch Ear tattoo All of the above
At what age should a calf be weaned?
Eight to ten months
According to the segment, which of the following methods of castration has the highest risk of maggot infestation?
Elastic bands
Which tool is commonly used to dock lamb tails?
Elastrator
Which of the following used in the slaughter process increases color and tenderness in the meat?
Electric stimulators
Which type of fencing is used in cattle operations?
Electric wire Barbed wire Solid fencing All of the above
Which is a technique producers use for collecting semen in cattle?
Electroejaculation
The process of cloning when the donor cell is fused with the oocyte is called ____________.
Electrofusion
Which of the following is NOT included as an electronic identification method?
Electronic nose prints
Which of the following is an example of a monogastric?
Horse
The average litter size for swine is
Nine to 12 piglets
Pigs are _________________, meaning they have one true stomach.
Nonruminants
Which of the following is most commonly used on sheep and cattle when participating in a sale or show?
Nose prints
Which of the following is NOT a result of inbreeding?
Noticeable improvement of fourth generation
Which breed is known for being used for both milk and meat production?
Nubian
Which type of barn is used for just weaned pigs?
Nursery
Producers use a _____________ to determine ovulation in sheep and goats.
Ultrasound Laparoscope Both C and D
What does URMIS stand for?
Uniform Retail Meat Identity Standards
Which of the following terms refers to only one testicle being dropped into the scrotum?
Unilateral cryptorchidism
According to the presentation, when giving a subcutaneous injection how long should the needle be?
1 inch
Cattle from feedyards are taken to a processing plant when they reach an average weight of
1,100-1,200 pounds (499-544 kg)
How far from the base of the tail should a pig's tail be docked?
1/2 to 1 inch
How long is the gestation period of swine?
114 days
The crude protein content of rye is
12-13 percent
Which of the following is the program which regulates the dissemination of disease by using an identification system?
ADT
What are the USDA grades for pork?
Acceptable, Utility
Which of the following is NOT included in the indication statement?
Amount of time it takes for a vaccination or medication to leave the animal's system
Foot rot is caused by which of the following?
Anaerobic bacteria
Which of the following goat breeds are seasonal breeders and tend to have single kid crops?
Angora goats
In numbering system 2, which of the following is branded above the birth year?
Animal number
According to the presentation, which of the following is the leading state in the milk goat industry?
California
Which of the following is a disadvantage of ear tagging?
Can be ripped from ear
Which of the following is the fiber produced from the undercoat of a goat's pelt?
Cashmere
Which procedure increases feed efficiency?
Castaration
____________ is the removal of the testicles from a male animal.
Castration
______________ is the removal of the testicles from a male animal.
Castration
Which of the following species is most commonly identified by the use of the branding method?
Cattle and horses
CVI is the acronym for which of the following?
Certificate of Veterinary Inspection
Which breed is solid white in color and has drooped ears?
Chester White
Which of the following animals was NOT included in the Humane Slaughter Act of 1958?
Chicken
poultry refers to bird species such as
Chickens > turkeys >> ducks and geese (all the above)
Which of the following is a serious and often fatal metabolic disorder caused by low levels of magnesium in the blood?
Grass tetany
Who is the man known to be responsible for the five basic rules of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
Which of the following is a muscle disease found in Quarter Horses?
HYPP
Which of the following is also known as wire worm?
Haemonchus contortus
Which breed classification sheds their wool in the winter?
Hair sheep breeds
Which breed is black with a white belt behind its shoulders?
Hampshire
What method of breeding can increase conception rates by five to ten percent?
Hand mating
Which of the following diseases is also known as gastritis?
Hardware disease
Which of the following refers to the term "caustic"?
Having the ability to destroy tissue
Which instrument is used to perform bloodless dehorning?
Heated iron
Which of the following parasites lays eggs on the hair of the rear legs on animals?
Heel flies
Which breed is red with white faces, feet and underline?
Hereford
Antemortem inspection is done at which stage of the slaughter process?
Holding
Runoff is collected in ____________.
Holding ponds
Which of the following diseases is also known as hairlessness?
Hypotrichosis
NAIS was unsuccessful due to which of the following reasons?
Identification equipment was too expensive for small producers
What is an ear notch used for in the sheep industry?
Identifying culls
Which of the following systems defends the body against infectious organisms and other invaders?
Immune system
Processing
Improves nutrient availability
What is analgesia?
Inability to feel pain
According to the segment, which type of vaccine has been altered with heat or chemicals?
Inactivated
What two types of breeding systems are generally used by individuals in the purebred industry?
Inbreeding and linebreeding
What is the proper term for the measure of how inbred an animal is?
Inbreeding coefficient
What is an advantage of castration?
Increased performance and gain
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of artificial insemination?
Increases the number of sires needed
______________ are a common problem of sheep as they attach to the lining of the digestive tract where they absorb nutrients and suck blood.
Internal parasites
In which type of injection is it acceptable for blood to appear in the syringe before administering the injection?
Intravenous
Which of the following is an incurable wasting disease of cattle?
Johne's disease
According to the presentation, what procedure uses hydrotherapy to help heal wounds?
Lancing
Which breed is extremely long bodied and known for their maternal instincts?
Landrace
Which breed classification is a cross breed between a fine wool breed and a long wool breed?
Medium wool breeds
Which of the following is a metabolic disorder occurring when an animal has a low blood calcium level?
Milk fever
Which of the following is also known as hypocalcemia?
Milk fever
Which of the following parasites can cause skin problems such as scabies, scabs, mange or barn itch?
Mites
Which of the following types of vaccines can multiply but cannot produce a disease?
Modified-live
Which benefit does goat milk have over cow milk?
More easily digested by humans
Which of the following diseases occurs when two toes are joined together to create only one toe?
Mulefoot
Which of the following is the study of fungi?
Mycology
Which goat breed undergoes a temporary paralysis when frightened?
Myotonic
Which of the following parasites eggs hatch and migrate into nasal chambers and sinuses?
Nasal bots
According to the segment, which of the following tools is NOT used for lancing?
Needle
Which is the most common fence used in a sheep operation?
Net wire
Which of the following parasites are also known as blood worms?
Strongyles
Which of the following parasites larvae burrow holes into arteries and internal organs?
Strongyles
What is a main factor in selecting breeding hogs?
Structural correctness
Which is a top priority when evaluating breeding cattle?
Structural correctness
Which mating system results in maximum breeding by a superior male?
Stud mating
Which type of injection uses the "tenting" method?
Subcutaneous
Which type of vaccine is created from a new combination of DNA?
Subunit
Which method of castration is the most reliable?
Surgical
Teeth clipping is necessary in what species?
Swine
Which species can only be castrated surgically?
Swine
Poor transportation CANNOT cause which of the following health problems?
Swine flu
____________ is known as removing the wool around the dock and mammary glands.
Tagging
Which of the following parasites may grow up to 10 to 12 feet long?
Tapeworm
Which of the following parasites are small arachnids which feed on the blood of animals?
Ticks
A body condition score is a number describing the level of flesh or fat an animal possesses.
True
A cattle handler should be calm and relaxed around cattle.
True
Cattle have a four compartment stomach meaning they are ruminants.
True
Dehorning cattle is a management practice for the safety of handlers and other cattle.
True
Depredation is the death of livestock due to predators.
True
If hooves continue to grow without being trimmed, it can lead to undesirable consequences such as foot rot, trouble traveling or even lameness.
True
It is much easier and less expensive to prevent sickness than to treat it.
True
Typically a young animal requires a higher level of protein in the diet than does an adult.
True
Wool breeds are normally sheared at least once a year.
True
Worldwide, more pork is eaten than any other meat.
True
Which of the following is the second step in swine hair removal?
Tumbling machine
Minerals can be divided into
Two groups
The composite breeding system combines desirable traits of how many breeds of cattle?
Two or more
For every pound of feed consumed by the animal
Two to five pounds of water will be consumed
Modified-live vaccines come in how many vials?
Two vials
