Anthro 201
Which of the following is the best example of assimilation?
A movement to select English as the only official language in the US
Ideoscape
According to Anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, Christian missionaries in foreign countries are an example of which of the following?
Ethnoscape
According to Anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, tourism is an example of which of the following ways that people, resources and knowledge flow across borders?
Contemporary globalization
According to the Perspectives text, the end of World War II and the Bretton Woods Conference, marks the start of what?
The researcher obtained informed consent and assured the anonymity of the subjects
An anthropologist conducts ethnographic research on the lives of illegal immigrant families. How might the anthropologist justify publishing intimate and potentially incriminating details about the subjects?
False
Because of its appreciation for cultural relativity, Anthropology as a discipline has always maintained ethical research relationships with Native cultures.
Why is race described as a social construct?
Because the concept of race was developed through belief, not biology
Early work by Ruth Benedict documented "two-spirit" individuals within the Zuni Tribe of New Mexico. What concept did her work critique?
Bianary model of gender
Cultural Anthropologists have studied gender and sexuality around the world. Which of the following best describes what has been learned through cross-cultural study of gender and sexuality in the discipline?
Biology alone cannot predict the roles people play in a given culture
Which of the following is the best example of environmental changes associated with The Anthropocene?
Climate change, nuclear waste, terraforming
compare cultures
Cultural anthropologists employ the process of ethnology to:
participant observation
Cultural anthropologists like to hang out with the people they are studying and ask lots of questions as the people work, celebrate, dance, or play games. What is the term best describes this process?
Gender preformance
Demonstrating your gender in expected or stereotypical ways is described by which of the following terms?
Colonization
During which era did the discipline of Anthropology begin?
inherent bias in data was not accounted for
Early anthropological research relied on accounts from missionaries, explorers, soldiers and naturalists. Why was use of these sources problematic?
Nobel Savage
Edward Curtis and others have been criticized for reinforcing romanticized images of "authentic" Native Americans. The term describing this is called _
Rapid gathering of available material culture and key interviews
Franz Boas's attempts to document Native American cultures that were devastated by the westward expansion of settlers is called salvage ethnography.Boas's method involved:
British Structuralism
Functionalism emphasized the ways that the parts of a society work together to support the functioning of the whole. It is associated with which group of Anthropologists?
Which answer best describes why globalization is described as "a double edged sword"?
Globalization has positive and negative effects on cultural groups
Which of the following best describes how globalization is impacting global language diversity?
Greater language shift resulting in lingistic homogenization
generalized reciprocity
Halloween is an example of which system of economic exchange?
What might an anthropologist interested in kinesics study?
How body language varies across cultures
Code switching
In 2009, newly elected president Barack Obama visited a famous eatery in the inner city of Washington, D.C., and, after paying his tab, was asked by the cashier if he wanted his change. The president's reply was, "Nah, we straight." Which of the following was the president doing?
participant observation
In an age of intensifying globalization, ethnographic research continues to provide a deep understanding of informants' everyday lives and cultures, due in large part to the continued use of what specific research method?
Pigmentocracy
In places like Brazil, elevated social or class status is linked to how dark or light a person's skin color is. Which of the following terms describes this process?
Redistribution
In the United States, what form of economic exchange does taxation represent?
Language shift, language loss and language revitalization are most impacted by, which of the following?
Internal factors like ideology and presteige
Generalized reciprocity is practiced by cultures around the world. Which of the following best describes a cultural benefit of this mode of exchange.
It helps build and maintain social ties
A complementary currency
Ithaca Hours is an example of which of the following?
What does Benjamin Whorf 's research with the Hopi, a Native American group in the southwestern United States, suggest about language?
Language creates a different way of thinking
exogamy
Many different kinship structures send a son away (or search outside their immediate kin groups) for a marriage partner. What rule does this reflect?
arranged marriage
Marriage is often seen as a way to build an alliance, and to match people with others from the "correct" social, economic or religious group. Sometimes this outcome is coincidental, but in many cases, it is accomplished intentionally through what kind of marriage?
human forms of globalization
Micro-loan programs and crowd funding programs are examples of what Political Scientist Manfred Steger calls _____?
historical linguistics
One area of study in Linguistic Anthropology involves understanding language evolution. What is this area of study called?
Key informants
Particularly knowledgable individuals who provide assistance, access and information to an anthropologist conducting fieldwork is called ___ ?
Which of the following is the best definition of an ethnic group?
People in a society who claim a distinct identity for themselves based on shared cultural characteristics and ancestry
Hypodescent
President Barack Obama's mother was a white woman from Kansas and his father was a black man from Kenya. What deeply embedded concept of racial division is revealed by the way people regard his race and even debate his birthplace?
What are we talking about when we refer to observable physical and biological differences between the male and female human reproduction systems?
Sex
a gender myth
The "man the hunter, woman the gatherer" story is based on the idea that greater male strength and aggression is imprinted in human DNA. Which of the following terms describes this concept?
Which of these definitions best describes sexuality, as understood by Cultural Anthropology?
desires beliefs and behaviors related to erotic physical contact and cultural ideas and rules about how when and with whom sex occurs
What do anthropologists call a nonstandard or subordinate variation of a language?
dialect
Which of the following is an example of negative reciprocity?
gambling
balanced reciprocy
The Kula Ring Kula ring system of exchange found in the Trobriand Islands of the South Pacific is an example of which of the following?
it can reinforce the prestige of the chief and secure kinship based ties
The Potlatch Ceremony is commonly practiced by Native peoples of the Pacific Northwest, such as the Kwakiutl. Which of the follow best describes the cultural and economic function of the activity?
cultural relativism
The ability to appreciate the value of a cultural practice from the perspective of a member of that culture is best described by which of the following terms?
Ethnocentrism
The concept of "The Other" as described in stories like Gulliver's Travels emphasizes difference between people, often negatively. Which term best describes how people can view other people or cultures as worse or less important than their own culture?
Climate change, including global warming, is primarily produced by what?
increased concentrations of greenhouse gasses created by the burning of fossil fuels
Globally, native and minority languages are becoming endangered. The process of a group stopping use of a language and adopting another is called ___
language shift
How do humans build kinship ties between two people who are not their immediate biological kin?
marriage
Which of the following types of marriage specifically involves the marital union of one woman to two or more men?
polyandry
Bangladesh's costal floodplain has been repeatedly inundated with monsoons, flooding, and devastating erosion. Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries in the world with low rates to CO2 emissions. How does the nation of Bangladesh illustrate the problems of development and how it relates to environmental challenges?
poorer nations suffer the consequences of climate change in ways that developed nations do not
A historical linguist would be most likely to study:
The development of language over time
Anthropecene
The distinct era in which human activity is reshaping the planet in permanent ways is referred to as what?
Currently, the world is consuming natural resources at double the rate required to maintain sustainable levels. What problem does this illustrate about the sustainability of the current global economy?
The human ecological footprint is too large
If an anthropologists is interested in understanding economic inequalities that prevents people from obtaining basic needs, their research will likely involve which of the following?
structural violence
Anthropological study from the perspective of an outsider or observer
The term etic means _____
unilineal cultural evolution
The work of many non-anthropologists through the nineteenth century suggested what theoretical idea about human life that anthropologists applied to culture?
How many distinct human races exist today?
There is only one human race
Why do contemporary anthropologists study sexuality?
They study sexuality in order to provide a better understanding of diverse expressions of sexuality worldwide
Which of the following is an example of how family status and roles have changed over time in the US?
Today it is more likely for a father to be an equal counterpart in caring for children
Lummi
Western Washington University occupies land which is part of the traditional territory of which Native American nation?
take time to learn the local language of the people being studied
What did Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942) encourage fellow anthropologists to do in his effort to improve field work methods?
clans
What do anthropologists call groups who have a general notion of common descent that is not attached to a specific biological ancestor?
mother
What do anthropologists call groups who have a general notion of common descent that is not attached to a specific biological ancestor?
ethnnocentrism
What do we call the belief that one's own culture or way of life is normal and natural and the practices of other people are abnormal and unnatural?
Which of the following is the best example of an Ethnic Boundary Marker?
wearing a yamaka, the head covering common for male members of the Jewish faith
Which of the following is an example of the informal economy?
yard sale
conduct a literature review
What is one of the typical steps taken during the planning stages of a fieldwork project?
Primatology
What sub-field of anthropology studies monkeys and apes, but not human beings?
colonization
What term best describes European powers acquiring "unclaimed" land with little regard for ethnic groups who already lived in those places, their political structures, belief systems, or ways of life.
Syncretism
What term best describes the combination of different beliefs—even those that are seemingly contradictory—into a new, harmonious whole?
reflexivity
What term describes ethnographers' awareness that they should engage in critical self-examination regarding the role they play in the research process?
Enculturation
What term describes how we learn to become part of a cultural group?
Nobel Savage
What term describes the cultural stereotype of Native Americans that portrayed in movies like Pocahontas and Avatar?
phonemes
What term do anthropologists use to refer to the smallest units of sound that can make a difference in meaning, but has no meaning itself
Sociolinguistics
When anthropologists emphasize how culture, society, and a person's social position shape language, what kind of anthropology are they describing?
Holism
Which concept refers to anthropology's commitment to looking at the full scope of human diversity and experience, including cultural, biological, historical, and linguistic aspects?
Archeology
Which discipline of anthropology studies human beings through the excavation and analysis of human material artifacts?
political ecology
Which of the following areas of theory originated in the 1960s and pushed the discipline of Anthropology to account for a more holistic understanding of environmental issues.
Lewis Henry Morgan
Which of the following individuals was among the earliest anthropologists who sought formalize study of kinship in the discipline?
multi-sited ethnography
Which of the following is a research method that has developed in response to globalization?
Race
Which of the following is a term for the flawed system of classification, with no biological basis, that uses certain physical characteristics to divide the human population into supposedly discrete groups?
White privledge
Which of the following is described as "an invisible package of unearned assets"?
Globalization
Which of the following processes is intensifying the exchange and diffusion of people, ideas, and goods worldwide, creating more interaction and engagement among cultures?
Anthropogenic
Which of the following terms best describes environments and pollutants produced by human activities?
A canon
Which of the following terms describes a core set of books, articles and scholars that are read in an academic discipline, like Anthropology?
multispecies ethnography
Which of the following terms describes an approach to research that challenges the centrality of humans in the world by recognizing a broader definition of who or what participates in a cultural group?
Kinship
Which of the following terms is defined as culturally recognized ties between members of a family, the social statuses used to define family members, and their expected behaviors?
polygany
Which of the following types of marriage specifically involves the marital union of one man to two or more women?
bride wealth
Which of the following types of marriage specifically involves the marital union of one woman to two or more men?
bisexual
Which term best describes people who are sexually and/or emotionally attracted people of multiple genders, such as (but not limited to) men and women?
heteronormative
Which term best describes the concept developed by French philosopher Michel Foucault to refer to the often-unnoticed system of rights and privileges that are associated with the sexual choices and family formation of dominant society?
Neoliberalism
Which term best describes the ideology of free-market capitalism emphasizing privatization and unregulated markets?
transgender
Which term commonly describes an individual who identifies differently from the gender they were assigned at birth.
Glocalization
Which term first emerged in the late 1980s and refers to the adaptation of global ideas into locally palatable forms?
Jim Crow
Which term refers to laws implemented after the U.S. Civil War to legally enforce segregation, particularly in the South after the end of slavery?
Which of the following best describes the tributary mode of economic production?
Workers typically own the means of production and pay a portion of what they produce in taxes
