Anthropology 5

The average size of the brain of Homo sapiens is _____ cc

1300

A number of theories have been proposed as to why states developed in many parts of the world. They include

all of the above

Among the cultural adaptations Homo erectus may have made is

all of the above

Archaeologists study what ancient peoples ate by

all of the above

In ______, researches from the United States and Germany published findings from mtDNA taken from the original Neandertal and compared it with modern humans, forcing a reconsideration of the relationship of modern humans and Neandertals.

1997

In North America, a settlement with over 100 earthen mounds developed near present day St. Louis represented

a large and powerful chiefdom.

A new invention of the Upper Paleolithic was

all of the above

The subjects of European cave paintings are mostly

animals

Theories about H. sapiens making their way to North America include:

both a and b are correct

In the state, many people are relieved of the need for

food production

The most supported alternative to the Beringia model of movement of Native Americans to the Americas is that they came

from Asia by boat

Archaeologists do not always agree on how to define a state, but most think the characteristics include

hierarchal and centralized decision-making

In Ali Kosh in southwestern Iran after about 5500 B.C., ________ were two important innovations.

irrigation and the use of domesticated cattle

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of culture?

it is not important to modern humans

Early Neandertals and early modern humans got their food in a variety of ways. Why?

it varied with their environment whether semiarid desert or cold tundra

The widening of the female pelvis is related to

larger brained babies

The fundamental difference between culture and most other forms of animal behavior is that culture is

learned and shared

Why does the presence of tools means culture existed?

making tools is a pattern of behavior shared by a group of individuals

Settled life is called

sedentarism

Bipedal locomotion, walking on two legs, was not the only change that occurred during early hominid evolution. Included were

the expansion of the brain

Bipedalism freed the hands, which allowed tools to be carried. This was an advantage because

the tools could be used as weapons against predators, if necessary.

Intermediate Theories have some relevance in the discussion of human origins because

they try to explain the replacement of one population by another and some interbreeding between early modern humans and other populations.

The first clear evidence of stone tools appears more than _____ million years after the appearance of bipedalism

2

According to the model of human evolution in ember and ember, the presumed common ancestor of apes and modern humans lived about _______ million years ago

6

Homo erectus had a brain of about ____ percent of modern humans.

70

The tool tradition identified with Homo erectus is the

Acheulian

As humans began to domesticate plants, these plants became different than the wild varieties. Why?

Actually, there were no differences

Food production developed because of

all of the above

The genus Australopithecus were definitely hominid based on the fact

all of the above

The rise of food production led to

all of the above

There are numerous explanations as to why states would decline and collapse over time. They include

all of the above

What characterizes early Homo so that we begin to see the start of new trends in hominid evolution?

all of the above

Which of the following hominid characteristics came first?

bipedalism

What makes Ardipithecus ramidus unique is that it

combined apelike dentition with bipedalism

Archaeologists speak of domestication only when there is evidence that plants and animals show a _____ wild plants and animals.

difference from

At present, archaeologists define the Neolithic in terms of the presence of

domesticated plants and animals

The innovation having the most lasting importance for humans, both in the Old and New Worlds was

domestication of plants and animals

The sequence of food acquisition was

hunting to collecting to agriculture

To explain why human evolution would proceed gradually and in the same direction in various parts of the Old World, multiregional theorists point to cultural improvements in _______.

hunting tools and cooking technology

The two main theories about the origin of Modern humans are the single-origin theory and the ____ theory.

multi-regional

An archaeological site in Colorado shows that early hunters were

organized and worked together

Archaic peoples of North America began to follow a more _____ lifestyle.

sedentary

What is the major principle of Single-Origin Theory?

that Neandertals did not evolve into modern humans but instead became extinct

Archaeologists can determine if an ancient society had different socioeconomic classes of people by

the differences in house size and furnishings.

Anthropologists speculate that early stone tools found in East Africa were made by

Early Homo

Undisputed bipedal early hominids lived in ____ about 4 million years ago.

East Africa

Toward the end of the Acheulian period, a technique developed that enable the toolmaker to produce flake tools of a predetermined size, the ______ method.

Levalloisian

_______ are very tiny blade tools.

Microliths