Anthropology

Students of anthropology tend to be interested in all of the following EXCEPT:

A goal of choosing a superior culture

What is the significance of the opening story on the nacirema people

It illustrates how culture can be viewed from more than one perspective

To say that anthropology is holistic means that anthropologists are particularly interested in:

The integration of biological, sociocultural, and environmental factors in explaining human behavior

Franz boas was an early propenent of the idea of cultrual relativism. This means that:

Values and customs be understood in terms of the culture of which they are a part

a category of persons who have similar opportunities to obtain economic resources, power, and prestige and who are ranked high and low in relation to each other is called:

a class

a cosmology is:

a framework for interpreting events and experiences

which of the following is always described as a symbol?

a national flag

the belief that all living and non-living objects are imbued with spirit is called:

animism

early anthropologists who relied on travelers and missionaries for their fieldwork data were called:

armchair anthropologists

forms of creative expression guided by aesthetic principles that involve imagination, skill, and styles are collectively called;

art

when cash or goods are given by the groom's kin to the bride's kin to seal the marriage, it is classified as:

bridewealth

forms of communication among nonhuman primates composed of a limited number of sounds that are tied to specific stimuli in the environment are referred to as:

call systems

parallel-cousin marriage involves:

children of the parents' same sex-siblings

the principle of____ differentiates relatives by blood from relatives by marriage

consanguineal vs. affinal kin

words are symbols that stand for things, actions, and ideas because speakers of a language agree that they do. this is a feature of human language called:

conventionality

In the United states, anthropology has traditionally included four subdisciplines. they are:

cultural anthropology, anthropological linguistics, archaeology, and biological anthropology

Which of the following best describes the anthropological approach to other cultures?

cultural relativism

the primary means through which humans adapt to their environment is:

culture

which of the following was the core belief of Franz boas?

cultures are products of their own histories

which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all cultures?

cultures are transmitted biologically

the human ability to speak about different times and places is called:

displacement

the process of learning to be a member of a specific cultural group is called:

enculturation

researchers who view the actions of other people simply in terms of the degree to which they correspond to their own notions of the ways people should behave are:

ethnocentric

all of the following are highly associated with a caste EXCEPT:

exogamy

which of the following is the oldest form of human subsistence?

foraging

the idea that gender is "constructed" means that:

gender is established by social norms and values rather than biology

constraints on women's lives and discrimination against women is called:

gender stratification

the most common form of reciprocity found among foragers is:

generalized reciprocity

tribes are primarily found among which subsistence groups?

horticulturalists and pastoralists

which of the following is NOT a common theme in Paleolithic cave art?

households and domestic scenes

the hijras in india are:

individuals who were born male but are considered neither man nor woman

the effect of tourism on indigenous arts:

is mixed; some traditional arts have prospered while many have deteriorated

how would you best characterize a subculture?

it is a group within a dominant society that does not share the society's norms and values

what is a pidgin language?

it is a language that combines features of two or more original languages that came into contact historically

which of the following does NOT characterize race in the U.S.?

it is flexible and achieved as a class category

the film please vote for me is an etic view on democracy, which means:

it is form an outsider perspective

which of the following best defines gender stratification?

it is the way gendered activities and attributes are differentially valued and related to the distribution of resources, prestige, and power in a society

in the Islamic Middle East, calligraphy is the most respected form of the graphic arts because:

it is used to represent the Koran

in the film eating Alaska, Ellen approaches the question of food ways in Alaska by:

learning about the diverse ways different people living in Alaska choose to eat

forms of redistribution that tend to decrease social inequality are called:

leveling mechanisms

when a couple lives with the wife's family, it is referred to as:

matrilocal residence

which of the following statements is correct?

most scholars do not believe that human language existed prior to the emergence of our species

unlike the other subsistence strategies, in industrialism the focus:

moves away from food to the production of goods and services

a Tuareg man wears his veil at different positions on his face in different social situations. this is an example of:

nonverbal communication

the hallmark of American anthropological fieldwork is:

participant observation

the most common form of marriage across cultures is:

polygyny

which theoretical approach argues that no knowledge is objective and all knowledge is influenced by the observer's own culture, social position, and gender?

postmodernism

what are the three main dimensions of social stratification?

power, prestige, and wealth

anthropologists consider that all of the following are characteristic of culture except:

practiced by as few as one individual

all human societies have an economic system in which people must:

produce, distribute, and consume

in economic systems, land, water, labor, and tools are classified as:

productive resources

Ethnography is the part of cultural anthropology that:

provides a description of society or culture

chiefdoms are classified as:

rank societies

the attempt of one group to reallocate power and resources within a political structure is a:

rebellion

when one group attempts to replace one political structure with another, it is called:

revolution

what are the three stages in rites of passage?

separation, liminality, and reincorporation

what distinguishes a shaman from a priest?

shamans are part-time practitioners who mediate the worlds of the natural and supernatural. priests are formally elected or appointed as full-time religious officers

a relatively permanent, unequal distribution of goods and services in a society is called:

social stratification

the film "A class apart" addresses, among other things:

social stratification based on ethnicity

social stratification is most characteristic of:

societies with high levels of social complexity

the film IIe Aiye was a film about Candomble, which is an example of a(n) _____ religion

syncretic

in foraging societies, an important source of women's power is:

the amount of food they contribute

contemporary anthropological approaches to gender emphasize:

the central role of gender relations as a basic building block of culture

an emic approach to the study of culture is one that emphasizes:

the description of a culture from the point of view of a member of the culture

the agricultural revolution began with:

the domestication of plants and animals

native americans have long contested the way museums have handled their material culture. all of the following have been common issues of concern EXCEPT:

the exhibits focus too much on political and social issues and not enough on cultural themes

which of the following is a weakness in using an organic analogy for human culture?

the organic analogy implies that properly functioning human societies are stable and conflict-free

market exchange is:

the primary distribution mechanism in most societies today

the productivity of any given environment is directly related to:

the technology used to exploit it

the study of political processes focuses on:

the ways in which different groups within a society use power and authority to achieve goals

which of the following statements about social mobility is correct?

there are possibilities for social mobility within class systems, although there are also constraints to mobility

what is unique about family relationships among the Na of China?

there is no marriage or paternity recognized in the culture; men only visit women temporarily and leave. families consist of the women, their children, and their male relatives

capitalism results in the creation of a society in which:

there will always be rich and poor

animal call systems can be distinguished from human language because:

they are restricted to a fixed number of signals

which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all religions?

they involve the belief in a supreme deity

which of the following in NOT classified as a subsistence strategy?

tribe

"Deep Play" is primarily a way to express:

unconscious cultural themes

according to the tale of the waria,

warias are men who believe they are born with the souls of women

subsistence strategies are defined best as:

ways that societies transform the material resources of the environment into food

which of the following statements is correct?

when religion does not meet the needs of its followers, prophets may come forth to create new religions