Anthropology quiz questions

In a matrilineal kinship system, a married couple is most likely to reside:

with or near the parents of the groom

Code switching...:

-Indicates to the listener that the person speaking has numerous micro cultural affiliations - Associated with elements of glottocentrism -Involves changing vocabulary, but in the same language

In the article, "body Art as visual Language" It was suggested that "body art"...

-Is used to proclaim independence/autonomy from cultural norms -Reveals how much of identity is culturally constructed -is practiced in many different types of societies -Was practiced in the past as well as being practiced in the present

what characteristics describe the caste system?

-It often results in in-group marriage -It results in spatial segregation among members of society -It gets largely passed down to the next generation through engrained ideology

Finn's article 'reflections of a shy ethnographer illustrates that:

-Kinship patterns across cultures can be different -Shyness can be an asset during fieldwork -Linguistic diversity is present even among cultures with relatively few members

What is an example of a psychological need filled by religious belief and action.

-Religion provides a way of expressing unconscious desires wishes and thoughts -Religion has helped peoples throughout time both explain and deal with our inability to control natural disasters and environmental phenomena like eclipses, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes. -Religion helps us understand the big questions of life: who am I, Where did I come from, what will happen when I die

A sociolinguist would argue:

-That ones language, in part reflects one's social class and status within society -That cultural norms impact language and its uses

The film we watched in class, "between two worlds", illustrated that:

-The Hmong offered animals for healing and religious purposes. -Many Hmong immigrants had high-state jobs in their home country, though had to "start over" when they arrived in the U.S.

What are the 3 theoretical approaches of medical Anthropologists?

1. Ecological 2. Symbolic/interrpretivist 3. Critical Med. Anthro

What regards how households and kinship are changing in contemporary times?

1. Increased Migration is resulting in an increase in wedding style syncretism 2. Higher education aspirations are increasing the average age at which women are having children 3. A rise in nuclear households is resulting in a decrease in kinship-based entitlements.

Brideprice refers to:

A gift to the bride's family from the groom's side

The main difference between a migrant and a refugee is:

A refugee has a well-founded fear of staying in their habitual residence

Large extended households are most prevalent in what mode of livelihood?

Agriculture

define expected reciprocity:

An exchange of approximately equally valued goods or services usually between people roughly equal in social status

Anthropology is usually divided into 4 fields, but some people claim that a fifth field, known as ______ anthropology, should be included.

Applied

The current anthropological definition of religions says that it is _______________.

Beliefs and behavior concerning supernatural beings and powers

What are the 4 fields of anthropology?

Biological Archaeology Linguistic Cultural

SEX is a:

Biological category

One reason why foragers typically have low rates of population growth is because:

Breastfeeding occurs over frequent and long periods of time, thereby suppressing ovulation

Romantic love:

Can exist even in polyandrous marriage systems

When doing fieldwork, establishing rapport:

Can involve exchanging gifts with the local people

When Migrants come to places to be near friends and relatives who have already migrated there, this is called

Chain Migration

Political control in state level societies may involve:

Coercion, State-sanctioned violence, Standing Armies

GENDER is a:

Cultural category

The idea that each culture must be understood in terms of its own values and beliefs and not by the standards of another is called:

Cultural relativism

Research that is guided by a hypothesis:

Deductive

How do cultures create kinship?

Descent (Blood) Sharing Marriage

Cultures can create kinship via which of the following?

Descent, sharing, and marriage

The construction of the 3 gorges dam in china is associated with what migration pattern or concept?

Development-induced displacement

What is a common characteristic of the "eskimo" kinship terminology system?

Different terms distinguish between parents and the parent's siblings.

Human language has the capacity to communicate messages that are about events in the past or the future. This feature is called:

Displacement

A research method for learning about culture that involves living in a culture for an extended period while gathering data is called:

Ethnography

A typical epic approach might involve the study of:

Events that have meaning for members of a particular culture

T/F Body Modification (which includes piercings, scarification and tattoos) is NOT common among indigenous peoples around the world

False

T/F: According to the article "baseball Magic", Most U.S. baseball players don't use magic to try to control the outcome of the game but most baseball players in Latin America do.

False

T/F: These days, many more men then women migrate across international borders

False

World population grew faster with the introduction of agriculture than at any other time in human history T/F

False

Population change is a product of:

Fertility & Mortality

Specific Cultural anthropology methods include:

Focus groups, Participatory field methods, and Participatory Methodologies

Generalized reciprocity is a mode of exchange that is most typical of:

Foragers

In what country would you expect to find an explicitly "pro-natalist" agenda?

France- Because of its state-level policies

The social distribution of the disease kuru in papua New Guinea was based on which micro cultural factor?

Gender

A factor in high rates of wife abuse in rural Kentucky is:

Geographical isolation

Participatory observation includes involving yourself in cultural actives such as:

Harvesting Procedures, Traditional Healing ceremonies, Childcare

Compared to temperate-climate foragers, circumpolar foragers:

Have a more sharply differentiated gender division of labor

What mode is where the women often have significant responsibility?

Horticultural

Most matrilineal societies are:

Horticulturalists

Children have the most tasks in which mode of livelihood

Horticulture

Unbalanced exchange includes

Human Trafficking, isn't traffic the worst? It always makes me late and want to punch my dashboard. Wouldn't it feel good to yell at the grandma going about 20 under ON THE HIGHWAY just once in your life?

Below-replacement-level fertility is characteristic of the _______ mode of livelihood.

Industrial/digital economy

The headman of a tribe has declared that certain cuts of meat should be reserved for himself and his family. A member of the tribe challenges this, and points out that meat, as well as other foods, have, according to tradition, always been shared equally among tribe members. The member of the tribe is seeking to bring about action on the basis of __________.

Influence

Leadership in bands is:

Informal

The cultural materials perspective uses a 3-level model of culture that includes:

Infrastructure, structure, and superstructure

Social functions of religion include all but which of the following

Insight that helps us to understand what happens after death

Culture is:

Integrated, Based on symbols, Learned

Three heterosexual couples are being married. Both the bride and groom of couple A are well-educated. The groom of couple B is from a much wealthier family than the bride. The bride of couple C is much taller than the groom. Which of the following sequences of terms is correctly applied to the three couples?

Isogamy (A) Hygoyny (B) Hypergyny (C)

What is true about the Minangkabau culture?

It is the world's largest matrilineal culture

A cultural relativist would view contemporary Nacirema culture as:

Just as interesting and worthy of study as any other

The research tool showing the relatives known by an individual or "ego" is a:

Kinship diagram

Typically, circular migrants are also _____________.

Labor Migrants

Bilinear descent systems are:

Less common that unilinear descent systems

What trend has increased as smaller political organizations have given way to the state?

Less reliance on kinship relations as a basis of political structures

What are some of the elements of Buddhism in NW Nepal?

Lighting candles as offerings Placing Prayer flags over sacred spaces Believing in rebirth

the buying and selling of commodities under competitive condition, in which the forces of supply and demand determine value:

Market Exchange

The system of descent in which kinship is traced through the female?

Matrilineal

What is the fastest growing area of anthropology?

Medical Anthropology

What are the 2 different forms of marriage?

Monogamy Polygamy

Compared with family farming, corporate farming is:

More geared to production for sale

Magic is _________.

Most likely to be practiced in situations of uncertainity

The mode of livelihood based on domesticated animal herds and the use of their products, such as meat and milk:

Pastoralism

In the film 'strange relations', the first segment in north Africa tells a 'love marriage' story from a culture that practices which type of kinship?

Patrilineal polygyny

Compared to a family, a household may include:

People who are not related by kinship

What social group would be classified as being in your secondary social group?

People you regularly meet for social gatherings?

An individual with a health issue visits a traditional healer and reports an improved condition even though the visit did not include any explicit treatment. What term best applies to this scenario?

Placebo effect

In cultural anthropology, band, tribe, chiefdom, and state are terms used to describe:

Political organization

The ability to use force in order to bring about results

Power

According to the code of ethics of the american anthropological association (AAA), the anthropologist's first responsibility is to:

Protect the people studied from harm related to the research

What is an example of an ascribed status?

Queen of England

Cross culturally, women's speech and language patterns:

Reflects a woman's position in society

Carnival is an example of a _________.

Ritual of inversion

6 culture study suggested that children in horticultural societies tend to be more ________: than children in agricultural and industrial societies.

Self-sacrificing

An example of the interpretivist approach in medical anthropology is:

Showing how a song sung by a shaman might help a woman through a difficult birth

What are some examples of 'non-verbal' language?

Sign Language, Silence, Gestures

What is a perspective in linguistic anthropology which says that culture, society, and a person's social position determine language?

Sociolinguistics

Culture is NOT:

Static

In the 2nd stage of the demographic transition, birth rates ____, while death rates____.

Stay the same/ fall drastically

The ecological/ epidemiological approach in medical anthropology involves:

Study of how the natural environment interacts with culture to cause disease

What is a pull factor when consider the reasons that people migrate across international borders?

The fact that even low-paying jobs in the U.S. pay more than 10x the daily wage in Latin America

Neolocal residence for married couples is associated with:

The foraging mode of livelihood

What is the difference between cross-cousins and parallel cousins? what factor is it defined by?

The gender of the ego's parent of whom the cousin's parent is a sibling

Bride service involves:

The groom working for the bride's family

One thing about which most cultural anthropologists agree is:

The importance of doing fieldwork

Cultural anthropologists link the modes of reproduction to :

The modes of livelihood

According to the "lifeboat mentality":

The number of people in a group should not be increased because it will reduce resources available to those already in the group

Polyandry, as it is depicted in goldstein's article and in the film 'strange relations', involves:

The potential for emotional hardship for all of those involved

In "how do dogs dream", the article concludes that:

The runs include the dogs into both religious and shamanistic aspects of life

Ethnomedicine refers to

The study of cross-cultural health systems

The Hawthorne Effect refers to:

The tendency for respondents to change their behavior to correspond with the researcher's interests

A common feature of people who take on "third gender roles" among Native American culture is:

Their General acceptance by society

An anthropologist is studying a village and finds that most of the working-age women are forced, by economic necessity, to leave the village for six months of the year to work manufacturing jobs in a city in an adjoining country. What category of migrant correctly applies to these women?

Transnational migrant

The United nations has declared the "right of return" to be an inalienable human right.

True

The film 'American Tongues':

Urgent the viewer to think about whether he/she judges a person based on their dialect

A person's class position is:

Usually measured in terms of income level

A societies modes of reproduction/livelihood, directly influences:

Views on sex, birth, and death

A confederacy is:

a formal alliance of chiefdomes

In medical anthropology, "illness" refers to:

a person's perceptions and experiences of certain socially devalued states

Social ranking on the basis of caste is:

an ascribed system

The argument that cultures are integrated leads to the claim that a culture should:

be studied as a whole

If you were invited to attend a potlatch among the kwakwaka'wakw indians of the pacific NW, you would probably:

eat a lot

Bilineal descent makes sense in:

foraging societies because it provides flexibility and reflects fluid social arrangements.

The term "medical pluralism" refers to the:

presence of multiple health systems within a society

The Sapir-whorf Hypothesis refers to the idea that:

the way people use language affects the way they think

Unilineal descent makes sense in modes where:

there is a fixed resource base—horticulture, pastoralism, and agriculture—because it provides stability.