Antibiotic PrepU Questions

You are preparing to discharge a patient who is taking ciprofloxacin. What guidance would you offer this patient to prevent crystalluria?

"Drink at least 2 liters of fluids per day."

A client is caring for an 8-year-old child who weighs 30 kg. The health care provider orders gentamicin IM for the client. The recommended dosage range is 2-2.5 mg/kg q8h. What is the maximum amount of gentamicin the client will receive in a day?

225 mg

What renal effects may occur in clients treated with fluoroquinolones? (Select all that apply.)

Azotemia Crystalluria Hematuria

Before the selection of an aminoglycoside to treat a client's wound infection, what would the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Culture and sensitivity

A client who takes zinc daily is diagnosed with a severe infection and is ordered levofloxacin (Levaquin). The nurse is aware that taking these two drugs may have what affect on the antibiotic?

Decreased absorption

Which of the following classes of antibiotics is a direct inhibitor of DNA synthesis in bacteria?

Fluoroquinolones

Which of the following drugs would be classified as an aminoglycoside?

Gentamicin

The pharmacology instructor is discussing ways to decrease adverse effects on clients taking aminoglycosides. Which would the instructor include?

Keeping the clent well hydrated

When administering aminoglycosides, the nurse must be aware of which of the following adverse reactions?

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

The nurse knows that pseudomembranous colitis is a superinfection of fluoroquinolones, especially when they are administered in high doses, because these medications have what effect in the body?

They disrupt the normal flora of the body.

The nurse should advise the client to avoid taking which medication at the same time as a fluoroquinolone?

antacids

When describing the action of fluoroquinolones to treat infection to a group of nursing students, which action would the instructor most likely include?

bactericidal

A nurse is teaching a client about the medication regimen surrounding fluoroquinolones. Which statement made by the client would indicate the need for additional education?

"I will only drink enough water to swallow the drug."

A nurse has been performing vigilant assessments of a patient who is receiving doses of intravenous gentamicin, each over 30 minutes. A blood sample for peak gentamicin levels should be drawn

30 minutes after the drug has finished infusing.

A client with a severe infection has an order for IV gentamicin and IV penicillin. How will the nurse administer these medications?

Administer the gentamicin IV and wait 1 hour and administer the penicillin.

A client is to receive gentamicin for treatment of an infection. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to assess to establish a baseline?

Auditory function

Which of the following drugs is likely to be administered as a first-line treatment for anthrax exposure?

Ciprofloxacin

A local Bioterrorism Medical Team is learning about germ warfare. The team is instructed that a fluoroquinolone may be used to prevent an outbreak of anthrax. What fluoroquinolone would most likely be used?

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

What renal effects may occur in clients treated with fluoroquinolones? (Select all that apply.)

Crystalluria Hematuria Azotemia

A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for an acute sinus infection. The nurse knows that this anti-infective medication belongs to which drug category?

Fluoroquinolones

The nursing student correctly identifies the class of drugs that exerts their bactericidal effect by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial DNA, thus preventing cell reproduction and leading to death of the bacteria, as which of the following groups?

Fluoroquinolones

Once-daily aminoglycoside (ODA) dosing has replaced multiple daily dosing in many patients. What is the rationale behind ODA dosing?

Higher efficacy with less nephrotoxicty

A 60-year-old male client with a diagnosis of bacteremia is being treated with intravenous gentamicin. After 4 days of treatment, the care team is pleased with the improvement in the client's condition and the effect of the drug treatment on his blood cultures. During morning care, the client has told the nurse that he is having ringing in his ears and woke up this morning with a pounding headache. How should the nurse respond to this client?

Hold the next scheduled dose of gentamicin until the health care provider has been consulted.

Your patient is receiving a multiple-dose regimen of an aminoglycoside. On what serum drug levels will you base the patient's maintenance dose?

Peak and trough levels

A male client develops a wound infection, and the health care provider orders once-daily intravenous multiple-dose regimens of aminoglycosides. What kinds of monitoring does the nurse expect the provider to order?

Peak and trough serum levels

A client with a complex medical history is showing signs and symptoms of sepsis. What aspect of this client's health history would rule out the safe and effective use of an aminoglycoside antibiotic?

The client has chronic renal failure

Your client is scheduled to undergo major abdominal surgery. A preoperative order for neomycin has been given. Neomycin is used preoperatively for the following reason:

To suppress intestinal bacteria.

The nurse instructs the client who is taking oral ciprofloxacin to avoid which food while taking this medication?

cheese

A 23-year-old man who works in construction calls the clinic to report that he has a rash all over his body, his skin is red, and it feels like it is burning. The nurse suspects that he is having a photosensitivity reaction from Lomefloxacin (Maxaquin), which was prescribed the day before. The nurse will instruct the client to:

discontinue the drug immediately and return to the clinic.

Because of their low risk of toxicity, aminoglycocides are replacing many of the other antibiotics today.

false

After teaching a group of students about aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which drug as the prototype for this class?

gentamicin

After teaching a group of students about the indications for use for aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which type of infection as a primary indication?

gram - infections

A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a nursing pharmacology class on the action of fluoroquinolones. Which action would the instructor most likely include?

interfering with DNA synthesis in the bacterial cell

What is a contraindication to use of a fluoroquinolone?

lactation

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about fluoroquinolones. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which as an example?

metronidazole

A client is receiving levofloxacin (Levaquin) IV. During an infusion, the client reports pain and the nurse notes a reddened area along the vein. What does the nurse suspect?

phlebitis

A young lifeguard has been prescribed moxifloxacin (Avelox). The nurse understands that the focus on education would be which adverse reaction?

photosensitivity

The nurse is preparing to administer amikacin to a client with a complicated Staphylococcus aureus infection. What assessment should the nurse prioritize?

renal function

A client with a gram-negative infection is being treated with an aminoglycoside. What system should the nurse expect to be tested daily while on this medication?

renal system

A client's risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity increases dramatically if he or she receives an aminoglycoside in conjunction with a potent diuretic.

true