ANTR and PHYS Chapter 1

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex:1. molecules2. atoms3. tissues4. cells5. organs

2-1-4-3-5

A change in the temperature of the external environment

A

Stomach

Abdominopelvic

Uterus

Abdominopelvic

The stomach is _________ to the spine

Anterior

Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting colder)

B

Arm

Brachial

Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain

C

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues

Cardiovascular

Head

Cephalic

Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways

D

Esophagus, large intestine, rectum

Digestive

The fingers are ________ to the wrist.

Distal

Skeletal muscles respond with shivering reflex which provides heat to return the body's temperature to a homeostatic balance or "ideal" value

E

Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary

Endocrine

Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones

Endocrine

The elbow is proximal to the shoulder

False

The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum

False

The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach

False

Buttock

Gluteal

Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances

Immune

Prevents water loss, entry of germs into the body and synthesizes vitamin D

Integumentary

Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?

It is considered the cause of most diseases.

Removes and filters excess fluid from tissues

Lymphatic

Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?

MRI

The bridge of the nose is _______ to the left eye

Medial

Provides the force to moves bones about their joints

Muscular

Responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses

Nervous

Knee (anterior aspect)

Patellar

The upper arm is ________ to the forearm

Proximal

Trachea bronchi, alveoli

Respiratory

Provides a ridged framework to support the body stores and minerals

Skeletal

Select the most correct statement.

The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system.

Chest

Thoracic

Heart

Thoracic

Lungs

Thoracic

Positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated

True

digital subtraction angiography (DSA) imaging is most useful in discovering obstructed blood supplies in organs and tissues

True

Kidneys, bladder, ureters

Urinary

Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes.

Visceral pericardium covers the outer surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the internal walls of the heart.

Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane?

any sagittal plane except in the midline

The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following?

brain

Arteries, veins, hearth

cardiovascular

Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?

cardiovascular physiology

Brain

cranial cavity

Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched.

cytology: study of the structures in a particular region

The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ________ cavity.

dorsal

A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________.

enhancement of labor contractions

Expiration (breathing out) is how the body removes excessive carbon dioxide from the blood. This is an example of ________.

excretion of metabolic waste

Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception through old age.

false

What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?

frontal

The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ________ anatomy.

gross

The coxal joint is most likely found in ________ region of the body

hip

Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?

intestines

The lungs are __________ to the heart.

lateral

In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located?

left upper quadrant

The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane ________.

lining the thoracic cavity

Used for changes in blood glucose levels

negative feedback

used for changes in blood pressure

negative feedback

Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?

nervous

Which of the following are survival needs of the body?

nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen

A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n) ________.

organ

The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________.

palms turned posteriorly

In which body cavities are the lungs located?

pleural, ventral, thoracic

Used for blood clotting

positive feedback

used for childbirth

positive feedback

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________.

relatively stable internal environment, within limits

What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called?

sagittal

One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to ________.

sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them

Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity?

thoracic cavity

The term pollex refers to the ________.

thumb

Histology would be best defined as a study of ________.

tissues

Generally what is the result of the negative feedback process?

to maintain homeostasis

A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction.

true

A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function.

true

It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it.

true

Lungs carry out an excretory function

true

Responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense changes in the environment and then respond to them.

true

The epigastric region is superior to the umbilical region.

true

Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance.

true