AP Biology The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Review

If guanine makes up 28% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism, then thymine would make up ___% of the nucleotides. - 28 - 56 - 22 - 44

22 (If guanine makes up 28%, then there must be an equal amount of cytosine (28%). for a total of 56%. That leaves 44% for adenine and thymine. Divide that by 2 to get the percentage of thymine in the DNA.)

If a segment of DNA is 5'-TGA AGA CCG-3', the RNA that results from the transcription of this segment will be - 5'-TGA AGA CCG-3' - 3'-ACU UCU GGC-5' - 3' ACT TCT GGC- 5' - 3' CGG UCU UCA-5'

3'-ACU UCU GGC-5'

Which of TRUE of biotechnology techniques? - EcoRI is a name for a DNA probe. - A DNA probe consists of a radioactive single strand of DNA.

A DNA probe consists of a radioactive single strand of DNA

A particular triplet code on DNA is AAA. What is the anticodon for it? - AAA - TTT - UUU - CCC

AAA

Which enzyme permanently seals together DNA fragments that have complementary sticky ends? - DNA polymerase - single stranded binding protein - reverse transcriptase - DNA ligase

DNA ligase

Discovered transformation in bacteria - Hershey and Chase - Griffith - Meselson and Stahl - Rosalind Franklin

Griffith

Which of the following acts as a primer that initiates the synthesis of a new strand of DNA? - single strand binding protein - RNA - DNA - topoisomerases

RNA

The first to analyze DNA by X-ray crystallography - Hershey and Chase - Griffith - Meselson and Stahl - Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin

Which of the following contain a pyrimidine and a purine? - adenine and guanine - uracil and thymine - cytosine and uracil - adenine and cytosine

adenine and cytosine

In DNA replication, the role of DNA polymerase is to - bring two separate strands back together after new ones are formed - build a new strand of DNA from 5' to 3'

build a new strand of DNA from 5' to 3'

What are the regions of DNA called that code for prions? - introns - codons - anticodons - exons

exons

Which of the following is an example of wobble? - the binding of a primer to DNA - four codons can all code for the same amino acid

four codons can all code for the same amino acid

Prions are - bacteriophages that cause disease - infectious proteins - a bacterium that infects viruses - the cause of sickle cell anemia

infectious proteins

All of the following are true about electrophoresis EXCEPT - it can be used only to analyze DNA - the heavier the fragment, the slower it moves

it can be used only to analyze DNA

Acts as an inducer in the lac operon - lactose - repressor - regulator - promoter

lactose

Mad cow disease is cause by a - virus - prion - bacterium - genetic mutation

prion

Binding site for RNA polymerase - lactose - repressor - regulator - promoter

promoter

Which word would BEST describe the operon? - respiration - transport - regulation - nutrition

regulation

Codes for the repressor - lactose - repressor - regulator - promoter

regulator

Once transcribed, eukaryotic RNA normally undergoes substantial alteration that results primarily from - removal of exons - removal of introns - addition of introns - combining of RNA strands by a ligase

removal of introns

The process in which DNA is synthesized from a template strand - translation - replication - transcription - transformation

replication

Binds at the operator - lactose - repressor - regulator - promoter

repressor

Which is NOT used in the normal replication of DNA? - RNA replication - ligase - restriction enzymes - polymerase

restriction enzymes

DNA replication can best be described as - semiconservative - conservative - degenerate - comparative

semiconservative

Gel electrophoresis is used to - amplify small pieces of DNA - make bacterial cells competent - separate DNA that has already been cut up by restriction enzymes - cause DNA to twist back into a helix after amplification

separate DNA that has already been cut up by restriction enzymes

The process through which DNA makes messenger RNA - translation - replication - transcription - transformation

transcription

The process in which foreign DNA is taken up by a bacterial cell - translation - replication - transcription - transformation

transformation

The process in which a polypeptide strand is synthesized using mRNA as a template - translation - replication - transcription - transformation

translation

EcoRI is - a bacterium - a bacteriophage - a type of DNA used extensively in research - a restriction enzyme

a restriction enzyme

Proved that the nuclear material in a bacteriophage, not the protein coat, infects a bacterium - Hershey and Chase - Griffith - Meselson and Stahl - Rosalind Franklin

Hershey and Chase

Which of the following is TRUE about sickle-cell anemia? - It is caused by a chromosome mutation that resulted from nondisjuction. - It is caused by a point mutation.

It is caused by a point mutation.

Proved that DNA replicates by semiconservative replication - Hershey and Chase - Griffith - Meselson and Stahl - Rosalind Franklin

Meselson and Stahl

What happens when T7 bacteriophages are grown in radioactive phosphorous? - They can no longer infect bacteria. - They die. - Their DNA becomes radioactive. - Their protein coat becomes radioactive.

Their DNA becomes radioactive.

If AUU is the codon, what is the anticodon? - AUU - TAA - UUA - UAA

UAA