AP Biology Unit 1: Chemistry of Life - Carbohydrates (Practice Quiz)
During the condensation of a sequence of 50 amino acids to make a protein, _______ water molecules will be _______. A. 49; produced B. 49; consumed C. 50; produced D. 50; consumed E. Water will neither be consumed nor produced.
A
Seeds contain dense aggregates of starch. What role does water play in how the seeds use the stored starch? A. Water is needed to break the hydrogen bonds in the starch aggregates, allowing ready access to stored energy. B. Water is needed to break the peptide bonds in the starch polymers, releasing more water for the plant's use. C. Water is needed to break the peptide bonds in the starch polymers, releasing more water for the plant's use. D. Water is needed to dissolve the starch so that it can mix with fats and create new energy compounds utilized by the growing plant. E. Water is needed to dissolve the starch so that it can mix with fats and create new energy compounds utilized by the growing plant.
A
A molecule with the formula C6H12O6 can be classified as a A. protein. B. carbohydrate. C. lipid. D. fat. E. Classification cannot be determined by formula alone.
B
Monosaccharides are joined together by A. peptide bonds form during hydrolysis. B. glycosidic linkages formed during dehydration reactions C. peptide bonds. D. peptide bonds. E. peptide bonds.
B
A substance that is soluble in water and turns sweet in the presence of amylase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages, is most likely A. hemoglobin. B. glucose. C. starch. D. glycerol. E. collagen.
C
Maltose is a disaccharide consisting of glucose monomers. What is the balanced chemical reaction that expresses the biosynthesis of maltose? A. 1 glucose + 1 glucose → 1 maltose B. 1 glucose + 1 glucose + 1 water → 1 maltose C. 1 glucose + 1 glucose → 1 water + 1 maltose D. 1 glucose + 1 glucose + 2 water → 1 maltose E. 1 glucose + 1 glucose → 2 water + 1 maltose
C
Starch and glycogen, which are both polysaccharides, differ in that starch is _______, while glycogen _______. A. the main component for plant structural support; is an energy source for animals B. a structural material found in plants and animals; forms external skeletons in animals C. the principal energy storage compound of plants; is the main energy storage in animals D. a temporary compound used to store glucose; is a highly stable compound that stores complex lipids E. the main energy storage in animals; is a temporary compound used to store glucose
C
The monomers that make up polymeric carbohydrates like starch are called A. nucleotides. B. trisaccharides. C. monosaccharides. D. nucleosides. E. fatty acids.
C
Which shows monomers correctly paired with their corresponding polymer? A. Monosaccharides: polysaccharide; amino acids: lipid B. Amino acids: protein; monosaccharides: nucleic acid C. Nucleotides: nucleic acid; amino acids: protein D. Monosaccharides: nucleic acid; nucleotides: lipid E. Amino acids: lipids; monosaccharides: protein
C
Cellulose, starch, and glycogen are all polymers of glucose. Animals can hydrolyze starch and glycogen but can't hydrolyze cellulose because it A. is not branched like starch and glycogen. B. is a larger polysaccharide than starch or glycogen. C. is made by plant cells. D. contains different glycosidic linkages than starch or glycogen. E. contains linkages that cannot be hydrolyzed.
D
Glycogen is all of the following except A. a form of energy storage. B. composed of glucose monomers C. highly branched. D. a base from which cellulose is made. E. insoluble in water.
D
All starches are A. insoluble in water. B. linear polymers. C. aggregates in the presence of water. D. the principal energy storage for all organisms. E. composed of only glucose monomers.
E
Glucose is a A. disaccharide. B. pentose. C. six-hydrogen molecule. D. polysaccharide. E. hexose.
E
Sucrose, known as common table sugar, is a A. hexose. B. lipid. C. simple sugar. D. glucose. E. disaccharide.
E
The main function of cellulose, the most abundant organic compound on Earth, is A. as a storage compound for genetic information. B. as a storage compound for energy in plant cells. C. as a storage compound for energy in animal cells. D. as a component of biological membranes. E. as an excellent structural material that can withstand harsh environmental conditions without substantial change.
E