ap classroom apush period 4
Which of the following best explains the expansion of participatory democracy in the early nineteenth century?
The extension of suffrage rights to most adult White men The reduction of property requirements for White male suffrage resulted in increased voter participation and, thus, increased participation in political party activity.
Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the United States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812?
An end to impressment
All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT:
It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.
An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the
enunciation of the doctrine of nullification
The map above shows the United States immediately following the
passage of the Missouri Compromise it has to do with slave states and free states in the new terriotry
Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that
political participation by the common man should be increased
"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832
prioritized regional interests
The area marked X on the map was part of
the Louisiana Purchase
In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from
the United States Supreme Court
Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT
the right of nullification
One distinguishing feature of the new middle class that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s was
the separation of economic production from the home and family life
In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were
young unmarried women from rural New England
Many Americans were suspicious of the Second Bank
They believed that it was controlled by a commercial elite.
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?
Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.
Which of the following factors best explains the increase in White male suffrage in the early nineteenth century?
Changes to property ownership requirements The elimination of property ownership requirements by states throughout the nineteenth century resulted in most White men being able to vote.
"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose Henry Clay's ideas?
Members of the Democratic Party
"Louisiana as ceded by France is made part of the United States. Congress may make part of the United States other adjacent territories which shall be justly acquired. "Congress may sever from the United States territory not heretofore within the United States, with consent of a majority of the free males above 21 years, inhabiting such territory." James Madison, secretary of state, proposed constitutional amendment [not passed], 1803 Which of the following best describes the historical situation in which the amendment was proposed?
The federal government sought to acquire more western land in North America. The excerpt explains that this amendment was proposed in the midst of negotiations with France over a proposed treaty that would result in the United States purchasing the Louisiana territory. The proposed amendment also alludes to future efforts to cede territory by the United States.
In the 1850s, which of the following groups would have been most likely to benefit from the changes depicted on the maps?
Immigrants from western Europe By the 1850s, the westward expansion of the United States, to which transportation improvements contributed, benefited many immigrants from western Europe by creating new economic opportunities for them to either own farmland or seek jobs in new industries.
Which of the following best explains the cause of the emergence of new political parties in the early nineteenth century?
Continued debates over the proper role of the federal government Debates over federal issues such as internal improvements, tariffs, and the abolition of slavery fueled the rise—and sometimes decline—of parties such as the Jacksonian Democrats, and the Whigs.
the party in power stepped down after losing the election
The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because
The expansion of a market economy in the early nineteenth century is reflected in which of the following?
The improvement of transportation and availability of goods
What was the purpose behind the publication of the 1840 illustration above?
To portray William Henry Harrison as a common man
"The creation of a home market is not only necessary to procure for our agriculture a just reward of its labors, but it is indispensable to obtain a supply of our necessary wants. . . . Suppose no actual abandonment of farming, but, what is most likely, a gradual and imperceptible employment of population in the business of manufacturing, instead of being compelled to resort to agriculture. . . . Is any part of our common country likely to be injured by a transfer of the theatre of [manufacturing] for our own consumption from Europe to America? ". . . Suppose it were even true that Great Britain had abolished all restrictions upon trade, and allowed the freest introduction of the [products] of foreign labor, would that prove it unwise for us to adopt the protecting system? The object of protection is the establishment and perfection of the [manufacturing] arts. In England it, has accomplished its purpose, fulfilled its end. . . . The adoption of the restrictive system, on the part of the United States, by excluding the [products] of foreign labor, would extend the [purchasing] of American [products], unable, in the infancy and unprotected state of the arts, to sustain a competition with foreign fabrics. Let our arts breathe under the shade of protection; let them be perfected as they are in England, and [then] we shall be ready . . . to put aside protection, and enter upon the freest exchanges." Henry Clay, speaker of the House of Representatives, speech in Congress, 1824 The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s?
The political debates over economic development In the excerpt from Clay's speech, he sought to convince his congressional colleagues to support his plan to encourage United States manufacturing, which could best be used by historians studying political debates over economic development.
"A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. Entertaining this opinion, and deeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating [removing] these objections. I sincerely regret that in the act before me I can perceive none of those modifications of the bank charter which are necessary, in my opinion, to make it compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the Constitution of our country. . . . "Experience should teach us wisdom. Most of the difficulties our Government now encounters and most of the dangers which impend over our Union have sprung from an abandonment of the legitimate objects of Government by our national legislation. . . . Many of our rich men have not been content with equal protection and equal benefits, but have besought us to make them richer by act of Congress. By attempting to gratify their desires we have in the results of our legislation arrayed section against section, interest against interest, and man against man, in a fearful commotion which threatens to shake the foundations of our Union." President Andrew Jackson, Veto Message Regarding the Bank of the United States, 1832 People who shared the views expressed in the excerpt most likely opposed which of the following?
The use of federal government funding for internal improvements Unlike Whigs, who generally supported using federal funds for transportation projects, members of Jackson's constituency generally opposed projects of that kind as being an overreach of governmental power.
"To the Commanders of armed vessels belonging to the United States: "WHEREAS it is declared by the act entitled 'An act for the protection of the commerce and seamen of the United States, against the Tripolitan cruisers,' That it shall be lawful fully to equip, officer, man, and employ such of the armed vessels of the United States, as may be judged requisite by the President of the United States, for protecting effectually the commerce and seamen thereof, on the Atlantic ocean, the Mediterranean and adjoining seas: and also, that it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to instruct the commanders of the respective public vessels, to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey [Sultan] of Tripoli [in North Africa], or to his subjects. "THEREFORE, And in pursuance of the said statute, you are hereby authorized and directed to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey of Tripoli, or to his subjects, and to bring or send the same into port, to be proceeded against and distributed according to law. "By command of the President of the United States of America." Thomas Jefferson, 1802 The rhetorical purpose expressed in the excerpt would most likely have been interpreted as promoting which of the following?
Using international commerce to expand United States influence The excerpt clearly outlines the desire of the United States to secure trade carried out by its citizens, with the intended impact of strengthening its influence abroad.
Andrew Jackson vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the United States partly because he believed that the bank
concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people
Politics in the antebellum United States changed dramatically because
expanded White male suffrage broadened participation in elections
"It is not only important, but, in a degree necessary, that the people of this country, should have an American Dictionary of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England, . . . yet some differences must exist. Language is the expression of ideas; and if the people of one country cannot preserve an identity of ideas, they cannot retain an identity of language. . . . But the principal differences between the people of this country and of all others, arise from different forms of government, different laws, institutions and customs. Thus the . . . feudal system of England originated terms which formed . . . a necessary part of the language of that country; but, in the United States, many of these terms are no part of our present language,—and they cannot be, for the things which they express do not exist in this country. . . . The institutions in this country which are new and peculiar, give rise to new terms or to new applications of old terms, unknown to the people of England; which cannot be explained by them and which will not be inserted in their dictionaries, unless copied from ours. . . . No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, and assembly, court, [etc.] for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country." Noah Webster, "Preface," An American Dictionary of the English Language, 1828 The historical concept of the American identity, as characterized in the excerpt, was most clearly distinguished from the identities of other nations by the
importance of liberal ideas about natural rights and liberties One of Webster's major points in creating an American dictionary was to establish a separate language that had new definitions for political institutions and new ways to express political ideas, particularly of natural rights and liberty.
In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American Technology was his
introduction of interchangeable parts
In Marbury v. Madison, the United Stated Supreme Court affirmed
its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments