AP classroom unit 4 part 1

An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the

enunciation of the doctrine of nullification

Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT

sale of federal lands to finance higher education. did: a tariff for the protection of industry, internal improvements at national government expense, greater reliance on domestic financial resources, increased trade among the sections of the nation

Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT

the right of nullification he did: Indian removal, the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States, annexation of new territory, and use of the presidential veto power

Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to

acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops

Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the United States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812?

An end to impressment

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States?

It disrupted American shipping.

Which of the following is true of John Marshall's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland?

It increased federal authority by invoking the doctrine of implied powers.

The map above shows the United States immediately following the

passage of the Missouri Compromise

Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that

political participation by the common man should be increased

The nullification crisis of 1832 arose over the issue of

protective tariffs

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans - we are all federalists," he meant that

the principles of American government were above party politics

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in

urban areas of the North

In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were

young unmarried women from rural New England

Many Americans were suspicious of the Second Bank of the United States for which of the following reasons?

They believed that it was controlled by a commercial elite.

Andrew Jackson vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the United States partly because he believed that the bank

concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people

The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because

the party in power stepped down after losing the election

Which of the following best explains the cause of the emergence of new political parties in the early nineteenth century?

Continued debates over the proper role of the federal government

"To the Commanders of armed vessels belonging to the United States: "WHEREAS it is declared by the act entitled 'An act for the protection of the commerce and seamen of the United States, against the Tripolitan cruisers,' That it shall be lawful fully to equip, officer, man, and employ such of the armed vessels of the United States, as may be judged requisite by the President of the United States, for protecting effectually the commerce and seamen thereof, on the Atlantic ocean, the Mediterranean and adjoining seas: and also, that it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to instruct the commanders of the respective public vessels, to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey [Sultan] of Tripoli [in North Africa], or to his subjects. "THEREFORE, And in pursuance of the said statute, you are hereby authorized and directed to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey of Tripoli, or to his subjects, and to bring or send the same into port, to be proceeded against and distributed according to law. "By command of the President of the United States of America." Thomas Jefferson, 1802 The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following?

The creation of the Monroe Doctrine

"A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. Entertaining this opinion, and deeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating [removing] these objections. I sincerely regret that in the act before me I can perceive none of those modifications of the bank charter which are necessary, in my opinion, to make it compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the Constitution of our country. . . . "Experience should teach us wisdom. Most of the difficulties our Government now encounters and most of the dangers which impend over our Union have sprung from an abandonment of the legitimate objects of Government by our national legislation. . . . Many of our rich men have not been content with equal protection and equal benefits, but have besought us to make them richer by act of Congress. By attempting to gratify their desires we have in the results of our legislation arrayed section against section, interest against interest, and man against man, in a fearful commotion which threatens to shake the foundations of our Union." President Andrew Jackson, Veto Message Regarding the Bank of the United States, 1832 Which of the following factors best supports the argument in the excerpt?

The debates over the federal government's proper role had intensified during the early nineteenth century. -The excerpt displays one of the primary political tensions between Democrats and Whigs over the role of the federal government in issues like the economy. As president and the leader of the Democrats, Jackson espoused a common man vision of the nation, one which corresponded to his support for everyday people against the "rich men" the bank might benefit.

The expansion of a market economy in the early nineteenth century is reflected in which of the following?

The improvement of transportation and availability of goods

"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832 Arguments similar to those expressed in the excerpt were later employed to justify which of the following?

The secession of most Southern states

Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 in reply to Senator Hayne is best remembered for its

defense of the principle of national union

A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was to

develop a national economy by improving transportation

A major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations

The rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in which of the following by 1848?

The emergence of a larger middle class in the North

Which of the following best explains the expansion of participatory democracy in the early nineteenth century?

The extension of suffrage rights to most adult White men

"The creation of a home market is not only necessary to procure for our agriculture a just reward of its labors, but it is indispensable to obtain a supply of our necessary wants. . . . Suppose no actual abandonment of farming, but, what is most likely, a gradual and imperceptible employment of population in the business of manufacturing, instead of being compelled to resort to agriculture. . . . Is any part of our common country likely to be injured by a transfer of the theatre of [manufacturing] for our own consumption from Europe to America? ". . . Suppose it were even true that Great Britain had abolished all restrictions upon trade, and allowed the freest introduction of the [products] of foreign labor, would that prove it unwise for us to adopt the protecting system? The object of protection is the establishment and perfection of the [manufacturing] arts. In England it, has accomplished its purpose, fulfilled its end. . . . The adoption of the restrictive system, on the part of the United States, by excluding the [products] of foreign labor, would extend the [purchasing] of American [products], unable, in the infancy and unprotected state of the arts, to sustain a competition with foreign fabrics. Let our arts breathe under the shade of protection; let them be perfected as they are in England, and [then] we shall be ready . . . to put aside protection, and enter upon the freest exchanges." Henry Clay, speaker of the House of Representatives, speech in Congress, 1824 The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s?

The political debates over economic development -In the excerpt from Clay's speech, he sought to convince his congressional colleagues to support his plan to encourage United States manufacturing, which could best be used by historians studying political debates over economic development.

The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to

prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory. did: end British claims for repayment of Loyalist debt, stop the British from searching and seizing American ships, appease members of Congress who advocated war, deal with conflicts between settlers and American Indians in the Northwest Territory

"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 One major change in United States politics from the 1820s to the mid-1850s was the

rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests