ap euro chapter 16

After the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War in 1648, the Holy Roman Empire was not really an empire at all but rather... what?

"300 little Germanies" The thirty years war produced 300 autonomous german states.

Fact Louis XIV restructured the administration of the French government by all of the following

-personally dominating the actions of his ministers and secretaries. -adding loyal followers from relatively new aristocratic families to the royal council. -making the court a main arena where rival aristocratic factions jockeyed for power. -using Versailles as a place where powerful subjects came to find favors and offices for themselves and their supporters.

T/F After eleven years of personal rule, Charles I was forced to call parliament into session in ____ because he was unable to defend England against a

1680, scottish rebellion

Fact Spain exerted the most influence on Italy by ... when?

18th century

The artistic movement Mannerism reached its peak with the work of

El Greco

Under whos orders was Albrect von Wallenstein assassinated

Emperor Ferdinand.

How did the thirty years war affect france?

France, Following the Thirty Years' War, became dominant in Europe

Fact Most of the fighting during the Thirty Years' War took place in

Germanic Lands of Holy Roman Empire

________ of England alienated most of the members of Parliament by insisting on his right to govern through divine right

James I

The first female painter admitted to the Guild of St. Luke in Haarlem and who painted what type of art?

Judith Leyster, Dutch Realism

Frederick William the Great Elector built Brandenburg-Prussia into a significant European power by making the General War Commissariat... what?

Levy taxes for the army and oversee its growth and training. Brandenburg Prussia soon evolved into an agency for civil government as well. making the General War Commissariat the bureaucratic machine of his state

The War of Spanish Succession ended with the

Peace of Utrecht and of Rastatt.

Among other things, the _________________ maintained that the King could pass no new tax without the consent of Parliament

Petition of Right

Jacques Bossuet's ______________ was the fundamental seventeenthcentury statement of divine-right monarchy.

Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Holy Scripture

Peter the Great: His program of Europeanization was predominantly technical and aimed at

Russia. He wanted to make Russia a great power

The "sleeping giant" of Eastern Europe in the first half of the seventeenth century was what

The ottoman empire

The patriotic enthusiasm and pride of the English during the Elizabethan era is best characterized by what

The plays of Shakespeare

John Locke was responsible for a political work called what

Two Treatises of Government

The "Glorious Revolution" in 1688 in England was significant for bloodlessly deposing James II in favor of

William of Orange

did famines + plague affect population during 17th century

Yes, Population during the seventeenth century continued to be affected by famines and plague so did war.

Russian society in the seventeenth century was characterized by

a highly oppressive system of serfdom.

The Fronde, an uprising in France that nearly overthrew Louis XIV early in his reign, was what

a revolt of the French nobility.

The witchcraft hysteria began to subside by the mid-seventeenth century for all of the following reasons

a tempering of religious passions in the wake of religious wars. the growing unwillingness of magistrates to accept the conditions generated by trials of witches. the stabilization of governments after a period of crisis. the questioning of traditional attitudes toward religion.

Define absolutism

absolutism means that ultimate authority rests solely in the hands of a king who rules by divine right.

Under the liberum veto, an act of the Polish Sejm could be vetoed by

any member of the Sejm.

The Habsburg emperor was many things:

archduke of Austria. king of Bohemia. king of Hungary.

What is the thirty years' war

began as a religious civil war between the Protestants and Roman Catholics in Germany that engaged the Austrian Habsburgs and the German princes. The war soon developed into a devastating struggle for the balance of power in Europe

What were the phases of the the thirty years war?

bohemian phase (1618-1625), Danish phase (1625-1629), Swedish phase (1630-1635), franco-swedish phase (1635-1648)

because of the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 German states were allowed to do what?

determine their religion

Louis XIV used his palace at Versailles to

dominate the nobility and display his grandeur

In the seventeenth century the prominence of the Dutch Republic as a great power was supported by what

economic prosperity, fueled by the role of the Dutch as carriers of the European trade.

The English Bill of Rights laid the foundation

for a constitutional monarchy.

The chief reason for the wars of Louis XIV was

his desire to insure the dominance of France in all Europe.

Peter the Great's ambition was to do what

make Russia a great power and reorganize the russian army

The Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn was noted for being

one of the great Protestant painters of the seventeenth century.

Under Charles II, Parliament passed the Test Act to stipulate that

only Anglicans could hold military and civil offices

The overall practical political purpose of the court of Versailles was to

reduce the independence of the high nobility and royal princes

Baroque art attempted to blend the feelings of the

religious reformations with classical Renaissance art

Fact Cardinal Richelieu understood that, in Louis XIV's France, the most important roadblock to building a strong monarchy was what?

resistance by the great nobles

Louis XIV's Edict of Fontainebleau revoked the earlier Edict of Nantes, What did that impose restriction on?

restricted the rights of French Protestants, and caused thousands of highly skilled Huguenots to flee the country

Thomas Hobbes stated that human nature was what

solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. SPNBS

Gian Lorenzo Bernini was the Baroque artist who completed Saint Peter's Basilica and what other work of art

the Ecstasy of Saint Theresa

In 1529 and again in 1683, Vienna was seriously threatened by who?

the Ottoman Empire

The incident that prompted the nobles to depose James II was

the birth of a son to his second wife, a Catholic

As Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu was most successful in strengthening what

the central role of the monarchy in domestic and foreign policy.

Peter Paul Rubens was the Baroque painter who used

violent motion, heavily fleshed nudes, and dramatic use of light and shadow, and rich sensuous pigments in his painting

Fact Gustavus Adolphus was king of Sweden until what happened. and led what armies in the thirty years war

who led the Lutheran armies in the Thirty Years' War until he was killed at Lützen,

The French playwright Moliére is noted for

writing producing and acting in a series of comedies that often satirized the religious and social world of his time