AP Euro Fall Semester Comprehension Practice Test
C
The Northern Renaissance differed from the Renaissance in Italy in that A: it lacked the strong financial foundation provided by the city-states of Italy B: it was less affected by the emergence of the printing press C: it placed a greater emphasis upon religious piety D: it drew more heavily on ancient Greek and Roman traditions E: it reflected less of a preoccupation with themes of death and disaster
D
The underlying goal of mercantilsm was to A: acquire colonies B: promote social welfare through increased economic activity C: gain access to raw materials D: maintain a favorable balance of trade in order to increase the country wealth E: pruse a policy of laissez faire in order to promote free trade
A
Which of the following political philosophers are correctly paired based upon the similarity of their views regarding political power? A: Hobbes and Voltaire B: Bodin and Montesquieu C: Quesnay and Rousseau D: Locke and Bossuet E: Paine and Burke
B
Which of the following sets of French Revolutionary phases is in correct chronological order (earliest to latest)? A: Directory, National Assembly, Legislative Assembly, Consulate, National Convention B: National Assembly, Legislative Assemby, National Convention, Directory, Consulate C: National Convention, National Assembly, Legislative Assembly, Directory, Consulate D: Legislative Assembly, National Convention, National Assembly, Consulate, Directory E: National Assembly, National Convention, Legislative Assembly, Directory, Consulate
B
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)? A: It allowed Spain to retain its outposts in Africa and Asia B: It divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal C: It brought temporary peace to the major Italian city-states D: It reducued papal influence in France E: It ended the religious wars between England and Spain
C
Which of the following statements is true regarding the outcome of he War of the Roses? A: english terrortorial holdings in france were lost B: anglicanism was proclaimed to the state religion C: the tudor dynasty came to the throne D: monasticism in england was abolished E: the kingdoms of england and scotland were unified
B
Which of the following was MOST important in advancing constitutionalism in Great Britatin in the eighteenth century? A: The strong leadership of the Hanoverian kings B: The emergence of the Cabinet system of government C: The development of a reformed judiciary D: The passage of the Act of Union E: The redistribution of seats in the House of Commons
C
all of the following are true about the star chamber courts of england except a; there were no juries b; the accused could not confront witnesses c; trials were public d; henry vii used them to control the nobility e; torture was used to obtain confessions
D
all of the following have been advanced as explanations for the coming of the french revolution except: a; the bourgeoise sought greater influence in government b; the inefficient and corrupt regime of louis xvi led to widespread frustration with the government c; the nobility of france sought to enhance its power d; a majority of the frenchmen sought to replace the monarchy with a republic e; the views of the philosophes weakened faith in traditional values and institutions
B
as a consequence of the english reformation, henry viii a; ended the catholic sacraments b; disbanded the monasteries c; brought moderate protestant influences into the church d; radically altered the religious doctrines of the church e; strengthened the auhtority of the pope over english chruches
D
as a consequence of the great northern war, peter the great A: destroyed the political influence of the "old belivers" B: drove the turks from the northern shores of the black sea C: extended russian holdings into central siberia D: gave russia a "window to the west" on the baltic sea E: destroyed the political influence of the streltski
B
during the renaissance, the most widely read book of manners for the wealthy was a; the prince by niccolo machiavelli b; the book of the courtier by baldassare castiglione c; gargantua and pantagruel by francois rabeleis d; the divine comedy by dante alighieri e; on the dignity of man by pico della mirandola
C
during the second half of the seventeenth century, the power of brandernburg-purissia was enhanced primarily through the efforts of a; ferdinand ii b; frederick i c; frederick william d; leopold i e; charles vi
C
during thethirty years war, the lutheran movement was saved from extinction by the military intervention of which of the following a; french king, henry iv b; english king, henry viii c; swedish king, gustavus adolphus d; austrian emperor, charles v e; spanish king, philip ii
C
elizabeth I attempted to reduce religious conflict in england through a compromise creed of faith known as the a; act of the six articles b; test act c; thirty nine articles d; toleration decree e; petition of right
C
ferdinand and isabella's nationalistic policies led to the expulsion from spain of large numbers of a; protestants b; catholics c; jews d; calvinists e; franciscans
D
in an essay concerning human understanding, john locke held that human knowledged was derived from a; heredity and faith b; conscience and emotion c; intuition and moral law d; environment and reason e; divine inspiratio and innate perception
C
in the foruteenth and fifteenth centuries, mystics such as thomas a kempis a; preached rebellion against the papacy b; stressed the importance of the sacraments c; laid the foundations for protestnatism's personal approcach to worship d; argues for the necessity of reforming the roman catholic church e; had a universal and popular appeal
B
in the seventeenth and early-eighteenth centuries, the typical european marriage was most often made by a; two young poeple in their teens b; two mature people, generally in their late twenties c; a girl in her teens and a yong man in his twenties d; two people in their early twenties e; a man in his forties and a girl in her teens
A
in which area did opportunities for upper-class women increase most during the italian renaissance? A: access to education B: influence on society's values C: ownership of property D: types of occupations held E: political power
B
italian renaissance art is most appropriately described as a; dramatic in action and emotion b; classically restrained and symmetrical c; spectacular and deliberately nonsymmetrical d; medieval in its ideals and execution e; symbolic and preoccupied with the afterlife
A
jean-jacques rousseau's concept of the ideal government was centered on a; the general will b; a strengthened monarchy c; a theocracy d; abolition of the government e; a utopia
A
johannes keple contribution to the scientific revolution was his a; presentation of a sound mathematical proof supporting ptolemy's geocentric theory b; demonstration that all the planets in the solar system move at a constant speed c; demonstration that the surface of the moon was not smooth d; proof through mathematics that the orbits of the planets are elliptical e; demonstration of the errors in the astronomical measurements of tycho brahe
B
martin luther's most fundamental theological idea was that A: salvation was to be found in good works B: it was by faith alone and God's grace that salvation could be achieved C: people had no scriptual obligation to obey secular rulers D: the sacraments od baptism and the eucharist were essential to obtaining God's grace E: a strict hierrchial church structure was needed to facilitate poeple's spiritual needs
A
prince henry the navigator of portugal was significant during the age of expoloration because he a; financed the exploration of the west coast of africa b; established colonies in bazil c; supported pizarro's expedition that ended with the conquest of the incas d; established an important trading post in goa e; was the first to discover the northwest passage to the pacific ocean
E
the achievements of the jacobins included all of the following excpet a; abolition of slavery in the french empire b; voting rights to all adult males c; adoption of the metric system d; decreeing fixed prices on essential goods while raising wages e; distribution all land in rural areas among the peasants
D
the british chartist movement of the nineteenth century drew much of its support from the a; nobility b; middle class c; small farmers d; workers e; factory owners
E
the central religious issue in england between 1534 and 1689 was the extent to which a; all christian sects would have the right to worship b; puritanism would be adoptd as the official faith in egland c; the anglican church would remin loyal to the roman catholic church d; jews would be given political and religious equality e; protestantism would remain the dominant force in te church of england
D
the defenestration of prague was a cause of which of the following wars a; war of the spanish succession b; hundred years war c; war of jenkins ear d; thirty years war e; war of austrian succession
D
the english navigation acts, the first of which was passed in 1651, were initially designed to a; encourage technological innovation that would further the cause of exploration b; establish regulations for safer travel aboard merchant ships c; charter trade companies to expand england's trade overseas d; prevent dutch trade with england's colonies e; permit english ships to violate the monopolistic practices of the spanish empire
A
the long-term consequence of the industrial revolution for the working class was to a; raise their standard of living b; increase the use of child labor c; reduce the influence of labor unions d; provide an easie means of entering the middle class e; increase the value of unskilled labor
B
the most pwoerful european ruler at the time of the protestant reformation was a; francis i b; charles v c; philip ii d; henry viii e; henry iv
A
the royal society of london is associated with which of the following? a; growing correspondence within the scientific community b; catholic tendencies of james II of england c; efforts to christianize native americans in the new world d; financing the establishment of colonial settlements in british north america e; financing commerical activities in the far east
B
the sixteenth-century religious wars that plagued france ended with the a; rise to power of louis xiv b; edict of nantes c; st.bartholomews day massacre d; treaty of cateau cambresis e; peace of augsburg
C
the victims of the st.bartholomews day massacre were a; dutch nobility b; german peasants c; french calvinists d; spanish catholics e; english puritans
B
whcih of the following was a resuly of the civil constitution of the clergy during the french revolution a;the clergy was given a privileged position in the estates general b; the church was made a department of the french state c; the clergy was allowed to marry d; the new doctrine of the french church was based on protestantism e; the church was made completely independent from the state
C
which of the following best characterizes edmund burke's reflections on the revolution in france a; it condemned the french revolution as a source of radical ideas later used in the american revolution b; it praised the french revolution as a sincere attempt to spread liberty and promote equality c; it condemned the violnece and anarchy of the french revolution d; it praised the french revolution and condemned the american revolution e; it assaulted the legitimacy of the old regime
B
which of the following best characterizes the table of ranks during reign of peter the gret a; it seperated the russian population into distinct classes b; it set educational and performance levelsfor civil servants c; it required the nobility to serve in the russian army d; it legalized serfdom e; it established a russian parliament
E
which of the following statements is true regarding the treaty of paris a; it resulted in the political nd economic collapse of britian b; it elevated france as the greatest power in the world c; it ended the expansionist wars of louis xiv and restored peace to europe d; it amrked the beginning of the dcline of the spanish empire as a first rate power e; it removed france from north america
D
which of the following statements regarding cathering the great is correct? a; she introduced reforms easing the burden on the serfs b; she inherited the throne from her father peter the great c; she increased the use of torture against dissidents d; she extended russia's terrortorial holdings at the expense of the black sea region e; she reduced the power of the nobility
E
which of the following was known as the "prince of the humanists", and in such works as in praise of folly, criticized the clergy and abuses that he saw in the christian church? a; jacques lefevre d'etaples b; thomas more c; rableis d; pico della mirandola e; desiderius erasmus
C
which of the following was most important in causing the price revolution in the sixteenth century a; the establishment of monopolies b; the importation of new world silver and gold into the european economy c; the growth in europe's popuation d; the wars of religion caused by the reformation e; the emergence of the dutch economy
B
which one of the following best characterizes the relationship between the commercial revolution and the italian renaissance a; the commercial revolution made patronage of florentine artists possible b; the commercial revolution was a result of the italian renaissance c; the new merchant class of the commercial revolution was more interested in the secular world and less interested in religion d; the religious piety of the italian renaissance was exported to africa and asia e; the commercial revolution enriched italian farmers
B
which one of the following statements best explains the political and military decline of poland by the late-eighteenth century a; lack of parliamentary and judicial systems b; difficulty of achieving political consensus due to the liberum veto c; devastation of the population due to religious wars d; sharp economic decline due to failed harvests and widespread famine e; aristocratic opposition to the excessive power and ruthlessness of the polish monarchy
B
all of the following were preconditions for the industrial revolution except a; adequare road and river systems b; a strong guild system c; an adequate supply of raw material such as coal and iron ore d; a spirit of entrepreneurship e; sources of capital to build factories
A
"ecrasez l'infame," voltaire's slogan of "cursh the infamous thing," called for the suppression of a; the church b; immorality c; the french monarchy d; censorshi e; french universities
E
The fourteenth-century English reformer whose views were embodied in the Lollard movement was: A: John Hus B: Thomas Cranmer C: Marsiglio de Padua D: Thomas Aquinas E: John Wyclif
B
hohenzollern authority in ruling prussia depended on the cooperation and support of the a; bankers b; junkers c; courts d; peasantry e; intellectuals
E
All of the following statements regarding the English Bill of Rights are true EXCEPT: A: It established a constituional monarchy B: It forbade a standing army without Parliament's approval C: It guaranteed habeas corpus D: It established Parliament's control over taxation E: It officially established the kingdom of Great Britatin
A
Baroque ideas and values were embodied most profoundly in the work of A: Gianlorenze Bernini B: Giorgio Vasari C: Titian D: El Greco E: Jan Vermeer
B
"...it is, then, much safer to be feared than to be loved...for touching human nature, we may say in general that men are untruthful, unconstant, dissemblers, they avoid dangers and are covetus of gain. While you do them good, they are wholly ours... but when (danger) approaches, they revolt." The above quotation is attributed to which of the followin? A: Lorenzo Valla B: Niccolo Machiavelli C: Cesare Borgia D: Cardinal Richelieu E: Girolamo Savonarola
C
Which of the following statements is true regarding the Peace of Augsburg (1555)? A: Calvinism was officially recognized as a viable religion withing the Holy Roman Empire B: It failed to achieve peace in the German states during the remainder of the sixteenth century C: German princes were allowed to determine whether their states would be Catholic or Lutheran D: Switzerland gaines its independence from the Holy Roman Empire E: The Hapsburg-Valois Wars were officially ended
B
john locke's two treatises on civil government approved of revolution provided that a; the revolution was not violent b; the government had violated property rights c; the equality of economic wealth had not been achieved d; the government had not held elections e; the legitimacy of the monarchy was in question
C
which of the following figures provided the foundation upon which puritanism was based? a; martin luther b; philip melanchton c; john calvin d; william tyndale e; michael servetus
E
which of the following monarchs institued the larget number of enlightened reforms a; catherine the great b; louis xv c; maria theresa d; frederick the great e; joseph ii
D
which of the following statements concerning the protestant reformation is true? a; it rejected many aspects of early christianity b; it weakened nationalisic feelingsw c; it strengthened the power of secular rulers d; it resulted in the first christian missionaries seeking converts in the far east e; it weakened the hold of spiritual beliefs on the minds of europeans
D
which of the following statements is true concerning philip ii of spain a; he championed religios toleration of spansih jews and muslims b; he granted independence to the spanish netherlands c; he established an alliance with england against the dutch revolt d; he dedicated his reign to establishing catholic orthodoxy in europe e; he suffered a naval defeated by the ottoman empire at lepanto
D
which of the following statements regarding deism is NOT correct? a; it rejected a literal interpretation of the bible and the divinity of jesus b; it argued that God does not intervene in the day-to-day affairs of poeple c; it argues that God created the universe and is therefore the source of the physical laws of nature d; it argued that revelation and faith were important in understanding God's laws e; it argued that the individual had the freedom and rational ability to determine what is good and evil and to choose between them
B
which of these statements expresses a fundamental difference between the philosophies of rene descares and francis bacon in the seventeenth century? a; bacon's philosophy appealed to middle class while descartes favored the nobility b; descartes emphasized deductive reasoning and was therefore less bound to observation c; bacon refuted the concept of inductive logic and was more bound to christian dogma d; descartes philosophy left no room for the consideration of the existence of God e; bacon believed that absolute standards of good and evil did not exist
D
which school of thought it most closely associated with the late-sixteenth-century writer, michel de montaigne a; religious dogmatism b; rationalism c; scholasticism d; skepticism e; neoplationism
C
The advances into central Europe by the Ottoman Empire during the late-seventeenth entury were pushed back by: A: Louis XIV B: Ferdinand II C: Leopold I D: Charles V E: Maria Theresa
B
The asiento, granted to great britain in the peace of utrecht (1713), gave it A: possession of gibraltar B: control over the african slave trade in the spain's new world colonies C: the right to unlimited trade in the spanish islands of the caribbean D: access to the east indian spice trade E: control of spanish florida
B
The specific abuse that Luther addressed in his "Ninety-Five Theses" was A: simony B: the sale of indulgences C: clerical marriage D: absenteeism E: nepotism
D
all of the following are true of the agricultral revolution in seventeenth and eighteenth century europe except a; the amount of land under cultivation increased b; the enclosure of common lands caused significant demographis shifts c; some seed planting was done with machanical drills d; stea powered plows greatly increased yields e; the planting of clover and peas increased soil fertility
B
all of the following statements about cardinal richelieu are true except that he a; sougt to weaken the power of the nobility b; waged war on the french jansenists c; deprived the huguenots of their religious rights d; supported the german protestants in their struggle with the hapsburgs e; instituted the intendant system
B
all of the following were important aspects of the catholic reformation except a; the index of prohibited books b; the augsburg confessions c; the italian inquisition d; the council of trent e; the society of jesuit
C
as a result of the tennis court oath, representatives of the third estate swore to a; overthrow louis xvi b; establish a republic c; draft a constitution for france d; break the ties between the french church and the papacy e; end feudalism
A
galileo's persecution by the catholic church was largely brought about by his support of which of the following? a; nicholas copernicus b; johannes kepler c; william harvey d; tycho brahe e; issac newton
C
jean-baptiste colbert did all of the following to promote the french economy except a; build a large merchant fleet b; build new roads and canals c; enact protective tariffs and tolls within france's borders d; provide state support to dometic industries e; destory the remnants of power held by the craft guilds
C
napoleon bonaparte's continental system had as its goal a; the creation of a unified germany b; the placement of his family members on the throne of various european countries c; the defeat of britain through economic warfare d; a military alliance of various french-dominated states to wage war on russia e;the creation of a militaty force drawn from many eurpean states to undertake the conquest of north america
C
the enclosure movement of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries a; sought to unify all christians in one church b; sought to group factories closely together for maximum efficiency c; fenced in public land for private use d; banned trade with non-european nations e; banned emigration from europe to north america
E
the portuguese explorer vasco de gama was the first european to a; circumnavigate the flobe b; reach the southernmost tip of africa c; establish missionary activity in asia d; touch upon the coast of brazil e; find an all-water route to india
B
the primary cause of the large increase in the population of europe in the eighteenth was a; better medical care b; increases in the food supply c; immigration from the new world d; government policies encouraging a high birth rate e; increased urbanization
C
the pugachev rebellion threatened the monarchy of a; frederick the great b; alexander i c; catherine the great d; peter the great e; ivan iv
C
viscount charles townshend's contribution to the agricultual revolution in england was a; inventing the seed drill b; introcusing enclosure of public lands c; introducing turnips as a part of crop rotation d; experimenting with selective breeding of cattle e; publicizing the agricultural improvements made by others
C
which of the following statements is true concerning the sans culottes during the french revolution? a; they were impoverished peasants b; they were urban and village priests c; they were urban working class and small-scale merchants d; they were nobles forced to flee to flee to neighboring countries e; they were members of the bourgeoise
C
which of the following statements regarding the colloquy of marburg in 1529 is correct a; it was an attempt by the catholic church to develop a strategy to combat the protestant movement b; it was a meeting whch declared luther to be an outlaw throughout the holy roman empire c; it was a debate between luther and zwingli which resulted in a fomal split within protestantism d; it was an attempt by charles v to reconcle luther to the catholic church e; it was the primary reason for the fall of thomas wolsey as chancellor of england
E
which of the following was MOST important in advocating for "divine right" of kings under louis xiv? a; cardinal richelieu b; jean bodin c; thomas hobbes d; denis diderot e; bishop bossuet
A
which of the following was the first woman in modern european history to advocate more oppurtunities and influence for women a; christine de pisan b; isabelle d'este c; mary tudor d; artemisis gentileschi e; angels merici
A
which was NOT true of italian city-states during the renaissance? a; governments routinely promoted the movement for italian unification b; their ruling elite shared an interest in roman antiquity c; the economy tended to be centered in rural areas compared to countried in norther europe d; rulers undertook massive building programs to flaunt their wealth and power e; they denied political rights to all but a small percentage
