AP Euro Unit III
* 20. France's strong economy was created by the mercantilist policies of
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
* 21. The Glorious Revolution and the concept representative government found its best defense in the Second Treatise of Civil Government by
John Locke
* 9. How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history?
Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end
* 38. Which of the following describes the enclosure movement of the eighteenth century?
The land was divided into plots bounded by fences to farm more effectively
* 30. What was the core concept of the enlightenment?
The methods of natural science should be used to examine all aspects of life
* 47. From 1701 to 1763, what was at stake in the wars between Great Britain and France?
The position as Europe's leading maritime power, with the ability to claim profits from Europe's overseas expansion.
* 46. At the center of Adam Smith's arguments in The Wealth of Nations was the belief that
The pursuit of self-interest in competitive markets would improve the living conditions of citizens
* 18. Which of the following characterizes the English Revolution of 1688?
The revolution did not constitute a democratic revolution since sovereignty was placed in the parliament, which only represented the upper classes.
43. What was a competitive advantage of the rural putting-out system?
The rural poor worked for low wages
* 33. Voltaire was a deist who viewed God as akim to a
clockmaker who set the universe in motion and then ceased to intervene in human affairs
* 55. Wealthy Spanish landlords kept indigenous workers on their estates through a system of
debt peonage in which landowners advanced food, shelter, and some money, in this way keeping the workers in perpetual debt
* 12. Mercantilist theory postulated that
economic activity should be regulated by and for the state
* 28. In his essay Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke claimed that
human development is determined by evolution and society
* 31. How did enlightenment thinkers differ from those of the Middle Ages and Renaissance?
Enlightenment thinkers believed that their era had surpassed antiquity, which demonstrated the possibility of human progress
* 11. How did Cardinal Richelieu increase the power of the centralized French State?
He extended the use of intendants, commisioners for each of France's 32 districts.
* 25. How did governments respond to the new science?
They established academies of science to support and sometimes direct scientific research
* 13. The primary cause of the English Glorious Revolution was
a fear of the establishment of Catholic absolutism by James II
* 17. Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate was ultimately a
military dictatorship
* 45. The industrious revolution was a result of
poor families choosing to reduce leisure time and the production of goods for household consumption in order to earn wages to buy consumer goods.
44. The spinning of thread for the loom
required the work of several spinners for each loom, which led merchants to employ the wives and daughters of agricultural workers at terribly low wages
* 24. What was the primary goal of Galileo Galilei's experimental method?
to discover what actually occurred in nature other than speculate on what should occur
* 53. Christianity in colonial societies in the Americas
took on distinctive characteristics through a complex process of cultural exchange that made Christianity more comprehensible to indigenous peoples
* 40. Which of the following correctly characterizes the transformation of the English and Scottish countryside in the enclosure era?
The elimination of common rights and access to land turned small peasant farmers into landless wage earners.
