AP GOV CH 3

How would an advocate of dual federalism view the powers of the national government? A proponent would believe they should be interpreted ________. narrowly broadly on a case-by-case basis by jurisdiction ambiguously

narrowly

In terms of its intended purpose only, a block grant most closely resembles a ________, whereas a categorical grant most closely resembles a ________. mortgage; car loan personal loan; mortgage car loan; personal loan car loan; mortgage mortgage; personal loan

personal loan; mortgage

The legal source of authority for American federalism is the ________. Mayflower Compact individual state constitutions U.S. Constitution Declaration of Independence Magna Carta

U.S. Constitution

The United States began as a confederation under the Articles of Confederation. Confederations put all or most of the power in the components. The organization most like this would be the ________. European Union World Trade Organization North Atlantic Treaty Organization United Nations World Court

United Nations

Delegated or enumerated powers are described in the U.S. Constitution as powers ________. given to all the people belonging to the national government given to certain groups of private individuals denied to all levels of government belonging to the states

belonging to the national government

The federal government of the United States was able to expand its economic power through taxation and a broad interpretation of the ________. Connecticut Compromise commerce clause supremacy clause separate but equal doctrine enumerated powers

commerce clause

The attempt to return many functions of the federal government to the state level has been called a(n)________. return to separation of powers evolution revolution devolution contract with America return to state control

devolution

Congress's so-called "implied powers" are directly derived from ________. habit legal precedent the Constitution enumerated powers tradition

enumerated powers

________ grants are targeted for specific purposes. Grant-in-aid Categorical Block Project Formula

Categorical

Why is the Tenth Amendment unique to the United States? No other country ________. gives unassigned powers to the federal government as opposed to its member states gives unassigned powers to the states as opposed to the federal government has unassigned powers has a constitution as vague on what the national government can do as that of the United States has a constitution with as few amendments

gives unassigned powers to the states as opposed to the federal government

The Fourteenth Amendment declares that no ________ shall "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." state member of the federal government legislature citizen foreign government

state

Since repealed, Hawaii had granted same-sex marriage based upon ________. Congress responded with the Defense of Marriage Act which relied upon ________ for enforcement. the previously practiced cooperative federalism; the full faith and credit clause the full faith and credit clause in the Constitution; the supremacy clause Sáenz v. Roe; the full faith and credit clause privatization; the supremacy clause the Bill of Rights; the Eighth Amendment

the full faith and credit clause in the Constitution; the supremacy clause

The Supreme Court invalidated a provision of the Brady Handgun Violence Protection Act because ________ and Congress was not allowed to govern on this issue. the law was vague in its stated purpose, and the potential for abuse of the law was too great the law commanded local law enforcement officers to conduct background checks on gun purchasers it required local law enforcement officers to collect applications from people purchasing a gun the law suggested that criminal history was a basis for denying a gun permit the act permitted local law enforcement officers to waive background checks on gun purchasers

the law commanded local law enforcement officers to conduct background checks on gun purchasers

To affirm Congress's constitutional authority to take actions not explicitly enumerated among its powers, the Supreme Court relied upon ________ in McCulloch v. Maryland. dual federalism creative federalism the interstate commerce clause the necessary and proper clause the federal supremacy clause

the necessary and proper clause

A constitutional doctrine states that whenever conflict occurs between the constitutionally authorized actions of the national government and those of a state or local government, the laws of the federal government prevail. This doctrine is called ________. the supremacy clause preemption reserve powers shared powers a federal mandate

the supremacy clause

The majority of nations around the world today have chosen the ________ system of government. oligarchic bicameral unitary confederate federal

unitary

Unlike the United States, the political system of France can most accurately be described as ________. unitary confederate localized centralized federal federal

unitary

Grants-in-aid give states and local government ________ to ________. more money than other grants; pay back student loans revenue from federal taxes; offset the burden of paying for services revenue from federal taxes; cover Medicaid and Medicare narrow categories for spending; offset the burden of paying for services less money than other grants; cover Medicare and welfare services

revenue from federal taxes; offset the burden of paying for services

In 1929, the national government spent an average of 2.5 percent of the size of the economy or gross domestic product (GDP). In 2009, because of the economy, that percentage rose to ________ percent of the GDP. 25 20 10 30 4

25

What was one of the major arguments in favor of devolution? Americans during the Great Depression no longer believed that the government in Washington could manage the entire nation. A large portion of Americans said that they wanted state governments to do less and the national government to take over most of the states' roles. The Articles of Confederation could not control the country, so they needed to be reviewed and rewritten. A substantial majority of Americans believed that state governments were more effective and more trustworthy than the national government. The Civil War Amendments were not strong enough, so the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was created to replace them.

A substantial majority of Americans believed that state governments were more effective and more trustworthy than the national government.

Which of the following is an example of an enumerated or delegated power found in the Constitution? Charter banks and corporations Spending money for the general welfare Making and enforcing laws Borrowing money Establishing a post office

Establishing a post office

________ are awarded on the basis of competitive applications rather than by a specific formula. Formula grants Block grants Project grants Grants-in-aid Categorical grants

Project grants

Supreme Court decisions redefined contemporary federalism in the mid-1990s and put new life into which two amendments? The Sixteenth and Seventeenth The Thirteenth and Fourteenth The Eleventh and Fourteenth The Tenth and Eleventh The Tenth and Fifteenth

The Tenth and Eleventh

Which of the following is a provision in the Constitution which regulates relations among the states? The disclosure clause The full faith and credit clause Checks and balances The necessary and proper clause Separation of powers

The full faith and credit clause

Which of the following empowers and creates local governments? Congress The U.S. Constitution Special legislative districts Local citizens The state governments

The state governments

Which of the following clauses declares the U.S. Constitution, treaties, and laws of the national government the "supreme law of the land"? The supremacy clause The necessary and proper clause The privileges and immunities clause The implied powers clause The full faith and credit clause

The supremacy clause

An example of cooperative federalism is ________. a public policy created by the federal government and imposed on a city a public policy program that is funded, administered, and determined by the national government a public policy program jointly funded, administered, and determined by both the national government and a state government a public policy program that is funded, administered, and determined by a state government a public policy program funded by the national government and administered by a state government

a public policy program jointly funded, administered, and determined by both the national government and a state government

In the 1950s and 1960s, the argument for states' rights was usually made by those opposing the national government's efforts on the issue of ________. abortion rights the Korean War civil rights for African-Americans the interstate highway system the Vietnam War

civil rights for African-Americans

In the 1950s and 1960s, the argument for states' rights was usually made by those opposing the national government's efforts on the issue of ________. the interstate highway system the Vietnam War abortion rights civil rights for African-Americans the Korean War

civil rights for African-Americans

American federalism can be seen as a response to the ________. strength of the state governments under the Articles of Confederation popularity of the British federal system in the colonies concerns about the potential abuses by a strong central government weakness of state governments under the Articles of Confederation desire of the Founders to establish a system of government responsive to the will of the people

concerns about the potential abuses by a strong central government

If a state worked with a national government agency to solve a problem with large implications, such as a failing energy grid, it could be said that the problem is being solved through ________. joint governance devolution dual federalism cooperative federalism public-private partnership

cooperative federalism

The largest category of federal expenditures is in the area of ________. economic security defense homeland security health education

economic security

Which of the following choices best describes the role of the Supreme Court's 1819 decision in American government? It ________. sought to narrow the range of Congressional regulation done under the auspices of the commerce clause sought to strike back federal influence in the national economy radically reduced the power of states and greatly increased the power accorded to the people in the federal system helped to define the constitutional relationship between state and national power, and also created an ongoing role for the Supreme Court in federalism emphasized the authority of the states to make laws "necessary to their well-being and prosperity"

helped to define the constitutional relationship between state and national power, and also created an ongoing role for the Supreme Court in federalism

Federalism keeps government closer to the people by ________. providing for the needs of a diverse people spread out across a continent who are suspicious of concentrated power, but desirous of unity dividing power among different levels of government providing numerous arenas for decision making and engaging many people in the process of government promoting freedom and checking the growth of tyranny not requiring direct accountability in cases where policy implementation results in a negative outcome

providing numerous arenas for decision making and engaging many people in the process of government

There are various types of federal grants; each is structured differently, but all serve the purpose of ________. establishing minimum national standards targeting national problems yet minimizing the growth of federal agencies equalizing resources among the states by leveling a fiscal playing field supplying state and local governments with unrestricted revenue promoting the national agenda of the political parties

targeting national problems yet minimizing the growth of federal agencies

In the Printz v. United States and Mack v. United States decisions, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress could not claim ________ as justification for gun control restrictions. the elastic clause supremacy of the national government over the states the full faith and credit clause judicial review the commerce clause

the commerce clause

In the Printz v. United States and Mack v. United States decisions, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress could not claim ________ as justification for gun control restrictions. the full faith and credit clause the commerce clause supremacy of the national government over the states judicial review the elastic clause

the commerce clause

Together the states are sometimes referred to as a national laboratory. This refers to ________. the competitive grants to the states for addressing major scientific and technological problems the danger of political reform driven by the national government the electoral system established under the Constitution the fact that, working independently, the states have a high likelihood of developing innovative solutions the fact that the multilayered government structure in the U.S. represents a system that allows for a consensus of domestic affairs among the separate governing units

the fact that, working independently, the states have a high likelihood of developing innovative solutions