AP Gov - Test Questions: Chapter 7
Women were granted universal suffrage in
1920
This amendment grants women's suffrage
19th Amendment
This Amendment lowers the voting age to 18
26th Amendment
The typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions to feature the signatures of _________ of the number of registered voters in a state.
5 - 10%
Citizen mobilization to stop construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the _________ phenomenon.
NIMBY
Is this an example of unconventional participation Tim McVeigh's 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma
No
Timothy McVeigh bombed the Oklahoma City federal building because he believe that the
US government had become a police state
The country with the lowest voter turnout among eligible voters in congressional elections
United States
The first country to provide for the general election of representative through mass suffrage
United States
Political scientists know less about unconventional forms of political participation because they are biased toward _____ and it is easier to collect data on ___________
institutionalized politics conventional practices.
Americans contributing money to a candidate's campaign is best defined as a form of
influencing behavior.
Most referenda are place on the ballot by
legislatures
Education affects voter turnout because well educated people are ___________ to vote than are ___________
more likely less-educated people
One criterion that must be met for a country to be democratic is that it must have
more than one political party
Researchers have found that political apathy is _________ in the United States compared to almost all other nations.
much lower
A practical test of whether or not a government is democratic is whether citizens can affect its
policies by acting through its institutions
The text defines __________ as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics.
political participation
In Smith v. Allwright, the Supreme Court found _________ is unconstitutional.
preventing African Americans from voting in primary elections
_________ is the great equalizer,..." with respect to political participation
protest
A preliminary election to choose party candidates
direct primary
The purpose of the literacy tests that were used in the southern states after 1870 was to
discourage African Americas from voting
The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to
education, income, and occupation
The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of those
with greater resources
The text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to
vote
This Amendment to the Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
15th Amendment
If voter turnout was computed on the basis of registered voters, about ________ of Americans vote.
80%
Psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if more _________
Americans believe that the government is responsive
Unconventional political participation involving assembling crowds to confront businesses and local governments
Direct Action
if the criterion is ___________, America has the best and most democratic government in the world.
Number of elections held
In the 1850s, this qualifications for voting was eliminated in all the states
Ownership of Property
The ability of groups to make government respond to their special problems is best described as part of ________ theory.
Pluralist
This group of people championed the direct primary
Progressives
political action that expresses allegiance to country and government.
Supportive Behavior
The first known act of unconventional participation
The Boston Tea Party
The framers of the Constitution left the issue of voter enfranchisement to
The States
The effect of the 26th Amendment (which lowered the voting age to 18) was
a reduction in the national voter turnout rate
Women compared to men, and blacks compared to whites, tend to have political participation rates today that are
about the same
Compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the United States was
among the first
In general today, women politically participate
at about the same rate as men
The majoritarian model of democracy favors
better educated , wealthier citizens
One recent criticism of referenda and initiatives is that they create an expensive industry designed around ________ and _______
circulating petitions spending millions
A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances
class action lawsuit
Of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, _________ is the strongest single factor.
education
A 2013 supreme court decision regarding the Voting Rights Act allowed numerous states to
enforce new voter identification laws
Voting in the United States decreased during the 1970s and 1980s. Other forms of participation
increased or remained stable
Although terrorism is an unconventional political action, it is generally not counted as unconventional political participation because terrorist do not seek to
influence government but to destroy it
Americans are less likely to __________ than citizens of other countries.
join demonstrations
In 2012 and 2013, voters approved a number of ballot propositions, including ones in Colorado and Washington that
legalized marijuana
majoritarianism tends to
limit individual freedom
Characteristics frequently associated with nonvoters are
low education, low income, and being relatively young
In Oregon, everyone votes by
Americans were __________ politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952.
neither more nor less
Studies of Americans who engage in "contacting behavior" like complaining to city hall find they are ________ to vote than other Americans
not more likely
Someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain
order
Elections, as an institutional mechanism, bolster the
power and authority of the state
violent unconventional political participation is
sometimes worth the risk
The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of
successful unconventional political participation
By law, the U.S. presidential election occurs
the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
In nearly every other democratic country, the burden of registration is placed on
the government
To maintain order, the government has a stake in converting ________ to ______ whenever possible
unconventional participation into conventional participation