AP GOV Unit 3

7. Which of the following constitutional provisions would someone opposing the perspective from the passage use to support their opinion

A) The 1st Amendment

FRQ 1: SCOTUS COMPARISON

A) The focus in both Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) and Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. Hialeah (1993) is the First Amendment's Free Exercise Clause. B) Similar holdings in both cases occurred because they protected religious freedom against government interference, as guaranteed by the First Amendment. C) Hialeah, Florida, abided by the Supreme Court's decision because it invalidated the ordinances as unconstitutional, obliging the government to respect religious freedom despite local opposition.

FRO 2: ARGUMENT ESSAY

Social movements are the most effective means for changing federal policy in civil rights. The Civil Rights Movement, as seen in "Letter from a Birmingham Jail," used nonviolent protests to push for change, leading to laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The First Amendment supports this by allowing the right to assemble and petition for grievances. While legal challenges and changes to enforcement are important, social movements have the power to mobilize mass support and bring about swift change.

21. Which of the following constitutional provisions limits the power of the federal government to collect digital metadata?

a) 4th amendment

23. Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Civil Liberties and Civil Rights?

a) Freedom of religion , Right to bear arms

28. Which of the following was the state defense in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?

a) Offering public defenders to all criminals is an unreasonable financial burden on the state.

2. Which of the following best explains the trend of executions in the U.S. according to the data in the line graph above?

a) Popular opinion has increasingly opposed the death penalty.

22. Based on previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the exclusionary rule upheld by the Fourth Amendment?

a) The electric chair is used to carry out the death penalty of a convicted murderer.

1. Which of the following statements is reflected in the data in the chart?

b) At the current rate, it is likely that there will be zero executions by 2020.

20. Which of the following constitutional clauses was most relevant to the right to privacy?

b) Free exercise clause

16. Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to the topic of the cartoon?

b) McDonald v. Chicago

8. The arrest in Schenck v. United States (1919) was carried out under which of the following laws?

b) The Espionage Act

18. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the doctrine of selective incorporation?

b) The Second Amendment protects individual rights from state laws as well as federal laws.

3. During an investigation, police officers find illegal drugs while searching a home for which they did not acquire a warrant. Which of the following would prevent the drugs from being used as evidence at trial?

b) The exclusionary rule

25. The police searched a suspect's smartphone without getting a warrant and found photo evidence of criminal activity. After a thorough investigation, the suspect was charged and the evidence obtained from the smartphone was used in the trial. Which of the following amendments contains the Bill of Rights protections that were most likely violated in this scenario?

b) the fourth amendment

12. Based on the text, which of the following Constitutional Amendments would the author claim is the most relevant?

c) 5th amendment

4. Based on previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

c) A federal court refuses to provide a lawyer for a defendant who cannot afford one.

13. Which of the following illustrates a situation that would not be protected by the First Amendment due to time, place, and manner restrictions?

c) Antibusiness protestors are arrested and prosecuted for shutting down major intersections in New York City'sTimes Square during rush hour.

5. Which of the following statements is most consistent with the author's reporting in the passage?

c) Bipartisan support is the only way to stop terrorism, whether violent or technology based, in this day and age.

11. Which of the following Supreme Court Cases is most closely related to the authors' statement?

c) Gideon v. Wainwright

9. Based on the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which of the following scenarios would most likely occur as a direct result of the passage of this bill?

c) Many districts began to allow mail-in ballots to make it easier for people to vote.

15. Which of the following best describes the message in the political cartoon?

c) The 2nd Amendment was nearly excluded from the Bill of Rights by the Founding Fathers.

17. The Washington Post receives a top secret report that details how the executive branch mishandled a deal made with a foreign nation regarding nuclear weapons. The executive branch attempts to stop the publishing of the report, but the publishers cite the precedent in New York Times Company v. United States (1971) establishing which of the following legal rules?

c) The heavy presumption against prior restraint

26. Which of the following is contained in the 14th Amendment and was likely an inspiration for Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"?

c) The principle that all people should be equal under the law, as embodied in the equal protection Clause.

10. Which of the following statements is most consistent with the author's argument in the passage?

c) While the Miranda rule is designed protect the accused from unwanted interrogation, many people forego this right.

14. The clause of the United States Constitution that was used in the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) was

d) The equal protection clause

27. Which of the following was a rationale utilized in Engel v. Vitale (1962)?

d) The public and collective prayer was an invasion of student privacy for their individual practice of their beliefs.

6. Someone opposing the perspective of the politicians cited above would most likely use which of the following cases to support their viewpoint?

d) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District

24. Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the impacts on individual freedom and public safety?

d) USA Freedom Act, Patriot Act

19. Which of the following actions by the public school students would most likely be protected symbolic speech based on the precedent established by Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)?

d) Wearing t-shirts objecting to Congress' lack of response to school shootings