AP Government Retake

Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?

Participatory democracy does not work in large countries

Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?

A government is only just if citizens have a voice in it

In _____ federalism, the powers and policy assignments of different levels of government are like a marble cake, with mingles responsibilities and blurred distinctions between layers of government.

Cooperative

Why have there been relatively few constitutional amendments?

A Constitution Amendment Bill requires more than a simple majority to be ratified

At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from larger states argued that each state's representation in the legislature should be proportional to its population. Smaller states argued that each state should have equal representation, regardless of population. The disagreement over representation threatened to derail the ratification of the United States Constitution. Which statement accurately describes the compromise that led to both sides reaching agreement?

A bicameral legislature with an upper house representing each state equally and a lower house representation proportional to each state's population

In 1974, Congress created a program that grants money to state and local governments to help revitalize low-income communities. State and local governments can decide how best to use their money and used it to rebuild streets, fund libraries, and fix drinking water systems. This is an example of which of the following types of federal aid?

Block grants

In 1972, the federal government established the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). Recipients of air must be women who are pregnant or breastfeeding or children under the age of 5 whose family income falls below 185% of the federal poverty line. This is an example of which of the following types of federal aid?

Categorical grants

A president issues an executive order banning newspapers from printing articles critical of the US government. The Supreme Court declares the executive order unconstitutional because it violates the First Amendment right to freedom of the press. This is an example of which of the following principles of US government?

Checks and balances

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two court cases?

Comparison B

Which of the following statements best summarizes the decision in United States V. Lopez (1995)?

Congress cannot use the commerce clause to regulate the possession of firearms in public schools

The necessary and proper clause is best defined as which of the following?

Congress has the power to carry out its enumerated powers

Which of the following scenarios would violate the Tenth Amendment?

Congress passing a law raising the minimum driving age to 21

The government of Maryland is considering increasing its welfare benefits significantly. Which of the following describes a difficulty that the state government may face in the policy implementation process?

Due to the "privileges and immunities" clause of Article IV, proper citizens of other states might move to Maryland in order to take advantage of the benefits

During the 1980s, members of the Republican Party advocated for devolution (transferring responsibilities for programs from the federal government to state and local governments) Which of the following describes a difficulty Congress might face in implementing devolution?

Due to the concurrent powers of state and national government, many programs are administrated by both state and federal agencies

The literal listing of powers possessed by Congress in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution are commonly known as?:

Enumerated powers

Which of the following statements most accurately describes federalism?

Federalism is a division and sharing of powers between national and regional government

The central issue in the framing of the U.S.s Constitution was

How strong to make the national government

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires states and local governments provide equal access for the disabled, as stipulated by the federal government. This is an example of the federal government's power to issue a(n):

Mandate

According to Table 3.1, this program represented the largest federal grant to state and local governments for fiscal year 2014?

Medicaid

Which of the following actions by the federal government would most likely be considered an implied power based on the precedent established by McCulloch v Maryland (1819)?

Outlawing the recreational use of marijuana

Which of the following models of representative democracy is most consistent with the passage?

Pluralist Democracy

After congress proposes a bill to allow business to purchase land that was once a national park, several people from an environment interest group. They reach out to several senators to get their support to block the bill. This is an example of which of the following models of democracy?

Pluralist democracy

After a House of Representatives member supports an unpopular tax despite protests from his constituents, he loses his bid for reelection. This is an example of which of the following democratic ideals?

Popular Sovereignty

Which of the following governmental policies would the author of this passage most likely support?

Reforming or eliminating the Electoral College

Which of the following statements is most consistent with President Obama's argument in the passage?

State and local government can become proving grounds for new ideas

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of "separation of powers" in the US Constitution?

The president commons the nation's armed forces, while Congress has the power to ratify treaties

Which of the following is a consequence of the policy described in the passage above?

The federal government did not have the power to create a centralized military during peace times

In 1972, both houses of Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), a Constitutional amendment guaranteeing equal rights for all citizens regardless of sex. However, the amendment failed, as three-quarters of the states did not ratify it before the deadline expired. This is an example of which of the following aspects of federalism in the United States?

The sharing of power between states and the federal government constrains national policymaking

Which of the following statements best summarizes Madison's argument?

The structure of the government itself should limit its powers

Republicanism is best defined as which of the following?

The system by which the interests of the people are represented through elected leaders

Which of the following systems allows national governments the right to alter or even abolish local government?

Unitary government

The doctrine of nullification refers to...

the claimed authority of the states to declare a federal law void for violating the U.S. Constitution

Fiscal federalism is...

the pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system

The relationship between the states under the Articles of Confederation could best be described as which of the following?

A loose league of friendship

The concept that the national government is supreme in its own sphere while the states are equally supreme in theirs is known as what type of federalism?

Dual federalism

Which of the following most likely accounts for the differences in state spending on education shown in the map?

Education spending is determined by state governments, not the federal government

An informal group advocating for a $15 minimum wage collects 590,000 signatures from registered voters in their state. In the next election, this initiative appears on the ballot for voters to decide whether it becomes a state constitutional amendment. This an example of which of the following models of democracy?

Participatory democracy

Several oil companies donate to pro-facking interest group after hearing that the federal government plans to pass a law banning fracking in the United States. The interest group then appeals to members of Congress in attempt to get them to vote against the bill. Which of the following democratic ideals does this scenario best exemplify?

Republicanism

The National Recovery Act of 1933, enacted by Franklin Roosevelt's administration to combat the Great Depression, vastly expanded the power of the federal government to regulate wages and labor standards. This scenario is an example of which of the following aspects of federalism?

The changing balance of power between the states and federal government in response to societal needs

Which of the following is most clearly a condition of aid?

Congress requiring states to set their drinking age at 21 in exchange for highway funding