AP Human Geo Urbanization Final, AP Human Geo Agriculture, AP Human Geo Industrialization

In the context of agribusiness and the globalization of agriculture, the food chain is a way of understanding complex connections between... a. Agricultural producers and food consumers b. Foods in the major food groups c. Governments and transnational food corporations d. Monoculture and polyculture e. Consumption,behavior, and health

a. Agricultural producers and food consumers

In the U.S. many farms are integrated into a large food production industry. This is known as... a. Agribusiness b. Commercial farming c. Food processing d. Mechanized farming e. Mixed crop and livestock farming

a. Agribusiness

An agrarian culture is one in which... a. Agricultural production is predominant in daily life b. Is reliant on food imports c. Agricultural production results in plentiful food exports d. Has gone through first, second, and third agricultural revolutions e. Benefited from the green revolution

a. Agricultural production is predominant in daily life

Subsistence agriculture is most common in... a. Asia b. Europe c. Australia d. North America e. The Middle East

a. Asia

Which of the following is least likely to be produced in Mediterranean agriculture? a. Butter b. Fruits c. Grapes d. Olives e. Cereals

a. Butter

The functional dominance (Cultural, Economic, Political) of a city within an urban system is known as... a. Centrality b. Primacy c. Overurbanization d. Reurbanization e. Urban imperialism

a. Centrality

The classic case study of urban ecology and the example of concentric zones of dynamic neighborhoods of different ethnicity and social status was... a. Chicago b. London c. New York d. Los Angeles e. Detroit

a. Chicago

The different areas of the world where Mediterranean agriculture predominates have similar... a. Climate b Cultural beliefs c. Broad expanses of flat land along coasts d. Social customs e. Levels of livestock production with the mixed crop and livestock

a. Climate

According to your text, the ______________ industry is one of the most globalized of all manufacturing industries. a. Clothing b. Chocolate c. Small appliances d. Computer e. Ship-building

a. Clothing

Which of the following would one expect to find in a peripheral country with a large primary sector? a. Coffee and cocoa bean trees b. Coffee roasting and chocolate making factories c. Coffee shops, espresso bars, and chocolate speciality stores d. Research and development on how to make imitation coffee and chocolate flavors e. All of the above

a. Coffee and cocoa bean trees

The dramatic increase in yields associated with the second agricultural revolution coincided with... a. commercial market for food created by the growing urban labor force b. The advent of communism and the emergence of communal farming systems c. The arrival of crops (potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, chocolates) from the new world. d. The introduction of hybrid seeds and GMOs (genetically modified organisms) e. The large influx of migrants from peripheral to core countries

a. Commercial market for food created by the growing urban labor force

Subsistence agriculture is characterized by agriculturalists who... a. consume what they produce b. farm on swiddens c. practice transhumance d. reject globalization and monoculture e. live on farms

a. Consume what they produce

In the 1970s and 1980s the US entered a period of ______, during which time there was a net loss of population from big cities to smaller towns and rural area. a. Counterurbanization b. Reurbanization c. Overurbanization d. Splintering urbanism e. Urbanism

a. Counterurbanization

Shifting cultivation is characterized by the practice of rotating __________ to maintain soil fertility a. crops b. fields c. chemicals d. farm animals e. ownership

a. Crops

Though congregation can be voluntary, segregation is when congregation is combined with... a. discrimination b. counterurbanization c. immigration d. redlining e. the fiscal squeeze

a. Discrimination

The new international division of labor reflects the growing importance of... a. Outsourcing b. Vertical integration c. Access to raw materials d. New infrastructure e. Just-in-time inventory management

a. Outsourcing

The cost advantages that manufacturers get from high volume production are known as... a. Economies of scale b. Economic development c. Spatial diffusion d. Spatial economies e. Agglomeration economies

a. Economies of scale

With over half the total,_______ the world's main tourist destination. a. Europe is b. The America's are c. Africa is d. India and China are e. Australia and New Zealand are

a. Europe is

Of the following, the most characteristic product of the "Blue Revolution" is... a. Fish b. Poultry c. Dairy Products d. Berries e. Wine

a. Fish

Manufacturing based on assembly line techniques and high wages, and reliant upon mass consumption, is known as... a. Fordism b. Toyotism c. Reaganomics d. chryslerism e. Just in time manufacturing

a. Fordism

The invasion of older, centrally located working class neighborhoods by higher income professionals of character and convenience is called... a. Gentrification b. Congregation c. Smart growth d. Urban ecology e. The fiscal squeeze

a. Gentrification

Places of economic activity organized around one or more high-growth industries are known as... a. Growth poles b. North poles c. Economic poles d. Industrial poles e. Government poles

a. Growth poles

W.W. Rostow's model of economic development encourages the opinion that every country is striving for and moving toward which of the following? a. High mass consumption b. post-industrialism c. socialism d. economic self sufficiency e. democracy

a. High mass consumption

Which of the following goods and services is most likely to be found only within the largest urban setting? a. Hospital b. Gas station c. Supermarket d. Restaurant e. Drug store

a. Hospital

Shifting Cultivation is most commonly found in which climate region? a. Humid low-latitude b. Dry c. Warm mid-latitude d. Cold mid-latitude e. Highlands

a. Humid low-latitude

Maquiladoras (manufacturing firms that import components for assembly and re-export) are found... a. In Mexico, clustered near the U.S. border b. In Canada, clustered in and around Quebec c. Throughout spanish speaking communities of North America d. Throughout the world's periphery e. In the Philippines, in export processing zones.

a. In Mexico, clustered near the U.S. border

Suqs, kasbahs, jamis, and medinas are typically found in... a. Islamic cities b. West European cities c. East European cities d. Cities designed by Le Corbusier e. Postmodern cities

a. Islamic Cities

Compared to less developed countries, more developed countries have higher rates of... a. Literacy b. Childhood mortality c. Infectious disease d. Illiteracy e. Environmental pollution

a. Literacy

The urban land use model is sometimes referred to as the trade -off model because people make a trade- off between accessibility and... a. Living space b. Crime c. Jobs d. Leisure Activities e. Public transportation

a. Living Space

"Central place theory" explains the relative size and spacing of urban centers based on... a. Markets and consumer behavior b. Government planning c. Cultural differences d. Natural resources e. Urban ecology

a. Markets and consumer behavior

Which of the following is not a form of subsistence agriculture? a. Mediterranean b. Shifting cultivation c. Pastoral nomadism d. Intensive e. All of the above are forms of subsistence agriculture

a. Mediterranean

New U.S. automobile assembly plants have been built primarily in the... a. Midwest and South b. Northeast and Midwest c. Sunbelt d. West e. Southeast

a. Midwest and South

Because the motor vehicle assembly industry is typically described as a bulk-gaining industry as well as a just-in-time delivery system, the most important factor when selecting a location for a new Toyota or Honda assembly plant in the United States was... a. Minimizing the cost of shipping finished vehicles to its consumers b. Minimizing the cost of shipping inputs and outputs in c. Relation to customers d. The location of railroads e. The location of waterways

a. Minimizing the cost of shipping finished vehicles to its consumers

Which of the following is the most common form of commercial agriculture in Europe? a. Mixed crop and livestock b. Dairy farming c. Grain farming d. Livestock ranching e. Mediterranean agriculture

a. Mixed crop and livestock

Which region has the largest percentage of its population living in urban regions? a. North america b. Latin america c. Europe d. Asia e. Africa

a. North america

___________ is when cities grow faster than their ability to provide jobs, housing and other basic needs. a. Overurbanization b. Decentralization c. Megacities d. Deindustrialization e. Counterurbanization

a. Overurbanization

Globally, 24,00 people per day die from complications associated with undernutrition. Ultimately, the core cause of undernutrition is... a. Poverty b. Famine c. The Green Revolution d. Food Security e. GMO's

a. Poverty

Shanytowns and squatter housing are growing in the unintended metropolises o the periphery due to... a. Poverty and the lack of affordable housing b. The lack of engineers and developers with the skills to build homes c. Environmental conditions that make permanent housing difficult to build d. Misleading advertising e. Unavailability of construction materials

a. Poverty and the lack of affordable housing

The decline in the number of farmers in MDCs can best be described as a consequence of... a. Push/pull economic factors, including the lack of opportunity in rural areas and higher-paying jobs in urban areas b. Urban sprawl, including the developments of suburbs c. Push/pull economic factors, including opportunities in rural areas d. The increase of populations in the urban areas e. The spread of disease and starvation in rural areas

a. Push/pull economic factors, including the lack of opportunity in rural areas and higher-paying jobs in urban areas

In a dry climate with cold winters, this grain would least likely be cultivated: a. Rice b. Wheat c. Barley d. Oats e. Corn

a. Rice

Gated communities exemplify the quartering of urban space into... a. Security zones b. Leisure zones c. Ethnic enclaves d. Smart growth zones e. Edge communities

a. Security Zones

Manchester(UK) and Chicago are both good examples of... a. Shock cities b. Gateway Cities c. Mega cities d. Colonial cities e. Informal cities

a. Shock cities

When increased demand for urban services combines with a shrinking tax base (where businesses and affluent people move out to the suburbs and beyond), central cities around the country struggle with... a. The fiscal squeeze b. Urban sprawl c. Invasion and succession d. Isotopic surfaces e. Gentrification

a. The Fiscal Squeeze

The very first region of independent urbanism was located in... a. The Middle East b. The Baltics c. The Andes d. The Pearl River Delta e. Europe's industrial core

a. The Middle East

Which one of the following statements is incorrect? a. The higher the GDP of a country, the most equal its income distribution b. The primary sector accounts for a larger share of GDP for LDC's than MDC's c. Workers in MDC's are more productive than those in LDC's d. The HDI is a function of economies, social, and demographic indicators e. Women participate in formal and informal economies even in LDC's with higher levels of gender inequality

a. The higher the GDP of a country, the most equal its income distribution

The world's largest non-agricultural employer is (are)... a. Tourism b. General Motors c. Export processing zones d. Maquildoras e. The global office

a. Tourism

________ is an interdependent group of urban settlements in a given region. a. Urban system b. Urban form c. Urban ecology d. Urbanism

a. Urban System

The difference in per capita GDP between the more developed and less developed regions is... a. Widening b. Remaining constant c. Decreasing d. Zero e. Cycling up and down

a. Widening

Schools, roads, railroads, hospitals, retail outlets, recreational and cultural opportunities, social services, and the entire framework of support services and amenities in a city or region is known as its... a. infrastructure b. initial advantage c. spread effects d. ancillary activities e. ecological footprint

a. infrastructure

The global assembly line refers to consumer goods that are made... a. with raw materials, components, labor, and manufacture from around the world b. in one country and designed to be marketed and sold around the world c. with capital invested by people d. with the goal of employing as many people in the periphery as possible e. in factories that are sited on both sides of an international border

a. with raw materials, components, labor, and manufacture from around the world

According to statistics compiled by the United Nations, nearly what percentage pf the world's population today lives in cities? a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 85% e. 95%

b. 50%

Hunting and Gathering societies... a. Presently include about 15 percent of the world's people b. Are found in isolated places in the world c. Are characterized by large concentrations of people d. Occur nearly everywhere, but are especially common in Europe e. Are responsible for most of the environmental degradation of the planet

b. Are found in isolated places in the world

In the concentric zone model of cities, the zone of transition typically begins at the dynamic outer... a. Suburban neighborhoods b. central business district c. factory area d. warehouse districts e. residential neighborhoods

b. Central Business District

Which of the following has dominated food-gathering practices in the twentieth century? a. Hunting and Gathering b. Commercial Agriculture c. Subsistence Agriculture d. Pastoralism e. Swidden Agriculture

b. Commercial Agriculture

Pastoral nomadism is most commonly found in which climate region? a. Humid low-latitude b. Dry c. Warm mid-latitude d. Cold mid-latitude e. Polar

b. Dry

U.S. suburbanization is associated with all of the following except... a. High use of automobiles for commuting b. Efficient use of space c. White flight d. Taking the tax base out of inner cities e. Loss of prime agricultural land

b. Efficient use of space

By the late 18th century and the Industrial Revolution, cities of Europe began to grow with rural to urban migration and... a. Rising birth rates b. Falling death rates c. Importation of slaves d. Migration from Asia e. All of the above

b. Falling death rates

In the context of economic development, regional inequality across the globe... a. Has declined with increased globalization over the last 25 years b. Has increased with increased globalization over the last 25 years c. Has not worsened in countries like the US and scandinavia over the last 25 years d. It is not evident in peripheral countries e. Is not evident in core countries

b. Has increased with increased globalization over the last 25 years

People are more productive in more developed countries because they... a. Work harder b. Have access to more technology c. Have a low amount of value added per person d. Are consistently better educated e. Understand their jobs better than workers in less developed countries

b. Have access to more technology

Which of the following is in proper historical sequence? a. Subsistence, Commercial, Hunting and Gathering b. Hunting and Gathering, Subsistence, Commercial c. Hunting and Gathering, Commercial, Subsistence d. Commercial, Subsistence, Hunting and Gathering

b. Hunting and Gathering, Subsistence, Commercial

The debt crisis refers to... a. The high debt many peripheral countries must pay on intl loans b. Increasing debt service that banks are unable to collect from students and credit card holders c. Loans that entrepreneurs in core countries are unable to get from investment banks d. The difficulty core countries have in balancing their budgets e. The increasing number of bankruptcies in core countries

b. Increasing debt service that banks are unable to collect from students and credit card holders

The term "Third World"... a. Has been in use since the Age of Exploration b. Is a Cold War term referring to the periphery c. Is used for countries that practice neither capitalism or socialism d. Refers to the world's politically neutral countries e. Refers to those countries that are neither North nor South

b. Is a Cold War term referring to the periphery

"Dependency" for peripheral countries means that they are dependent on core countries for all of the following except... a. Demand b. Labor c. Investment d. Technology e. Imports

b. Labor

Because the health and environmental impacts of GMO's are not well understood... a. The united states allows GMO's to be used only in research b. Many European countries severely limit GMO food imports c. Farmers in the UNited States refuse to use them d. They are not widely used and were just another passing fad e. All of the above

b. Many European countries severely limit GMO food imports

Primary factor in the Von Thunen model for choosing commercial farm products is... a. Land price b. Market location c. Climate d. Soil character e. Labor cost

b. Market location

Which type of agriculture is found primarily in less developed countries? a. Mediterranean b. Plantation c. Truck farming d. Commercial gardening e. Mechanized

b. Plantation

Attempts to limit suburban sprawl through smart growth are based on efforts to... a. Expand the highway system and increase reliance on private automobiles b. Preserve open spaces on the fringe and redevelop the inner metropolitan regions c. Package landscapes d. Encourage out-migration to other metropolitan regions e. Stop all economic development

b. Preserve open spaces on the fringe and redevelop the inner metropolitan regions

Which agricultural revolution is characterized by the emergence of a significant surplus of production that could be sold and the beginnings of the industrializations of agriculture? a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth

b. Second

Metal fabrication plants are an example of a bulk-gaining industry because... a. The mills are near the mines b. Separate parts are combined to make more complex and massive products c. Refineries import most material from other countries d. Parts suppliers package shipments in bulk containers for processing in the plants e. Part suppliers supply components with just-in-time management

b. Separate parts are combined to make more complex and massive products

The peripheral country dilemma of having to constantly borrow in order to fund economic development is known as... a. Debt service b. The debt trap c. Death trap d. Dependency cycle e. Cycle of debt

b. The debt trap

The physical structure and organization of cities is termed... a. Urbanism b. Urban form c. Urban ecology d. Urban system

b. Urban Form

Geographers are interested in urbanism as a... a. Form of religion drawing people to urban settlements b. Way of life that emerges in urban settings c. Way of distinguishing refined and polite society from people of popular culture d. Taxonomy by which cities in urban systems are categorized e. Form of counter urbanization

b. Way of life that emerges in urban settings

Following the Rank-size Rule, if the population of the largest city in a country or region is 1 million, the 4th largest city should contain about this many people: a. 500,000 b. 400,000 c. 250,000 d. 133,000 e. 100,000

c. 250,000

Which of the following is NOT a common or important element of cities in the periphery? a. A zone of elite residential neighborhoods b. Squatter zones or shanytowns c. A zone devoted to tourism d. A central zone with a concentration of commerce, industry, and retailing

c. A zone devoted to tourism

Many of the world's megacities... a. Hold half of the world's population b. Are declining in population c. Are more populated than over half of the countries in the UN d. Follow the rank size rule e. Are considered gateway cities.

c. Are more populated than over half of the countries in the UN

Agricultural Subsidies... a. Are no longer used by the U.S. government b. Are often achieved without spending money c. Distort the true market value of the agricultural products being subsidized d. Provide family farmers the opportunity to earn living wages from their farms

c. Distort the true market value of the agricultural products being subsidized

The decentralized commercial and office districts that have emerged on the fringe of metropolitan areas near such features as freeway interchanges and airport have been called... a. 100-mile cities b. polycentric metropolises c. edge cities d. boomburbs e. All of the above

c. Edge Cities

The largest sector in core economies is the tertiary sector; activities in this sector include... a. Agricultural production built around corn, wheat, and beef b. Manufacturing industries built around steel, transportation, and military equipment c. Grocery stores and other retail and wholesale sales, legal services, and entertainment d. All over the above e. Both A and B

c. Grocery stores and other retail and wholesale sales, legal services, and entertainment

The benefits of intertillage include all except... a. reduced risk of crop failure b. spreading out food production over the farming season c. increased ability to replace people with equipment,like tractors d. soil erosion control e. soil moisture retention and maximization

c. Increased ability to replace people with equipment,like tractors

The growth of cities in the nineteenth century was most closely linked with the... a. Increased power of states b. Increased size of states c. Increased importance of industrialization d. Decreased output of agriculture in rural areas e. Increased amount of social services available in cites

c. Increased importance of industrialization

Producers of automobiles select assembly plant locations primarily for their closer access to... a. Government subsidies b. Labor markets c. Markets for finished automobiles d. Raw materials e. Water transportation

c. Markets for finished automobiles

Situation costs are critical to a firm that wishes to... a. Avoid skilled laborers b. Minimize production costs inside the plant c. Minimize transportation costs d. Identify unique characteristics of a particular industry e. Utilize a new technology

c. Minimize transportation costs

Why do Western European cities typically have low skylines compared to American cities? a. The economy was not advanced enough to finance tall skyscrapers b. Soviet planners preferred thick massive buildings over tall ones c. Much urban growth occurred before technology made skyscrapers possible d. Buildings were poorly constructed and did not last long

c. Much urban growth occurred before technology made skyscrapers possible

Squatter settlements refer to residential housing... a. Serving as transitional housing for recent immigrants to the city b. That takes place beyond the city limits c. On land neither owned nor rented by its inhabitants d. In massive, multi-story, govt supported apartment blocks e. That emerges with reurbanization

c. On land neither owned nor rented by its inhabitants

In the world system highest levels of per capita GDP are found in economies where the tertiary and quaternary sectors dominate the workforce these economies are known as... a. Industrial b. Nonindustrial c. Post Industrial d. Sustainable e. Newly industrialized

c. Post Industrial

Give that urban populations are growing at twice the general population growth rate it is likely that... a. Urban areas have low unemployment b. Urban areas have adequate housing c. There is a net movement of people from rural areas to urban areas d. People live better lives in urban areas than in rural areas

c. There is a net movement of people from rural areas to urban areas

By making loans unattainable to people in certain neighborhoods, the practice of (blank) compounds the difficulty in achieving inner city improvements. a. Microlending b. Gentrification c. Redlining d. Postmodernism e. Fiscal squeezing

c. Redlining

Economic development that meets the needs and aspirations of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs is the classic definition for... a. Carrying capacity b. Ecological footprint c. Sustainable development d. Reaganomics e. The Human Development Index

c. Sustainable development

Per capita GDP is a poor indicator of which of the following? a. The approximate level of material well-being in a country b. The number of countries below the poverty level c. The distribution of wealth within a country d. The spatial distribution of global wealth e. Potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable life

c. The distribution of wealth within a country

The Industrial Revolution began in... a. The late 1500s b. The late 1600s c. The late 1700s d. The late 1800s e. The late 1900s

c. The late 1700s

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures is... a. Pastoral nomadism b. Transnormadism c. Transhumance d. Practiced mostly in the tropics e. Livestock ranching

c. Transhumance

The Central Business District... a. Contains the zone of transition b. Is usually the headquarters for national government c. Typically has the tallest buildings d. Contains many factories, but few shops or offices

c. Typically has the tallest buildings

Shifting Cultivation... a. Technology and practice has changed dramatically over the last three centuries b. Requires more expenditure of energy than modern farming methods c. Works best with low population densities d. Is experiencing a revival among organic agriculturalists

c. Works best with low population densities

The type of agriculture practiced near large cities, including producing fruits and vegetables is called... a. Sawah b. Extensive agriculture c. Subsistence agriculture d. Truck farming e. Truck hybridization

d. Truck farming

The industrialization of agriculture has made the farm... a. The center of agricultural production b. The center of service sector of the economy c. The cutting edge of new technology d. A component in the agro-commodity production system e. An unnecessary part of food production

d. A component in the agro-commodity production system

Reasons for urban growth in peripheral countries include... a. Population shifts caused by war b. Deforestation in rural areas c. Desertification in rural areas d. All of the above are correct

d. All of the above are correct

The interdependent relationship between cities and settlements of different sizes and functions within a given region is known as (an)... a. Urbanization b. Urbanism c. Urban ecology d. Urban system e. Urban form

d. Urban system

The predominant form of agriculture in the U.S. southeast is... a. Mixed crop and livestock b. Dairy farming c. Mediterranean agriculture d. Commercial gardening e. Plantation farming

d. Commercial gardening

Mixing crops and livestock allows farmers to... a. Distribute workload of crops and livestock so that farmers hardly need to work during summer season b. Generate 90% of income from the sale of livestock c. Double Crop d. Create a system where crops provide food for livestock and livestock provide manure for crop fertilization

d. Create a system where crops provide food for livestock and livestock provide manure for crop fertilization

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the Third Agricultural Revolution? a. Mechanized inputs--- replacement of human farm labor with machines b. Chemical inputs---use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides c. Occurred in the 20th century and continues through today d. Ended with the arrival of the Green Revolution e. Turned agricultural outputs into secondary sector inputs

d. Ended with the arrival of the Green Revolution

Compared to large industrial farms, traditional intensive agriculture farms tend to... a. Be a more sustainable form of production b. Rely more on sophisticated forms of mechanization c. Use chemical fertilizers rather than manure and compost d. Have low yields e. Lack agricultural and environmental understanding

d. Have low yields

Which of the following is not one of the major changes occurring globally in agriculture? a. Increased chemical use b. Increased use in machinery c. Increase integration into wider economic and industrial systems. d. Increased number of people employed e. All of the above

d. Increased number of people employed

Which type of agriculture is practiced by the largest percentage of the world's people? a. Hunting and Gathering b. Shifting cultivation c. Pastoral nomadism d. Intensive subsistence e. Plantation

d. Intensive subsistence

Severe gender inequality is a challenge to development because... a. It leads to smaller family sizes, and families with fewer child laborers cannot earn enough money to pay for their rent and utilities b. It is associated with higher literacy rates, higher economic vitality, and lower infant mortality rates c. It excludes men from the informal economy, wasting a major economic asset d. It severely limits the economic and social mobility of women, as well as families that are headed by women e. It does not allow men and boys the freedom to attend schools and seek the jobs that are best suited for them

d. It severely limits the economic and social mobility of women, as well as families that are headed by women

The cost savings and / or advantages that individual firms get when they are located in the same area as other firms of the same industry is known as a(n) _____________ economy. a. Remittance b. External c. Ancillary d. Localization e. Deindustrialization

d. Localization

TO most equitably compare the relative levels of economic development of different countries, and to adjust for differing currencies it is best to use... a. Gdp b. Gdp per capita c. Gni per capita d. Ppp e. Any of the above

d. Ppp

The GDP of a region or country includes the total value of all but which of the following? a. Foodstuffs produced in country b. Services produced in country c. Machinery produced in country d. Profits from abroad e. Gdp includes all of the above

d. Profits from abroad

Which of the following is generally not a characteristic of European cities? a. Plazas and squares b. Relatively low skylines c. Lively downtowns d. Rapid neighborhood change e. Scars of war

d. Rapid neighborhood change

According to our understanding of urban accessibility and land use, which of the following is located farthest from the city center? a. Factories b. Warehouses c. High-volumes retail stores d. Residences

d. Residences

In regards to urban systems, the basic understanding of the central place theory includes all the following EXCEPT... a. People will travel further for more expensive, less frequently purchased goods b. The smallest settlements provide goods and services that meet everyday needs c. The larger settlement, the greater the variety of specialized goods and services d. Settlements of similar population sizes are grouped together e. The larger the settlements, the farther apart it will be from others of a similar size

d. Settlements of similar population sizes are grouped together

The height of the second agricultural revolution coincided with... a. The Renaissance b. The Reformation c. The reign of Arnold Foos XIV of France d. The Industrial Revolution

d. The Industrial Revolution

Which of the following have aided commercial farms in MDCs? a. Transportation improvements and the rise of sea levels b. Scientific advances, the reduction in the need for electronics c. Ancient irrigation projects that can be refitted for modern farming d. Transportation improvements, scientific advances, and electronics e. Climate change, scientific advances, and transportation improvements.

d. Transportation improvements, scientific advances, and electronics

Commercial agriculture systems in the core are especially efficient in terms of food production per unit of... a. Area b. Labor c. Fuel energy d. Water e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which of the following is a typical practice in growing rice in Asia? a. Preparing fields with a plow drawn by oxen b. Flooding the plowed field with water c. Growing seedlings in a nursery d. Transplanting seedlings into the flooded field e. All of these answers are correct

e. All of these answers are correct

The most certified Fair Trade product in the United States is... a. Chicken b. Bananas c. Tea d. Chocolate e. Coffee

e. Coffee

The stark contrast of high-rise modern office buildings and luxury housing with the slums and shanytowns of unintended metropolises is visual evidence of their... a. Isotropism b. Economic development c. Gentrification d. Multiculturalism e. Dualism

e. Dualism

Approximately three-fourths of the world's industrial production is concentrated in three regions, including which of the following? a. Eastern North America and Southeast Asia b. Eastern Europe and Southern Europe c. Northwestern Europe and Eastern South America d. East Asia and Southwest Asia e. Eastern North America and Northwestern Europe

e. Eastern North America and Northwestern Europe

In which country are women better off than men according to the United Nations Development Program's gender empowerment index? a. United States b. Canada c. Finland d. Iceland e. In no country are women better off

e. In no country are women better off

The value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy is... a. Gross domestic Product b. Productivity c. Tertiary sector analysis d. Market value e. Value added

e. Value added

One of the huge benefits of "just-in-time" production is that the need for (blank) is eliminated. a. Understanding cultural differences b. Labor c. advertising d. working overtime e. large inventories

e. large inventories