AP Human Geography

Most are given out by the World Bank.

A current trend in economic geography is the use of microloans. Which of these would NOT be a characteristic of a microloan? A. high loan repayment rates B. promotes "bottoms up" development C. most are given out by World Bank D. microloans facilitate female empowerment. E. most are given out in LDC's.

Coal

A major input in manufacturing industries is a raw material. Which of the following items is a raw material? A. Steel B. Plastic C. Glass D. Coal E. Gasoline

loss of manufacturing jobs in MDCs and increased employment in LDCs.

A result of the new International Division of Labor would be: A. loss of manufacturing jobs in LDCs and increased employment in MDCs. B. loss of manufacturing jobs in MDCs and increased employment in LDCs. C. greater efficiences in transportation systems in developed countries. D. an increase in the footloose industry. E. an increase in customer service jobs in LDCs.

All of the above; vector-borne diseases, temperature-related death and illness, mental health and well-being, water-related illness.

According to US government's Global Change Research Program, which of the following is an impact of climate change on human health in the US? A. Vector-borne diseases. B. Temperature-related death and illness. C. Mental health and well-being D. Water-related illness E. All of the Above

Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area.

According to Weber's Least Cost theory, where would be the best location of a paper mill near Portland, Oregon? A. close to other industrial areas in Portland. B. near the port in Portland C. within the central business district in Portland. D. near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area. E. near commercial areas along a major interstate highway.

next to raw materials

According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would typically be located: A. in a city B. on the outskirts of a city C. next to a shipping port D. next to raw materials E. next to an airport

footloose

Adi works for a company that develops websites. Her duties include proofreading, layouts, and discovering and refining resources. There is no need for her to be confined to any one location to perform the duties. All she needs is a computer and internet access. This type of growing profession is known as: A. free form B. footloose C. technology intensive D. fordist E. new age assembly line

India

All of the following are considered Baby Tigers EXCEPT: A. Malaysia B. Vietnam C. Philippines D. Thailand E. India

corporate leadership

All of the following are considered site factors of production EXCEPT: A. Land B. Sources of Energy C. Corporate Leadership D. Labor E. Capital

its new ideas and techniques diffused quickly.

All of the following are true about the Industrial Revolution EXCEPT: A. it resulted in new social, economic, and political inventions. B. its new ideas and techniques diffused quickly. C. the first industries to benefit were iron and textiles. D. coal became the new source of energy for manufacturing plants, replacing wood. E. canals and railroads were being built to attract workers as well as transport resources and finished goods.

all of the above; cheap labor, government subsidies, natural harbors, growing regional markets for manufactured goods.

Although iPhones designed in US, they are assembled in China. WHich of the following explains the shift of manufacturing industry from developed countries to newly industrialized countries in Southeast Asia? A. cheap labor B. government subsides C. natural harbors D. growing regional markets for manufactured goods E. all of the above

copper

An example of weight/bulk-reducing industry would be: A. automobiles B. furniture C. copper D. sailboats E. apples

primary, technology makes jobs more efficient.

As LDCs start developing economically, fewer citizens work in the ___ economic sector because ____? A. tertiary; the need for services is greater in poor countries. B. secondary; developed countries send their manufacturing industries overseas. C. primary; technology makes these jobs more efficient. D. primary; a country's resources are being used up as it develops. E. secondary; as a country's wealth increases, fewer factories are needed.

North Carolina State University, Duke University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

As manufacturing in the US declined, research and development expanded. One such region became known as the Research Triangle. Which 3 universities form this triangle? A. Mississippi State University, University of Tennessee, Auburn University B. University of Maine, University of Vermont, University of New Hampshire. C. North Carolina State University, Duke University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. D. University of Kentucky, Ohio State University, Purdue University E. North Dakota State University, South Dakota University, University of Minnesota

factory should be located in an area with inexpensive labor costs.

As textiles manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs? A. factory should be close to the raw materials B. factory should be located near large market areas C. factory should be lcoated in an area with inexpensive labor costs. D. factory should be located in areas with inexpensive transportation routes. E. factory should be located an equal distance from the raw materials and population centers.

colonization

As the Industrial Revolution progressed, the ideals of imperialism gained popularity throughout Europe. Which of the following represents a form of imperialism? A. industrialization B. revolution C. colonization D. decolonization E. deindustrialization

increase efficiency

Businesses use complementarity as a way to: A. promote products B. reduce taxes C. recruit workers D. develop infrastructure E. increase efficiency

Special Economic Zones

China has created areas designed specifically for foreign companies to locate their headquarters and areas of manufacturing. These areas are best known as... A. Special Trading Zones B. Special Economic Zones C. Export processes D. Entreports E. Complementary processes

transnational corporation

Coca Cola is best described as a: A. transnational corporation B. footloose industry C. maquiladora D. secondary activity E. primary activity

industrialization.

Core countries dominate the world today due to past: A. military power B. urbanization C. colonization D. industrialization E. population growth

18th

Core countries in the World Systems Theory owe their position in the model to events that began in which century? A. 16th B. 17th C. 18th D. 19th E. 20th

electronics

Early manufacturing in the Four Asian Tigers consisted of Low-quality textiles and toys. In recent years, the sector has shifted to the production of... A. automobiles B. electronics C. oil D. textiles E. computer software

the value of goods and services produced bya country domestically and overseas.

GNI is a common measure of development. Which of the following is an accurate description of GNI? A. average earnings of the population of a country. B. total earnings of the population of a country C. value of goods and services produced by a country domestically and overseas. D. value of goods produced by a country overseas only. E. value of goods and services produced by a country domestically only.

They increased as the industrial revolution led ot new more efficient farming techniques.

How were food supplies in Great Britain affected as the industrial revolution diffused throughout the country? A. They decreased as people left agricultural jobs to work in factories. B. They decreased due to the new diseases associated with poor living condition during industrialization. C. They increased as the industrial revolution led to new more efficient farming techniques. D. They increased due to the introduction of new medicine for the population. E. They were unaffected.

NGOs

In order for the United Nations to achieve its Millennium Development Goals, it requries the cooperation of governments and which of the following? A. CBDs B. NGOs C. DTMs D. HDI E. GDPs

carbon credits.

In order to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas entering the atmosphere, national and international agreements have instituted a policy whereby organization must pay to emit greenhouse gases. The idea is that they have an incentive to reduce greenhouse gases as it will reduce costs. This policy is supported by the trading of: A. carbon debits. B. ozone credits. C. greenhouse credits. D. carbon credits. E. greenhouse debits.

Pakistan

In which of the following countries are women likely to have the LEAST important role in the workforce? A. Argentina B. Pakistan C. Canada D. Mexico E. Paraguay

Tuvalu

In which of the following places is the welfare of the population MOST at risk as a result of climate change? A. Tuvalu B. Iceland C. Borneo D. The Channel Islands E. The Bahamas

India lacks the technology and farms smaller plots of land.

India has more arable land than the US yet the Us is more productive with its crop yields. This is primarily because... A. the US has a more favorable climate. B. India does not have enough people for farm labor. C. India lacks the technology and farms smaller plots of land. D. the US has more people employed in farm labor than India.

commodification

Locals will often sell traditional items they have made in their village to the tourists as a way to supplement their income. This exemplifies the idea of: A. commodification B. cultural appropriation C. popular culture D. local culture E. assimilation

Fashion

London, Paris, and Milan, are responsible for the globalization of which of the following industries? A. music B. fashion C. finance D. automobiles E. film

USA, Canada, Mexico

NAFTA is an international trade organization formed by an agreement between which three countries? A. Germany, France, and Italy B. USA, Canada, and Bahamas C. USA, Canada, and Mexico D. Germany, France, UK E. USA, Mexico, Bahamas

Southern Africa

One of the United Nations Millennium Goals is to combat HIV/AIDS, along with other diseases. Which of the following world regions is likely to benefit most from this goal? A. South America B. South Asia C. Central Africa D. Southern Africa E. Northern Africa

education systems

One of the most important foundations that a country needs to build upon as it develops is its infrastructure. Which of the following would NOT be an example of infrastructure? A. Education systems B. Electric power grids C. Water and sewer systems D. Churches and other religious institutions E. Road networks

development of new ports

Over the past 20 years, many industries have moved to and been created in the southern region of the US. All of these are factors that help explain this EXCEPT: A. many southern states are "right to work". B. government incentivies C. newer infrastructure D. lower wage strucutre E. development of new ports

Multinational corporations

Shenzhen, China has been designated a Special Economic Zone by the government. As a result, which of the following is most likely to be found in Shenzhen? A. Government offices B. Mines C. Local businesses D. Rice farms E. Multinational corporations

Nigeria improved in every area.

Shows changes in human development indicators for Nigeria. What does the data show? (Nigeria's development in factors) A. Nigeria improved in every area. B. Nigeria only improved in negative indicators. C. Nigeria only improved in positive indicators. D. They was no real improvement in any indicator. E. There is no correlation in the numbers.

Arkansas

Sometimes, companies get so large that they need to set up a call center. Which of the following states would be the best place to locate a call center? A. California B. Alaska C. Illinois D. New York E. Arkansas

European Coal and Steel Community.

The EU was originally formed in 1951 by 6 founding countries. What was the name of the original organization? A. European Economic Union B. European Community C. European Union D. European Economic Community E. European Coal and Steel Community.

they have great access to cheap, low-skilled labor.

The Four Asian Tigers had economic success for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A. their economies are marked by inexpensive production of goods. B. they have access to world-class ports. C. they boast an educated workforce. D. they export to world markets. E. they have great access to cheap, low-skilled labor.

Stage 2

The Industrial Revolution is credited as the principal cause of population growth at which stage of the Demographic Transition Model? A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 D. Stage 4 E. Stage 5

China

The US - ____ Relations Act of 2000 was to facilitate increased trade between the two nations and promote global economic development. A. China B. Mexico C. Canada D. Japan E. Vietnam

Comparative advantage

The ability of one group or individual to perform an economic activity more efficiently than another is known as: A. Economies of scale B. Comparative Advantage C. Diseconomies of scale D. Complementarity E. Comparative Disadvantage

technology

The catalyst of the Industrial Revolution was: A. government funding B. specialized labor C. technology D. available land E. the willingness of banks to give loans to companies

it is mainly practiced internationally.

The concept of outsourcing is becoming increasingly important in today's industrial world. All of these are characteristics of outsourcing EXCEPT: A. cheaper labor costs. B. allows for a 24 hour workday. C. typical practice of transnational corporations. D. it is mainly practiced internationally.

multiplier effect

The demand for homes in Silicon Valley after the rise of the tech sector there could BEST be described as an: A. basic industry B. pull factors C. multiplier effect D. site E. agglomeration

Increased demand for workers in high-tech and service industries.

The economy of the US is said to be in a postindustrial phase. Which of these would most accurately describe this phase? A. Deemphasis on the need for imports to the US. B. Increased demand for workers in high-tech and service industries. C. Increased investment in all industries. D. Reemergence of the importance of primary industries. E. Outsourcing of most industrial labor overseas.

Northern England and Southern Scotland.

The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was... A. US B. China C. Northern England and Southern Scotland D. India E. Spain and Portugal

manufacture goods for the American market at a low cost.

The purpose of maquiladoras is to: A. manufacture goods for the South American market at a low cost. B. manufacture goods for the Mexican market at a low cost. C. manufacture goods for the Southeast Asian market at a low cost. D. manufacture goods for the American market at a low cost. E. manufacture goods for the European market at a low cost.

foreign car industry

The southern states of the US have seen an increase in what type of industry: A. computer software B. foreign car industry C. natural resources D. textiles E. steel industry

Aral Sea

This image shows a body of water that from the 1960s until the mid-2000s lost three-quarters of its surface area and more than 90% of its volume due to both climatic cycles and human mismanagement. What is the name of this body of water? A. Caspian Sea B. Lake Balkhash C. Aral Sea D. Lake Baikal E. Black Sea

it involves the provision of the high-level of services, such as scientific research.

What are the characteristics of a quinary industry? A. Involves the extraction of raw materials from the surface of the Earth. B. Involves the provision of services, such as retail and tourism. C. Involves manufacturing raw materials into a finished product. D. Involves the provision of the high-level of services, such as scientific research. E. Involves the provision of high-level services, such as college education and app creation.

the gap between rich and poor in a given country.

What does the Gini coefficient measure? A. role of women in the workforce B. the gap between rich and poor in a given country. C. % of workforce in service industries D. difference between basic and non-basic industries. E. difference between each stage of Rostow's model of development.

City planners prioritize industrial efficiency.

What does thee satellite image of Belgrade, Serbia, an Eastern European city, reveal about its culture? A. City planners prioritized freedom. B. City planners prioritized equality. C. City planners prioritized community. D. City planners prioritized industrial efficiency. E. City planners prioritized governance and law.

death rates decreased

What impact did the industrial revolution have on population as it diffused through Western Europe? A. Natural rate decreased B. Death rates increased C. Birth rates decreased D. Birth rates increased E. Death rates decreased

the division of more developed countries from less developed countries.

What is the Brandt Line? A. The line separating the former communist Eastern European countries from Western Europe. B. the division of more developed countries from less developed countries. C. The border between North and South Korea. D. The division of the heartland and rimland in Eurasia. E. The treaty creating the border between US and Canada in the 1840s.

Rust Belt

What is the nickname given to the American region that has seen a major decline in the manufacturing sector of its economy? A. Rust Belt B. Sun Belt C. Steel Belt D. Industry Belt E. Production Belt

the Rust Belt

What term is used to describe the region of the US that experienced rapid deindustrialization beginning in the 1970's? A. the Rust Belt B. the Green Belt C. the Sun Belt D. the Bible Belt E. the Northern Belt

The subcontracting/offshoring of US factories and jobs to China and India.

What trend in today's global industrial distribution does this political cartoon depict? A. the return of Chinese and Indian factories back to their homelands. B. Chinese and Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs. C. The subcontracting/offshoring of US factories and jobs to China and India. D. New trade laws banning India and China from investing in US. E. Loss of demand in the US for Chinese and Indian products.

primary and tertiary

What two classifications are represented by someone who works in the oil industry as a cook on an oil rig? A. Primary and secondary B. Primary and tertiary C. Secondary and tertiary D. Tertiary and quaternary E. Tertiary and quinary

deglomeration

When industries choose to move away from a centralized location due to increased costs and competition, this is called; A. agglomeration B. deglomeration C. cumulative causation D. manufacturing location E. multiplier effect

China

Which Asian Industrial Area has created Special Economic Zones to increase foreign investment? A. Japan B. China C. Indonesia D. South Korea E. North Korea

Call center operator

Which of the following Sun Belt jobs is a typical product of American economic restructuring? A. Coal miner B. Steel worker C. Automobile assembly plant worker D. Call center operator E. Cotton farmer

The US grows potatoes and sells them to Honduras in return for bananas.

Which of the following accurately describes a situation resulting from comparative advantage? A. US grows potatoes and sells them to Honduras in return for bananas. B. US grows potatoes and sells them to Honduras in return for oranges. C. US grows pineapples and sells them to Canada in return for oranges. D. US grows oranges and sells them to Canada in return for pineapples. E. US trades potatoes with Ireland.

Guided rainforest tours in the Peten region of Guatemala.

Which of the following answer choices is the clearest example of ecotourism? A. helicopter rides over the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico. B. Guided rainforest tours in the Peten region of Guatemala C. Zip line rides at Disneyland Tokyo. D. Rodeo attendance in Great Plains region of the US. E. Surfing in waters off the coast of Maui, Hawaii

The building of a Starbucks in Acapulco.

Which of the following best demonstrates the globalization of culture as a result of the formation of NAFTA? A. the building of a Taco Bell in NYC. B. the establishment of a WalMart in Detroit. C. the establishment of a BurgerKing in London. D. the building of a Starbucks in Acapulco.

A web design company

Which of the following business operations is likely to be found in Silicon Valley, California? A. A coal mine B. A web design company C. A water bottling plant D. A feedlot E. A car assembly plant

all of the above; life expectancy, gross national income, literacy rates, access to healthcare.

Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country? A. life expectancy B. gross national income C. literacy rates D. access to healthcare E. all of the above

Coal and Iron Ore

Which of the following combination of resources were essential for the Industrial Revolution? A. Gold and Silver B. Timber and Peat C. Tin and Zinc D. Coal and Iron Ore E. Tobacco and Sugar

Unemployed or underemployed farm workers moved to cities for work. Cities provide more facilities for education and healthcare than rural areas.

Which of the following combinations would explain why cities grew during the industrial revolution? Unemployed or underemployed farm workers moved to cities for work. Cities provided better sanitation and cleaner water than was found in rural areas. Cities provide more facilities for education and healthcare than rural areas.

Saudi Arabia

Which of the following countries is likely to display the lowest levels of female empowerment? A. Finland B. Saudi Arabia C. US D. France E. Germany

maquiladoras

Which of the following describes industrial plans located in Mexico that produce goods using relatively inexpensive labor and later sell the products in the United States for a higher profit? A. devolution B. maquiladoras C. footloose industry D. multinational corporation E. transnational corporation

Comparative Advantage

Which of the following describes when a country identifies the unique assets that it can provide for trade or profit? A. Supranationalism B. Comparitive Advantage C. Agglomeration D. Least Cost Theory E. Commodification

Unpaid maternity leave

Which of the following descriptions directly indicates inequality for women at work? A. Paid maternity leave B. Unpaid maternity leave C. Free pre-natal classes at work D. Paid paternity leave E. Unpaid paternity leave

Core countries purchased raw materials, while peripheral countries purchased manufactured goods.

Which of the following explains the relationship between core and peripheral countries during the late 19th century? A. Core countries purchased raw materials, while peripheral countries purchased manufactured goods. B. Core countries purchased manufactured goods, while peripheral countries purchased raw materials. C. Core countries sold raw materials, while peripheral countries purchased manufactured goods. D. Core countries purchased raw materials, while peripheral countries sold manufactured goods. E. Peripheral countries relied on core countries to supply them with labor and materials to create manufactured goods.

HDI

Which of the following indicators of development is a composite measure? A. GDP B. GNP C. GNI D. HDI E. GPD

increased competition for labor.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of agglomeration? A. increased competition for labor. B. a decrease in production costs. C. shared services D. tax breaks E. already-established infrastructure

increase global life expectancy

Which of the following is NOT one of the 8 United Nations Millennium Development Goals? A. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger B. Achieve universal primary education C. Reduce child mortality D. Ensure environmental sustainability E. Increase global life expectancy

Increase resource export

Which of the following is NOT one of the Millennium Development Goals? A. Increase resource export. B. Increase gender equality and empower women. C. Combat the spread of disease. D. Ensure environmental sustainability. E. Achieve universal primary education.

China's one-child policy

Which of the following is a preventable strategy for dealing with environmental problems? A. deacidifying lakes B. China's one-child policy C. Chemical spill clean-up. D. Adding fish ladders to dams. E. Giving compensationto victims of industrial waste.

Supporting local farmers/producers.

Which of the following is the easiest to adopt to support sustainable development? A. Independence from fossil fuels B. Supporting local farmers/producers C. Getting rid of the American middle-class lifestyle. D. Moving countries from stage one to stage two in the Demographic Transition model. E. Getting governments to sign sustainable development treaties.

Provide tax breaks for new, incoming corporations.

Which of the following is the most likely initiative that a local government would use to generate economic development in its poverty stricken city? A. Reduce local property taxes for individuals. B. Subsidize private schooling. C. Provide tax breaks for new incoming corporations. D. Invest in new parks and recreation. E. Subsidize gasoline for city residents.

A loan to help build a K-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan.

Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term? A. A loan to help start up a rice farm in China that only employs women. B. A loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand. C. A loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health and safety standards. D. A loan to help build a K-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan. E. A loan to help single women in Somalia learn how to fish so that they no longer have to rely on arranged marriages.

a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income.

Which of the following most accurately describes the HDI? A. A composite statistic of life expectancy, pollution levels, and infrastructure. B. A composite statistic of per capita income, life expectancy, and infrastructure. C. A composite statistic of per capita income, infrastructure, and corruption levels. D. A composite statistic of per capita income, corruption levels, and education. E. A composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income.

Discrimination in the workplace by hiring managers.

Which of the following provides a reason why women in the US still face unequal opportunity in the workplace? A. Discrimination in the workplace by hiring managers. B. Employment law is often designed to the disadvantage of women. C. There are more males than females in the population. D. More males tend to graduate college and are therefore more qualified than women. E. All of the Above

Geothermal

Which of the following renewable alternative sources of energy is shown in the picture below? (Heat, Condenser, Generator, Turbine) A. Solar B. Wind C. Geothermal D. Hydroelectric E. Nuclear

Non-provision of maternity leave.

Which of the following scenarios BEST describes the economic impact of gender inequality in reproductive health? A. Female genital mutilation B. Non-provision of maternity leave C. Lack of access to midwives D. High maternal mortality rates E. Infant mortality

A tire factory located next to a car assembly plant.

Which of the following scenarios BEST represents Weber's concept of "agglomeration"? A. A McDonald's located next ot a Burger King. B. A tire factory located next to a car assembly plant. C. A Papa John's located next to a housing project. D. A car dealership located next to a highway. E. A Walmart located in a downtown area.

Computer chips - Silicon Valley

Which of these correctly matches the basic industry to its region/city? A. Computer chips - Silicon Valley B. Automobiles - LA C. Steel - Chicago D. Iron - Atlanta E. Textiles - Boston

Romania

Which of these countries would have the highest GDI? A. Yemen B. Saudi Arabia C. India D. Kenya E. Romania

A slight decrease as aspects of the Russian economy adjusted to the end of communism.

Which of these describes and explains the trend shown in Russia's HDI? (Slight decrease) A. A slight increased caused by Russia no longer needing to support its satellite countries. B. A slight decrease cased by slowing of Cold War military investment. C. A slight increase as trade with Western Europe increased with the ending of the Cold War. D. A slight increase as Russia's export of wheat increased. E. A slight decrease as aspects of the Russian economy adjusted to the end of communism.

NAFTA and maquiladoras

Which of these have contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years? A. An increase in American and international tourism. B. A rise in the prices of petroleum and gold. C. An increase in maize and other vegetable exports. D. Increased trade with Brazil and Venezuela. E. NAFTA and maquiladoras.

the Age of Fair Trade.

Which of these is NOT one of Rostow's Five Stages of Development? A. The Age of Mass Consumption B. The Traditional Society C. The Drive to Maturity D. The Age of Fair Trade E. The Takeoff

loss of population.

Which of these would be the FINAL stage of a possible cause and effect chain for deindustrialization? A. loss of population B. loss of jobs in that main industry C. decay in the quality of life and infrastrucutre D. loss of jobs in non-basic industry. E. a shrinking tax base.

It shows a less developed country.

Which of these would be true of a country with this population pyramid? (Wide at the bottom, skinny at top.) A. It shows a more developed country. B. It shows a less developed country. C. It shows characteristics of a European country. D. It shows a country with a low dependency ratio. E. It shows a country that is mostly urban.

South

Why of these regions is not one of the traditional industrial zones in the US? A. New England B. Middle Atlantic C. Eastern Great Lakes D. Western Great Lakes E. South

soft drink bottling/tertiary

Why pairing of economic sectors is NOT correct? A. Farming/primary B. Automobile manufacturing/secondary C. Apple executive/quinary D. Soft drink bottling/tertiary E. Accountant/quarternary

weight-gaining industry

Why type of industry locates the production point close to the market to minimize transportation costs associated with heavier products? A. Weight-reducing industry B. Weight-gaining industry C. Tertiary industry D. Primary industry E. Secondary industry