AP Psych Chapter 3

The ___ cortex in the brain contains the primary somatosensory cortex which, among other jobs, processes one's perception of touch

Parietal

A psychological condition marked by an inability to recognize faces is called

Prosopagnosia

An integrated understanding of pain control in terms of mental distraction, the release of endorphins, and the presence of empathic caregivers is most clearly provided by

Biopsychosocial approach

Which is an example of top-down processing in the perception of speech

Brie's father yells, "Take out the..." before he can finish his sentence, Brie jumps up from the couch to take out the garbage

Which structure of the ear contains the auditory receptors

Cochlea

Which receptor cells most directly enable us to distinguish different wavelengths of light?

Cones

The perception of the letter "t" as two intersecting lines rather than as four non intersecting lines illustrates the principle of

Continuity

Which process allows more light to reach the periphery of the retina?

Dilation of the pupils

How does the input of olfactory information to the brain differ from other sensory input pathways?

Direct connections to the thalamus are not made before reaching the cortex

After you rough bump part of your body—say your shin or your "funny bone"—into something and experience pain as a result, you may help to decrease that sense of pain by rubbing the injured area. The _______ theory provides some insight as to why rubbing the area helps to lower the pain that you feel.​

Gate theory

What is the purpose of a sensory homunculus

It shows how areas of the body are represented in the somatosensory cortex on the basis of sensitivity.

Jennifer can tune her guitar more effectively than Maria because Jennifer is better at detecting whether specific strings are playing too sharp or too flat. With respect to tone sensitivity, Maria apparently has a ________ threshold than does Jennifer.

Larger Difference

A time lag between left and right auditory stimulation is important for accurately

Locating Sounds

The increased connections that form between two neurons which includes the growth of new axon terminals and dendrite receptor cites, seems to be the foundation for the biological mechanism of memory. This is called

Long Term Potentiation

Sound wave vibrations are transmitted by three tiny bones located in the

Middle ear

Although he was wearing a pair of glasses that shifted the apparent location of objects 20 degrees to his right, Lars was still able to play tennis very effectively. This best illustrates the value of

Perceptual Adaptation

After watching a scary television movie, Julie perceived the noise of the wind rattling her front windows as the sound of a burglar breaking into her house. Her mistaken interpretation best illustrates the influence of

Perceptual Set

Following a head injury, a person has ongoing difficulties staying awake. Most likely, the damage occurred to the

Pons

Patients' negative expectations about the outcome of a surgical procedure can increase their postoperative experience of pain. This best illustrates the importance of:

Top Down Processing

When there is a conflict between bits of information received by two or more senses which sense tends to dominate the others

Vision

When considering light waves, brightness is to amplitude as hue is to

Wavelength

The blind spot is located in the area of the retina

Where the optic nerve leaves the eye

When most people stare first at a blue circle and then shift their eyes to a white surface, the afterimage of the circle appears

Yellow

Accommodation refers to

process by which the lens changes shape in order to focus images on the retina.